RU2230218C2 - Wind-driven electric plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wind power engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to wind-driven plants converting energy of wind into electric or other energy for use in industry, agriculture, etc. proposed wind-driven electric plant contains turbine mechanically coupled with generator, central envelope, ring front envelope with inlet channel forming small diffuser outlet channel with central envelope, ring outer envelope forming large diffuser-contraction channel with central envelope, and additional ring envelope forming narrowing-widening first intermediate channel together with outer surfaces of front and central envelopes, first intermediate channel communicating with diffuser outlet channel in intermediate part, and second intermediate channel together with inner surface of outer envelope communicating, together with first intermediate channel, with large diffuser-contraction channel. According to invention, turbine is mechanically coupled with generator, being arranged in intermediate channel formed by central and additional ring envelopes. EFFECT: improved efficiency of utilization of wind flow energy. 5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to wind energy, namely, wind turbines that convert wind energy into electrical or other energy for use in industry, agriculture, etc.

A known wind power installation comprising a turbine mechanically coupled to a generator, a central shell, an annular front shell with an inlet channel forming a small diffuser output channel with a central shell, an annular outer shell forming a large diffuser-confuser channel with a central shell, and an additional annular shell forming with the outer surfaces of the anterior and central membranes a tapering-expanding first intermediate channel communicating at an intermediate hour and with a small diffuser output channel, and with the inner surface of the outer shell - the second intermediate channel, communicating together with the first intermediate channel with a large diffuser-confuser channel, taken by the essential features of the invention adopted as the closest analogue (prototype) (see, for example, RU , 2124142 C1, CL F 03 D 1/04, 12/27/1998).

The disadvantage of a wind turbine is the inability to use the plant at low initial air flow rates.

The technical result, which consists in increasing the energy efficiency of the wind flow, is ensured by the fact that in a wind power installation containing a turbine mechanically connected with a generator, a central shell, an annular front shell with an inlet channel, forming a small diffuser output channel, an annular one with a central shell the outer shell, forming with the Central shell a large diffuser-confuser channel, as well as an additional annular shell, forming with external By the characteristics of the front and central shells, the tapering-expanding first intermediate channel communicating in the intermediate part with a small diffuser output channel, and with the inner surface of the outer shell, the second intermediate channel communicating together with the first intermediate channel with a large diffuser-confuser channel, according to the invention, a turbine mechanically connected with the generator is located in the intermediate channel formed by the central and additional annular shells, the input channels can be equipped They are primary air flow accelerators, the shells of the installation are equipped with additional ejection and air intake channels.

The channels are equipped with flow swirling devices.

The drawing shows a longitudinal section of the installation.

The wind power installation comprises a central shell 1, an annular front shell 2 with an input channel 3. Shell 2 forms a small diffuser output channel 4 with the central shell 1. In addition, the power unit has an annular outer shell 5, which forms a large diffuser-confuser channel 6 with the central shell 1 The power unit is also equipped with an additional annular shell 7, which forms, with the outer surfaces of the front 2 and central 1 shells, the tapering-expanding first intermediate channel 8 communicated in the intermediate part with a small output diffuser channel 4, and with the inner surface of the outer shell 5 - the second intermediate channel 9, communicating with the first intermediate channel 8 with a large diffuser-confuser channel 6. The installation has a turbine 10 located in the tapering-expanding first intermediate channel 8 and mechanically coupled to a generator 11 located in the central shell 1. By the term "generator" here is meant not only an electric current generator, but any device for converting a mechanical nical energy in any form of energy which is convenient for use in specific circumstances. This can be, for example, a pump in the hydraulic drive system, a pneumatic drive compressor, etc. At the entrance to the channels 3, 8, 9, primary flow accelerators 12 are installed with guiding devices for twisting (not shown) the flow. Shell 1, 2, 5, 7 and primary accelerators 12 are interconnected by jumpers.

To ensure additional air flow into the installation channels and give additional acceleration, the shells 2, 5, 7 are equipped with additional air intake channels 13, and to create additional vacuum behind the turbine 10 - ejector channels 14. To increase the efficiency of the turbine 10 channels 3, 4, 8 and 9 are equipped with devices 15 for swirling the flow.

Wind power installation works as follows.

The free air flow moving along the second intermediate channel 9 of the installation and on the surface of the outer shell 5 of the installation, due to ejection, creates a vacuum in the first intermediate channel 8, and the zone of effective influence of the two total flows involved in creating the vacuum is at least one diameter of the bottom cut installation, that is, an annular air flow is involved in this process, the largest diameter of which is at least three diameters of the bottom section of the installation.

The energy of this flow can be determined using the first law of thermodynamics or calculated by the formula for determining the elastic energy of the gas, or other known methods.

The air flow entering the input section of the channels 3, 8, 9 and primary accelerators 12 has a certain amount of energy calculated by known methods.

Under the influence of two energy flows, from the input channels and from the rarefaction side, the air stream, having passed the minimum section of the channel 8 formed by the central shell 1 and the annular front shell 2, reaches the maximum effective speed and density. That is, the kinetic energy of the flow increases sharply and this process is associated with a decrease in the enthalpy of the flow. Accordingly, with an increase in velocity, a decrease in pressure occurs in this section, the value of which is denoted by P1. This pressure will be lower than the pressure P0 in the free flow. The pressure in the outlet section of channel 9 will be below P1. Consequently, two energies also act on the air channel 8 — one from the side of the output section of the channel 9, and the other from the side of the input sections of the channels 3, 8, 9. The vectors of the effect of these energies on the flow coincide. The interaction of these energies will lead to an increase in the velocity in the output section of the first intermediate channel 8 (calculation of successively arranged Laval nozzles) and a corresponding decrease in the total pressure in this zone. The drop in the total pressure in the outlet section of the air channel 8 is compensated by the high flow rate and the moment of forces acting on the turbine 10 located in the channel 8, mechanically connected to the generator 11. The kinetic energy on the turbine 10 is the available work, which will be converted into rotation of the turbine 10 and associated electric generators 11. In areas with reduced wind speed, the power plant is equipped with primary flow accelerators 12, designed to locally accelerate the flow, feed taken into the input sections of channels 3, 8 and 9.

The processes of energy conversion in the installation channels are identical to the processes occurring in Laval nozzles, and the minimum flow pressure in the working zone of the turbine 10 will be equal to P2 = 0.528 Po or slightly higher, depending on the speed of free flow. Air turbines are operable even with minor pressure drops, and the installation will operate at free air flow velocities Vo = 5 ... 6 m / s.

Claims (5)

1. A wind power installation comprising a turbine mechanically coupled to a generator, a central shell, an annular front shell with an inlet channel, forming a small diffuser outlet channel with a central shell, an annular outer shell forming a large diffuser-confuser channel with a central shell, and an additional annular a shell forming with the outer surfaces of the front and central shells the tapering-expanding first intermediate channel communicating with the small part m diffuser outlet channel, and with the inner surface of the outer shell - the second intermediate channel, communicating together with the first intermediate channel with a large diffuser-confuser channel, characterized in that the turbine is mechanically connected to the generator, located in the intermediate channel formed by a Central and additional annular shells. 2. Wind power installation according to claim 1, characterized in that its inlet channels are equipped with primary accelerators of air flow. 3. Wind power installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its shells are equipped with additional air intake channels. 4. Wind power installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that its shells are equipped with additional ejector channels. 5. Wind power installation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that its channels are equipped with devices for swirling the flow.