RU2204326C2 - Method and acoustic catheter for carrying out acoustic therapy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves creating ultrasonic oscillations with J_o = 0,2-0,6 W/cm^-2 intensity in continuous mode with 6-10 procedures long treatment course. Catheter is introduced into the urinary bladder waiting until the catheter is filled with urine or filling it with medicament liquid. Wave guide distribution of ultrasonic oscillations is built by exciting them from the external side of the catheter with 1 to 5 min duration and working frequency of f_o, that is selected when sound velocity in catheter rubber is greater than sound velocity in the liquid filling the catheter within the limits of inequality

. The sound velocity in catheter rubber being less than sound velocity in the liquid filling the catheter, f_o is selected within the limits defined by inequality

where ρ_o, C_o - is the density and sound velocity in the liquid filling the catheter, respectively. α is the catheter radius, ρ_rub is the density of rubber the catheter is made of, h_rub is the catheter tube rubber wall thickness. E and Y are Young modulus and Poisson modulus of the material the catheter is made of. Catheter has high frequency oscillator, high frequency ultrasonic radiator, concentrator mechanically connected to the catheter. The concentrator has cylindrical steps. Thinner cylinder length 1₁ is selected depending on entering external end of the catheter and its cross-section area is S₁ = πα², and thicker cylinder length 1₂ is selected from condition

, where V is the sound velocity in concentrator material, S₂ is the thicker cylinder cross-section area calculated from formula

, where ξ_osz is the oscillation speed of the radiator end and J_O is the therapeutic ultrasonic action intensity. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, and more particularly to ultrasound therapy.

 The desired result is to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system of a person.

 A known method of treating patients with chronic cystitis, cystalgia, prostatitis, disorders of the innervation of the genitourinary system using ultrasound. With this method, ultrasonic vibrations are created in the area of the bladder through the skin and fat integument [V.T. Karpinsky, N.I. Nesterov, D.L. Novel. Ultrasound therapy of patients with chronic prostatitis. - Q. balneology. -1977, 3, p. 75-77].

 The disadvantage of the analogue method is the lack of treatment effectiveness.

Closest to the proposed method is the method described in the book under the editorship of prof. V.M. Bogomolova. Technique and methods of physiotherapeutic procedures. Directory. - M .: Medicine, 1983, - p. 243, second paragraph above. According to this method, in the treatment of diseases of the bladder, ultrasonic vibrations are created at a frequency of 880 kHz; the effect they produce on the abdomen in the supral region; the intensity is selected at 0.2-0.6 W / cm ^-2 , continuous or pulsed mode, labile technique, contact method. The duration of the procedure is 5-10 minutes daily or every other day, for the course of treatment is 8-10 procedures.

 The disadvantage of the prototype method is its lack of effectiveness in the treatment of diseases of the bladder.

 A known ultrasonic instrument (SU 1507352 A1, 09/15/1999), containing a series-connected generator of high-frequency electric oscillations, a high-frequency emitter with the end of which is mechanically connected to a hub and mounted on it a flexible waveguide in the form of a catheter.

 The disadvantage of the prototype device is the lack of effectiveness of its use.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the therapeutic effects of ultrasound on diseased tissue of the patient's bladder. When using the invention, ultrasonic radiation is produced directly in the patient’s bladder by transforming acoustic vibrations into the bladder through an ultrasonic waveguide, which uses a catheter.

где ρ_o, С_о - плотность и скорость звука в жидкости, заполняющей катетер соответственно,
α - радиус катетера,
ρ_рез - плотность резины, из которой выполнен катетер,
h_рез - толщина резиновой стенки трубки катетера,
если скорость звука в резине катетера меньше скорости звука в среде, то рабочая частота f_o ограничена неравенством

где Е и Y - модули Юнга и Пуассона в материале катетера.The proposed method of acoustic therapy for diseases of the bladder, as well as the prototype method, includes the creation of ultrasonic vibrations with an intensity of J _o = 0.2-0.6 W / cm ² in a continuous mode with a treatment course of 8-10 procedures. The following additional operations are introduced into the method: insertion of a catheter into the bladder, filling the catheter with either urine or treatment fluid, performing waveguide propagation of ultrasonic vibrations inside the catheter when these vibrations are excited from the outside of the catheter with a duration of 1 to 5 minutes during 8-10 procedures per course, moreover, if the speed of sound in the rubber of the catheter is greater than the speed of sound in the medium, then ultrasonic excitation is carried out at a frequency f _o , limited by the inequality

where ρ _o , With _{about the} density and speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter, respectively,
α is the radius of the catheter,
ρ _res - the density of the rubber from which the catheter is made,
h _cut - the thickness of the rubber wall of the catheter tube,
if the speed of sound in the rubber of the catheter is less than the speed of sound in the medium, then the operating frequency f _{o is} limited by the inequality

where E and Y are Young and Poisson modules in the catheter material.

 An acoustic catheter, like a prototype device, contains a high-frequency ultrasonic emitter connected in series, the concentrator is mechanically connected to the catheter.

где V - скорость звука в материале концентратора,
S₂ - площадь поперечного сечения цилиндра рассчитывается по формуле:

где ξ_кер - колебательная скорость торца излучателя,
J_o - терапевтическая интенсивность ультразвукового воздействия.The operating frequency of the generator f _{o is} chosen within the inequality (1) when the speed of sound in the catheter rubber is greater than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter, and within the inequality (2) when the speed of sound in catheter rubber is less than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter. The concentrator is made with cylindrical rods, while the length of the thinner cylinder l _{1 is} chosen along the length of the inlet outer end of the catheter and its cross section S ₁ = πα ² , and the length of the thicker cylinder l _{2 is} chosen from the condition

where V is the speed of sound in the material of the concentrator,
S ₂ - the cross-sectional area of the cylinder is calculated by the formula:

where ξ _ker is the vibrational velocity of the end face of the emitter,
J _o - therapeutic intensity of ultrasonic exposure.

 Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an acoustic catheter.

 Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a rod ultrasonic emitter with a concentrator and catheter.

An acoustic catheter contains a series-connected high-frequency generator (1), a high-frequency ultrasonic emitter (2), a concentrator 3 is mechanically connected to the catheter (4). The operating frequency f _{o of the} generator 1 is chosen within the inequality (1) when the speed of sound in the rubber of the catheter 4 is greater than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter, and within the inequality (2) when the speed of sound in the rubber of the catheter 4 is less than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter, the concentrator 3 is made with cylindrical rods, while the length of the thinner cylinder l _{1 is} chosen along the length of the inlet outer end of the catheter 4 and its cross section S ₁ = πα ² , and the length of the thicker cylinder l _{2 is} chosen from condition (3), the area cross section A thicker cylinder is calculated by formula 4.

The operation of the acoustic boat is as follows. The high-frequency generator 1 creates electrical vibrations at a frequency f _o selected according to inequality (1). These oscillations are transmitted through a high-frequency cable 6 to a high-frequency ultrasonic rod emitter 2, the oscillations of which excite a concentrator 3, which in turn excites fluid in the catheter’s waveguide 4. Ultrasonic vibrations through the catheter’s waveguide 4 enter the bladder.

 When using a catheter 4 as a waveguide, which transmits ultrasonic vibrations to the bladder from an external high-frequency ultrasonic emitter 2, it is necessary to ensure that the wave propagation in it does not depend on its straight axis or curved. Such a phenomenon is observed only in narrow acoustic tubes, in which in all cases the pressure and particle velocity remains almost constant over the entire cross section of the narrow tube and depend only on one coordinate — the distance measured along the narrow tube.

Circular pipe of radius α <0.61χ,
where χ is the wavelength in the fluid filling the narrow pipe.

где С_о - скорость звука в жидкости, заполняющей трубу.Therefore, the operating frequency f _o must satisfy the condition

where C _o is the speed of sound in the fluid filling the pipe.

 In pipes with ductile walls, acoustic pressure will cause not only compression of the medium, but also changes in the cross section of the pipe.

For rubber pipes, it is advisable to consider two cases:
1) for rubbers in which the wave velocity in the rubber is greater than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the pipe;
2) for rubbers in which the speed of waves in rubber is less than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the pipe
If the wave velocity in the pipe material is greater than the speed of sound in the medium filling the pipe, then the propagation of sound in such a pipe is not possible at all frequencies: below the critical frequency, the wave is inhomogeneous, changing exponentially along the waveguide, and the oscillations in it occur in phase at all points. At frequencies above the critical wave propagates.

At the critical point, the phase velocity is infinite and then monotonically decreases with increasing frequency, tending to the speed of sound in an unlimited medium С _о [M.A. Isakovich. General acoustics. - M .: Nauka, 1973.-S.202-220].

Теперь рассмотрим случай выполнения катетера 4 из резины, скорость волны в которой меньше скорости звука в среде, заполняющей трубку.Thus, the second limitation on the operating frequency f _o has the form

Now we consider the case of a catheter 4 made of rubber, the wave velocity of which is less than the speed of sound in the medium filling the tube.

 For such a tube, the frequency range at which the tube can be considered narrow will be the radial resonance of the tube at which the wall conductivity goes to infinity.

 At frequencies below resonance, the conductivity will have the character of elasticity, and at frequencies above resonance it will have the character of mass.

Требуется обеспечить заданную интенсивность J_o при радиусе трубки α, т. е. на площади S_o = πα². Тогда, чтобы обеспечить заданную интенсивность требуется создать колебательную скорость

где ξ_o - колебательная скорость в среде катетера.With radial vibrations of the pipe under the influence of harmonious internal pressure P, the side walls of the pipe can be considered an oscillatory system in which the mass of the wall is the mass element, and the elastic force creates a tensile shell with a change in its radius. In this case, the operating frequency f _o lies for a catheter 4 made of rubber with a sound speed lower than in the medium, within

It is required to provide a given intensity J _o with the tube radius α, i.e., on the area S _o = πα ² . Then, in order to ensure a given intensity, it is necessary to create an oscillatory velocity

where ξ _o is the vibrational velocity in the catheter.

The increase in vibrational speed was achieved using a concentrator 3 step type using two connected rods with cross-sectional areas S ₁ and S ₂ .

на частоту f_o [Н.Н, Теумин. Ультразвуковые колебательные системы, - М.: Машиздат,-1959. - С.217].For different lengths l ₁ and l ₂ , if l _{2 is} chosen for reasons of constructing an acoustic catheter 4, then

on the frequency f _o [N.N, Teumin. Ultrasonic oscillatory systems, - M .: Mashizdat, -1959. - S.217].

Для обеспечения терапевтической интенсивности J_o необходимо, чтобы

Следовательно, необходимо выбрать

Были проведены клинические исследования, которые показали, что у пациентов после курса лечения наблюдается снятие болевого синдрома, происходило уменьшение воспалительных и спастических явлений, восстанавливался диурез, улучшался состав мочи.As is known, the gain for the amplitude of the vibrational velocity

To ensure therapeutic intensity J _o it is necessary that

Therefore, you must choose

Clinical studies were carried out, which showed that in patients after the course of treatment, pain was relieved, inflammatory and spastic phenomena decreased, diuresis was restored, and urine composition improved.

 Thus, the acoustotherapy method and the acoustic catheter solve the required problem of the invention.

 The construction of generator 1 is known from the practice of acoustic measurements. The construction of ultrasonic rod emitters 2 is known from the practice of hydroacoustics (see, for example, Underwater electroacoustic transducers. Calculation and design .: Reference book (V.V. Bogoroditsky et al. -L .: Sudostroenie, 1983, 248 p., P. 97- 100)). Ultrasonic concentrators 3 are known, for example, from the book of N.N. Theumin Ultrasonic oscillatory systems. - M .: Mashizdat, -1959. - 331 p. Catheter 4 is used commercially available.

Claims (2)

1. The method of acoustic therapy for diseases of the bladder, comprising creating ultrasonic vibrations with an intensity of J _o = 0.2-0.6 W / cm ^-2 in continuous mode with a course of treatment of 6-10 procedures, characterized in that a catheter is inserted into the bladder , they wait for the catheter to be filled with urine, or fill it with a treatment fluid, perform waveguide distribution of ultrasonic vibrations in the fluid, exciting them from the outside of the catheter with a duration of 1 to 5 minutes with an operating frequency f _o , which is greater at the speed of sound in the catheter’s rubber the speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter is chosen within the inequality

and when the speed of sound in the rubber of the catheter is less than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter, f _about choose within the inequality

where ρ _o , With _{about the} density and speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter, respectively;
α is the radius of the catheter;
ρ _res - the density of the rubber from which the catheter is made;
h _rez - thickness of the rubber wall of the catheter tube;
E and Y are respectively Young's and Poisson's modules of the material from which the catheter is made. 2. An acoustic catheter containing a series-connected high-frequency generator, a high-frequency ultrasonic emitter, a concentrator mechanically connected to the catheter, characterized in that the operating frequency of the generator f _{o is} chosen within the inequality

when the speed of sound in the rubber of the catheter is greater than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter, and within the inequality

when the speed of sound in the rubber of the catheter is less than the speed of sound in the fluid filling the catheter, the concentrator is made with cylindrical steps, the length of the thinner cylinder 1 _{1 being} chosen along the length of the inlet outer end of the catheter and its cross section S ₁ = πα ² , and the length of the thicker cylinder l ₂ choose from the condition

where V is the speed of sound in the material of the concentrator;
S ₂ - the cross-sectional area of a thicker cylinder is calculated by the formula

where ξ _ker is the vibrational velocity of the end face of the emitter;
J _o - therapeutic intensity of ultrasonic exposure.

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