RU2225011C2 - Method of centralized remote control over process of supply of electric energy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric measurement technology, metering of consumed electric energy. SUBSTANCE: technical result of invention lies in design of economically profitable system of centralized remote operational control over process of supply of electric energy to users in urban and regional electric networks from single center over radio channel which makes it feasible to supply each individual user with quantity of electricity specified for him. Special metering device carrying its individual number is installed at each user and is controlled over radio channel from center. It measures quantity of consumed electricity and compares it with quantity allocated to user by command from control center, disconnects or connects users' networks to power supply system. EFFECT: design of economically profitable centralized remotely controlled power supply system. 111 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to electrical engineering for electricity metering. The method can be used by regional power supply organizations for the supply of electric energy to consumers in a predetermined quantity and allows you to control the process of supply from a single center via a radio channel.

 A known method of accounting for consumed electrical energy without limiting the quantity with measuring its value by a meter and subsequent payment according to accumulated indications (see. Minin V.P. Measurement of electricity. M .: Energy, 1974).

 The disadvantages of this method and devices that implement it are: the inability to supply electricity in a given amount; the impossibility of centralized remote shutdown and connection of the subscriber load circuit; the difficulty of monitoring the timing of payment of the cost of electricity consumed; low security of the result of measuring electrical energy in the event of intentional distortion.

 A known method of accounting for electric energy with advance or subsequent payment by recording information on the amount of electricity supplied to the carrier in the form of electronic or magnetic cards, transferring information from the card to a meter that calculates the amount of electricity consumed and disconnects the subscriber load circuits or sets a power limit for consumption the released quantity, and a device for its implementation in the form of a counter containing voltage and current sensors connected to a multiplier-converter, the output of which is connected to the microprocessor, a random access memory, a prepayment device and a directional button connected to the microprocessor, the output of which is connected to the display, and a switching device in the form of a vacuum switch, the control drive of which is connected to the microprocessor (RU patent 2106644, cl G 01 R 11/00, 1998; RU patent 2098835, class G 01 R 22/00, 1997).

 The disadvantages of this method of accounting for electricity and devices that implement it are: the impossibility of operational centralized management of the process of electricity consumption, disconnection and inclusion of load circuits of subscribers; the complexity of organizational and technical measures for entering information from cards; the requirement of certain skills and training from the subscriber when operating this device; low level of protection against unauthorized interference and forgery of cards.

 A known method of accounting for electricity with prepayment or subsequent payment and devices for its implementation, characterized in that the transmission of control signals and information on the consumed amount of electricity is carried out through a communication line, which is used as a telephone line or wires of an electric network (GB patent 2096370, cl. G 01 F 1/56, 1982; US patent 5627759, CL G 01 R 19/165, 1997).

 The disadvantages of this method of electricity metering are: the high cost of the device and the infrastructure necessary for its implementation; low reliability of communication channels.

 The main task to which the invention is directed is to create a cost-effective system of centralized remote operational control of the process of supplying electricity to subscribers of city and regional electric networks, which will allow each individual consumer to release electricity in a quantity set for him. In such systems, the most important part is the communication channel between the control center and consumer measuring control devices.

The channels used can be divided in the direction of information flow:
- bidirectional (control commands are received from the center to the subscriber devices, and information on the amount of electricity consumed and other parameters is transmitted from the subscriber devices to the center);
- unidirectional from subscriber devices to the center (only information on the amount of electricity consumed and other parameters is transmitted);
- unidirectional from the center to subscribers (control commands are received).

 The first two types of communication channels are either economically disadvantageous, since they require the creation of a complex infrastructure and the presence of a transmitting unit in a subscriber unit, or they are not reliable and do not meet the requirements of centralized management.

 The third type of channel is more promising, since it does not require the transfer of information from the subscriber to the center, which allows to reduce the cost of the subscriber device and reduce infrastructure costs.

 In the proposed method for management uses a unidirectional radio channel with the transmission of control information from the center to the subscribers.

 The method of centralized remote control of the process of supplying electricity consists in creating a system consisting of a central control point, a radio transmitting device and subscriber monitoring devices.

 Each individual consumer is connected to the electric network through a subscriber monitoring device, which has its own identification number (device address), is controlled via a unidirectional radio channel from the center, measures the amount of electricity consumed, compares it with the amount of electricity allowed for consumption specified for this consumer by a command from control center, disconnects or connects the consumer circuit to the power supply. This method differs from the closest analogs in that a unidirectional radio channel is used as the operational control channel of the subscriber monitoring device, through which commands are sent individually from each control center for each subscriber monitoring device, each subscriber monitoring device has an identification number and executes commands directed only to him.

 Subscribers of the power supply system pre-purchase the required amount of electricity or order it on credit from the supplier.

The supplier keeps track of the amount of electricity purchased or ordered and generates commands for the corresponding subscriber monitoring devices, indicating in the command the identification number of the device for which it is intended. Commands are transmitted over the air. The minimum set required for managing subscriber devices consists of the following commands:
- connecting the subscriber load circuit to the electric network;
- disconnection of the subscriber load circuit from the electric network;
- increase the amount of electricity sold.

 The team, at a minimum, consists of the fields of the identification number of the subscriber monitoring device, the command code and data on the amount of electricity supplied.

 Each subscriber monitoring device consists of at least the following units: a control unit, a command radio unit, a unit for measuring consumed electricity, a unit for a power supply circuit breaker, and an indication unit.

 The subscriber monitoring device receives commands transmitted over the radio channel from the control center, executes commands transmitted for it, increases the remaining amount of electricity allowed for consumption by the amount transmitted in the command, calculates the amount of electricity consumed from the measured instantaneous voltage and current in the load circuit for the time interval between measurements, subtracts it from the remainder of the amount of electricity allowed for consumption. When this balance is reduced to a predetermined limit, the subscriber unit disconnects the load circuit from the power supply network. Further inclusion of the load circuit is only possible upon receipt of a command to increase the amount of electricity supplied.

 Commands to disconnect and enable the load circuit are needed to solve the problems of network maintenance, for example, disconnecting consumers in order to reduce the power consumption of the power system or to carry out repair and maintenance work.

 Due to the listed set of features, the proposed method of supplying electricity provides greater efficiency, centralization and flexibility of management, as well as more reliable, simple to implement and cost-effective than known. In particular, since a radio channel is used as a control channel, it is possible to remotely control each consumer of electricity without constructing special wired communication channels or data transmission channels superimposed on the electric network.

 Using the proposed method will solve the problem of non-payments in the power supply systems of the civilian population and enterprises, as well as stop the practice of "blackouts", which, along with non-payers, conscientious subscribers suffer from.

 The drawing shows a block diagram of a centralized remote control system for the release of electric energy that implements the claimed method, the components of which are: 1 - control center, 2 - radio transmitting device, 3 - subscriber control devices, 4 - electricity consumers, 5 - power supply network.

 The control center consists of a computer or computer network, which records electricity orders. As the radio transmitting device use any radio transmitter, for example, used for paging communication. The implementation of the subscriber monitoring device is given in RU, application 2000112242, cl. G 01 R 11/00, 2002.

 The consumer initially buys or orders on credit the amount of electricity he needs. The supplier through the control center generates a command to increase the amount of electricity supplied, indicates in it the identification number of the subscriber monitoring device and the amount of electricity allowed for consumption, sends the command via radio to the radio. The corresponding subscriber monitoring device receives a command, increases the amount of electricity allowed for consumption by the amount indicated in the command, connects the consumer's circuits to the power supply network. The consumer consumes electricity, and the subscriber monitoring device measures the amount of electricity consumed and subtracts it from the amount of electricity allowed for consumption. When the amount of electricity allowed for consumption is reduced to a predetermined value, for example, to zero, the subscriber monitoring device disconnects the consumer circuit from the power supply network and warns the consumer about this with an information signal. To further connect the consumer to the mains, the process is repeated.

 Thus, the consumer is forced to constantly buy or order electricity on credit from the supplier, which leads to the fundamental elimination of non-payments. The electricity supplier centrally remotely and operatively manages the process of electricity supply, without using expensive wired communication channels and other infrastructure.

Claims (1)

The method of centralized remote control of the process of supplying electric energy, which consists in the fact that electricity consumers are connected to the supply network through subscriber monitoring devices, each of which has its own identification number, measures the amount of electricity consumed, subtracts it from the amount allowed for consumption, disconnects the consumer from the supply power supply network when reducing the amount of electricity allowed to consumption to a predetermined when it is idle, it executes control commands received from the control center, characterized in that the subscriber monitoring devices control from the center the commands transmitted via the radio channel containing the device identification number, command code and data on the amount of electricity allowed for consumption, the list of commands, at least, consists of commands for connecting / disconnecting the supply network and increasing the amount of electricity allowed for consumption, electricity consumers pre-order neo walk the amount of electricity from the supplier.