RU2214942C2 - Method of protection of submarine against wide- band mine-torpedo and device for realization of this method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: protection of submarines against torpedoes and mines, mainly wide-band torpedoes-mines. SUBSTANCE: at detection of wide-band mine-torpedo by sonar station, it is classified by means of combat information control system of submarine for generation of firing data. Then, escape maneuver is performed by changing submarine course or reversing and device with projectiles is fired and projectile are launched excluding non-destructed areas in volume of water space bounded by ellipsoid whose center is point of probable position of mine-torpedo before escape of torpedo from launching container. Device is fired before arrival of submarine to zone of destruction by mine- torpedo. Device proposed for realization of this method is located in torpedo tube. It includes case with rudders-stabilizers and data input connector. Mounted inside case are cruise engine with electric primer, power supply sources, on-board control instruments, warhead with launching sleeves where projectiles of definite numbers are located. Launching sleeves of projectiles are located in separate sections along longitudinal axis. Each projectile is provided with jet engine with electric primer which is electrically connected with on-board control instruments and explosive with electric fuse which is electrically connected with on- board control instruments. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of protection of submarine against wide-band mine-torpedo. 8 cl, 15 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of protection of submarines (PL) from torpedoes or mines, mainly from broadband min-torpedoes.

 There is a method of protecting a submarine from a broadband torpedo mine, which consists in detecting a torpedo mine, classifying it and evading it by changing the course or producing a reverse [Khvoshch V.A. Submarine tactics. - M .: Military publishing house. - 1989. - P.152].

 The disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency of the defense of submarines, since even when a submarine detects a broadband torpedo mine at the ultimate distance, the submarine, by performing an evasion maneuver, enters the affected zone with a torpedo mine, whose radius of damage is 1000 meters [Kondratovich A. A. Piyanzov G.G. Mine weapons. - M .: Military publishing house. - 1989. - S. 51-53; Yankovsky V. Mine war at sea. - Foreign military review. - 1980. - 2 - S. 72].

 The known system of anti-torpedo protection "Smerch-3", which incorporates an RBU-1000 rocket launcher, which contains parallel guides (barrels) with rockets placed in them, each of which is equipped with a jet engine with an electric fuse and explosive (BB) with an electric fuse, while the electric fuse of the jet engine and the electric fuse of the explosive are electrically connected to the fire control system and the information management system [Vennikas PP Navy combat assets. - Part 2. - Anti-submarine, torpedo, mine and mine weapons. - M .: Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1978. - S. 194, 197].

 However, the known device is used to protect surface ships (NK) from torpedoes. Using it with a submarine to protect the submarine from a broadband torpedo mine will result in low efficiency of the protection of the submarine due to the inability to neutralize the torpedo mine before the torpedo leaves the launch container, since rockets will have a range of underwater that is not sufficient to destroy the torpedo mine .

 Closest to the claimed method is a method of protecting surface ships (NK) from torpedoes, which consists in detecting a torpedo, classifying it, generating firing data and firing a shot to hit a target with deep-level rocket bombs from an RBU-1000 rocket bomb [Shirokorad AB Weapons of the domestic fleet 1945-2000. - M .: Harvest Publishing House. ACT. 1945. - 2001 - S. 570-576].

 However, the known method is used to protect surface ships from torpedoes. Using it to protect submarines from broadband torpedo mines will result in low efficiency of submarine protection due to the impossibility of neutralizing a torpedo mine before the torpedo leaves the launch container, since rockets will have a range of underwater that is not enough to destroy a torpedo mine.

 Closest to the claimed device for its intended purpose and technical essence is a 81p submarine-based missile containing a hull, a mid-flight engine with an electric fuse, power sources, a warhead with an explosive and an electric fuse, airborne missile control devices that are electrically connected to an electric firing of a marching engine, an electric fuse of explosives and combat information management system (CIUS) [Vennikas PP Navy combat assets. - Part 2. - Anti-submarine, torpedo, mine and mine weapons. - M .: Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1978. - S. 165-169].

 The disadvantage of the prototype device is the low efficiency of protecting the submarine from a broadband torpedo mine, due to the low probability of the latter being neutralized before the torpedo leaves the launch container, since the prototype design assumes the presence of a concentrated charge, which does not allow forming the optimal force field of explosive charge explosions.

 Hereinafter, when describing the essence of the invention, neutralization of a broadband torpedo mine before a torpedo leaves a launch container means either the destruction of a broadband torpedo mine before a torpedo leaves a launch container by a force field of explosions of charges, or the suppression of the operation of its hydroacoustic complex (SAC) by creating around a mine torpedoes of the powerful sound field of the explosion, as well as volumetric reverberation caused by the filling of the water space with gas bubbles, and a sharp change in the temperature gradient and pressure nings.

 The technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of protecting a submarine from a broadband torpedo mine by increasing the likelihood of neutralizing a torpedo mine before the torpedo leaves the launch container.

где R_п - радиус поражения подводной лодки широкополосной миной-торпедой, м;
σ_д- суммарная среднеквадратическая ошибка по дистанции, м;
V_пл - скорость уклоняющейся подводной лодки, м/с;
V_y - скорость устройства, м/с.This is achieved by the fact that in the method of protecting a submarine from a broadband torpedo mine, which consists in detecting a torpedo mine, classifying it, generating firing data and firing a shot, they evade and fire a device that carries rockets, and with the device arriving at the target a point on the further section of the path of its movement according to the program produces missiles, the epicenters of the explosions of which are simultaneously and evenly, excluding the formation of unaffected sections, are distributed in volume a space defined by an ellipsoid with half-axes _{a x, b y, c z} , which take over the center point of probable location broadband torpedo-mine to exit from the torpedo launch container. In this case, the evasion maneuver is made by changing the course of the submarine or by reverse, they fire the device until the submarine enters the affected zone by a mine-torpedo at a distance D _in , determined by the formula

where R _p - the radius of the defeat of the submarine broadband mine torpedo, m;
σ _d - total mean square error in distance, m;
V _PL - the speed of the evading submarine, m / s;
V _y - device speed, m / s.

The distance D _p from the place of firing of the device to the calculated starting point of launches by the device of rockets is determined by the formula D _p = D _in -3σ _d ; the portion of the path S _{p the} movement of the device with the launch of rockets is determined by the formula S _p = 6σ _d ; the semi-axes a _x , in _y , with _z , are determined by the formulas a _x = 3σ _d ; b _y = 3σ _k ; c _z = 3σ _g ,
where a _x is the major horizontal axis of the ellipsoid, m;
b _у - small horizontal semiaxis of an ellipsoid, m;
с _z - vertical axis of the ellipsoid, m;
σ _d - total mean square error in distance, m;
σ _to - total mean square error at the rate, m;
σ _g - total root mean square error in depth, m;
This is also achieved by the fact that in the device for protecting a submarine from a broadband torpedo mine containing a hull, a marching engine with an electric fuse, power sources, a warhead with an explosive and an electric fuse, on-board control devices that are electrically connected to an electric fuse of a marching engine, an electric fuse of an explosive substance of a combat parts and with the combat information and control system of the submarine, the warhead is made with transverse sections fan-shaped around the longitudinal axis of the device, in which They include launch cups with rockets in pairs, parallel and oppositely directed to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the device, each rocket equipped with a jet engine with an electric valve, which is electrically connected to the on-board control devices, and an explosive with an electric fuse, which is electrically connected to airborne control devices and with the combat information and control system of the submarine.

где R - расчетный радиус поражения широкополосной мины-торпеды силовым полем взрыва заряда взрывчатого вещества реактивного снаряда, м;
m - безразмерная величина, последовательно принимающая значения целых положительных чисел от нуля до

м;
n - безразмерная величина, последовательно принимающая значения целых положительных чисел от нуля до значения, соответствующего пределу перехода угла разворота секций боевой части устройства через 90^o.In this case, the sections of the launch cups of rockets are deployed in both directions with respect to the diametrical plane of the device, each at its own angle, determined by the formula

where R is the estimated radius of the broadband mine torpedo’s destruction by the force field of an explosive charge of a rocket, m;
m is a dimensionless quantity that sequentially takes the values of positive integers from zero to

m;
n is a dimensionless quantity that sequentially takes values of positive integers from zero to a value corresponding to the limit of the transition of the angle of rotation of the sections of the warhead of the device through 90 ^o .

 Each explosive electric fuse has an explosion delay line after firing rockets, which can be made in the form of an R-C cell with a specific capacitor C and a total resistance R in the tuning resistor circuit.

 Externally, the claimed device can be made in the form of a submarine-based missile. It is located in the torpedo tube (TA) of the submarine, fully equipped and ready to fire.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a diagram of the protection of submarines from broadband torpedo mines; figure 2 - the area of the affected water space bounded by an ellipsoid with semi-axes a _x , in _y , with _z ; in FIG. 3 - General view and layout of the claimed device (rocket); in Figs. 4-12, the cross sections of the rocket, respectively, along A-A, B-B, B-V, G-D, D-D, E-E, ZH-Z, ZZ, II; in Fig.13 - launch cup in the context; on Fig - General view and layout of a rocket; on Fig (a, b) is a wiring diagram of the delay line of the explosion of an electric fuse of a remote type of explosive of a rocket [PM Tereshchuk and other Handbook of amateur radio, Part 2, ed. "Equipment". - Kiev, 1971, p.664].

 Table 1 shows the technical characteristics of the sections and rockets, as well as the values of capacitance and resistance for each rocket of one of the specific examples; Table 2 shows the missile launch program.

 The device comprises (Fig. 3) a casing 1 with stabilizer rudders 2 and a data input connector 3. A marching engine 4 with an electric fuse 5, power supplies 6, on-board control devices 7, a warhead 8 with launch cups 9, in which there are rockets of 10 (in a specific example there are 100 of them) of strictly defined numbers (Table 2).

 Launchers 9 rockets placed in separate sections 11 (in this case, 9) along the longitudinal axis of the device. Each section has a different but even number of launch cups arranged in pairs in mutually opposite directions parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the device. Sections of launch cups are fan-shaped deployed around the longitudinal axis of the device on both sides of the diametrical plane of the device, each at its own angle, determined by the formula (2) above.

Inside each launch cup (Fig. 13) at an angle of 30 ^° , U-shaped cuts 12 are made to give the initial rotational movement to the missile at the time of its launch.

The missile 10 (Fig. 14) contains a housing 13 with an elliptical head 14, a cylindrical middle 15 and a tapered tail 16 parts. Outside of the shell of the projectile, there are 4 stabilizers 17 mounted on its tail part, which are rotated at an angle of 3.5 ^° to the longitudinal axis of the projectile in the direction of helical U-shaped rifling of the launch cup to impart rotational movement to the rocket after it leaves the launch cup. On the stabilizers, cylindrical adjustments 18 are made, which are included in the screw U-shaped grooves 12 of the launch cup 9 when a missile 10 is placed in it, and one of the adjustments is mechanically connected to the contact of the loss of hard coupling PZhS ₁ (Fig. 15, a) and the other to PZhS ₂ (fig.15, b).

 Each shell is equipped with a jet engine 19 with an electric fuse 20, an explosive substance 21 with an electric fuse (EV) 22 of the remote principle of operation and a contact fuse 23 (the latter is designed to undermine the explosive projectile in case of impact on a broadband mine body).

 The jet engine of the projectile has a nozzle with a certain area of critical 24 and output 25 sections and is equipped with solid fuel 26 of a certain mass. The electric fuse 22 of the explosive 21 has an explosion delay line, made according to the scheme shown in Fig.15.

 The inventive method and device is implemented as follows (Fig.1-15).

A submarine mine detection station (GASM PL) detects a broadband mine torpedo at point “O”, classifies it and, using the submarine’s combat information and control system, produces firing data that is continuously input through the data input connector 3 into the airborne devices 7 control the device, which is located in the torpedo tube (TA) submarine, fully equipped and ready to fire. A maneuver of the submarine’s evasion is made and a device is fired from a submarine TA carrying missiles, with the danger of a submarine entering the affected zone by a broadband torpedo mine (Fig. 1, a circle with a radius R _p ) at a distance D _in , determined by the above formula (1). In this case, the device neutralizes the mine-torpedo before the submarine enters the affected area with a broadband mine-torpedo.

 When the device exits, the stabilizer bars 2 are opened, the main engine 4 is started, and the device, controlled by the on-board devices 7, is sent to the broadband mine torpedo (Fig. 2).

With the arrival of the device at the calculated point, the distance to which (from the place of firing the device) is calculated by the CIU according to the formula D _p = D _in -3σ _d , on the section of the further path of the rocket S _p = 6σ _{d, the} on-board devices 7 generate a command to execute the missile launch program shells according to table 2. To solve this problem, the on-board control devices of the device have a digital computing device (not shown) that provides signals (power supply) from the power sources 6 to the electric valve 20 of the jet engine 19 of each projectile of the section, depending on the time of its launch.

With the supply of electrical power from sources 6 to the electric fuse 20 of the jet engine 19 of the projectile 10, solid fuel 26 is ignited (VI-M fuel can be used) and the resulting gases flow out through the critical 24 and 25 outlet nozzle sections, thereby launching the rocket 10. With the beginning of the movement of the rocket in the launch cup, the contact of the loss of the rigid connection PZhS ₁ (Fig. 15, a) switches from position 1-2 to position 3-4. In this case, the voltage across the capacitor is applied to the base of the transistor T, as a result of which the collector current increases sharply and the relay P is activated. Its normally closed contact K opens. With the exit of the projectile from the launch cup 9, the contact PZhS _{2 is} closed (Fig. 15, b). At the same time, the discharge of capacitor C begins, the negative voltage at the base gradually decreases and reaches a value at which the collector current decreases so that it becomes insufficient to hold the relay armature. A normally closed contact K of the relay closes and the electric current from the power source is supplied to a remote-type EV (Fig. 15, b), as a result of which a projectile will undermine at a certain point in the water at the same time as all projectiles fired by the device will be detonated. In this case, the epicenters of explosions are simultaneously and evenly, excluding the formation of unaffected areas, distributed in the volume of the water space bounded by an ellipsoid with semi-axes a _x = 3σ _d ; b _y = 3σ _k ; c _z = 3σ _g . For the center of the ellipsoid take the point "O" of the likely location of the broadband torpedo mine until the torpedo leaves the launch container of the torpedo mine (figure 2).

 The simultaneity and uniformity of the distribution of the epicenters of rocket explosions in a specified volume of water space is achieved by launching rockets at different angles, in different quantities at certain intervals (certain intervals of the device’s travel path), and rockets themselves have different distances and times passage due to different masses of solid fuel of jet engines, different areas of the critical and output sections of their nozzles, as well as different e by capacitors and the total resistance values of the delay circuits for the operation of electric fuses of explosives (Table 1).

 The time intervals between the launch of rockets and the delay time of the explosion are generated by the CIU, and the change in the time of the delay in the explosion can be carried out by changing the resistance on the resistor R by an electric motor D electrically connected to the CIU.

 The proposed method allows to increase the effectiveness of protecting a submarine from a broadband torpedo mine by increasing the probability of its neutralization before the torpedo leaves the launch container.

где Р - вероятность того, что широкополосная мина-торпеда окажется в поражаемом объеме водного пространства, ограниченного эллипсоидом с полуосями a_x = 3σ_д; b_у = 3σ_к; c_z = 3σ_г,
Ф - функция Лапласа;
Р=Ф(6)(Ф(6)(Ф(6).The probability of neutralization of a broadband torpedo mine by the dispersed explosive charges of rockets carried by the proposed device is determined by the formula [A. Sovetnikov Probability theory and its application for solving problems of the Navy. - L .: Military Publishing. - 1968]

where P is the probability that the broadband mine torpedo will be in the affected volume of water, limited by an ellipsoid with half axes a _x = 3σ _d ; b _y = 3σ _k ; c _z = 3σ _g ,
Ф - Laplace function;
P = Φ (6) (Φ (6) (Φ (6).

Determining the values of the Laplace function according to Table 2 [Wenzel E.S. Probability theory. - M.: State. ed. physical - mat. literature. - 1962], we obtain: P = 0.99999 ... • 0.99999 ... • 0.99999 ... ≈1,
that is, a practically reliable coverage of a broadband torpedo mine is carried out or, in other words, a torpedo mine will be in the affected area with a probability close to unity. Such a probability, corresponding to the probability of neutralizing a broadband torpedo mine before the submarine enters the affected area by a mine-torpedo, and therefore before the torpedo leaves the launch container, allows the submarine to avoid being hit by a broadband mine-torpedo, even if the submarine is temporarily in the affected area.

Claims (5)

 1. A method of protecting a submarine from a broadband torpedo mine, which consists in detecting a torpedo mine, classifying it, generating firing data and firing a shot, characterized in that they evade and fire rockets carrying rockets, and with the device arriving at the target a point on a section of its path of movement is carried out by firing rockets, the epicenters of explosions of which are simultaneously and evenly, excluding the formation of unaffected sections, distributed in the body of water, identified by an ellipsoid, the center of which is the point of the probable location of the mine torpedo before the torpedo exits the launch container.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the evasion maneuver is carried out by changing the course of the submarine or by reverse. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the device is fired before the submarine enters the affected zone by a mine-torpedo at a distance D _in , determined by the formula

where R _p - the radius of the defeat of the submarine mine-torpedo, m;
σ _d - total mean square error in distance, m;
V _PL - the speed of the evading submarine, m / s;
V _у - device speed, m / s. 4. The method according to p. 1 or 3, characterized in that the distance D _p from the place of firing of the device to the estimated point of the start of launches by the device of rockets is determined by the formula
D _p = D _at -3σ _d .
5. The method according to p. 1 or 3, characterized in that the section of the path S _p movement of the device with the launch of rockets is determined by the formula
S _p = 6σ _d .
6. The method according to p. 1 or 3, characterized in that the semi-axes a _x , b _y , c _{z of the} ellipsoid are determined by the formulas
α _x = 3σ _d ; b _y = 3σ _k ;
c _z = 3σ _g ,
where σ _to - total mean square error at the rate, m;
σ _g - total root mean square error in depth, m;
7. A device for protecting a submarine from a broadband torpedo mine, comprising a hull, a mid-flight engine with an electric fuse, power sources, a warhead with an explosive and an electric fuse, on-board control devices that are electrically connected to an electric fuse of a marching engine, an electric explosive of a warhead and a warhead information and control system of the submarine, characterized in that the warhead is made with transverse sections, fan-shaped deployed around the longitudinal axis of the devices and, in which launchers with rockets are placed in pairs, parallel and oppositely directed to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the device, each rocket is equipped with a jet engine with an electric valve, which is electrically connected to the onboard control devices, and an explosive with an electric fuse, which is electrically connected to the onboard control devices and to the combat information and control system of the submarine. 8. The device according to p. 7, characterized in that the rotation angle α $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{m}}{\text{n}}$ each section of the warhead of the device with respect to its diametrical plane in both directions is determined by the formula

where R is the estimated radius of the broadband mine torpedo’s destruction by the force field of an explosive charge of a rocket, m;
m is a dimensionless quantity that sequentially takes the values of positive integers from zero to

m;
n is a dimensionless quantity that sequentially takes values of positive integers from zero to a value corresponding to the limit of the transition of the angle of rotation of the sections of the warhead of the device through 90 ^o .

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