RU220285U1 - INNER SPRING FOR SPRING SUSPENSION - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed utility model relates to railway transport, relates to the spring suspension of three-axle bogies of freight cars and relates to the internal springs of the spring set. The technical result is decided by choosing the outer diameter (D) of the internal spring for spring suspension, which is in the range from 120.5 mm to 123.5 mm, and the diameter (d) of the rod of the internal spring for spring suspension, equal to 22 mm, installed in the spring suspension hanging under the bolster, which will make it possible to create an internal spring design, while the spring is designed to be used in triaxial bogies with a calculated static axial load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf, will retain its operational properties and will not be destroyed. The internal spring for spring suspension is twisted cylindrical, containing working and support coils, made with a free height in the range from 271 mm to 262 mm, characterized in that it has a rod diameter of 22 mm, an outer diameter ranging from 120.5 mm up to 123.5 mm, and the pitch of the spring turns (t), defined as the ratio of the difference between the height of the spring in the free state (H _St ) and the diameter (d) of the spring rod to the number of working turns of the spring, is in the range from 30.97 mm to 32 ,13 mm, while the spring is designed for use in triaxial bogies with a calculated static axial load ranging from 27 tf to 30 tf. 3 salary f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The claimed utility model relates to railway transport, relates to the spring suspension of three-axle bogies of freight cars and relates to the internal springs of the spring set.

From the prior art, from the Internet (see Fig. 1, 2 and 3), the design of a spring for spring suspension is known, internal twisted cylindrical with a free height of 265 mm, with an outer diameter of 126 mm (publication date 11/28/2021), links:

https://egdk.ru/pruzhina-vnutrennyaya-522-30-002;

https://web.archive.org/web/20211101000000*/https://egdk.ru/pruzhina-vnutrennyaya-522-30-002;

https://web.archive.org/web/20211128144940/https://egdk.ru/pruzhina-vnutrennyaya-522-30-002.

The disadvantage of this spring is the loss of the operational properties of the spring when it is used in a three-axle bogie of a freight car with a calculated static axial load ranging from 27 tf to 30. This conclusion follows from the fact that this spring has an outer diameter of 126 mm. It has been experimentally established that when used in a three-axle bogie of a freight car with a calculated static axial load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf, the internal spring with the above geometric dimensions will touch the coils and further destroy it, which indicates the low strength of this spring . If the spring breaks, the spring suspension will lose its working damping capacity, which during operation will adversely affect the bogie and the railway car as a whole. In addition, the destruction of the spring during its operation can lead to an emergency situation, including the derailment of the railway rolling stock.

This technical solution was adopted as a prototype.

The technical problem is to develop the design of an internal spring for spring suspension, devoid of the above disadvantage.

The technical result is decided by choosing the outer diameter (D) of the internal spring for spring suspension, which is in the range from 120.5 mm to 123.5 mm, and the diameter (d) of the rod of the internal spring for spring suspension, equal to 22 mm, installed in the spring suspension hanging under the bolster, which will make it possible to create an internal spring design for a three-axle bogie of a railway car with a calculated static axial load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf, which will retain its operational properties and will not collapse. The interval from 120.5 mm to 123.5 mm was selected empirically and is due to the average diameter of the internal spring, selected at nominal value and equal to 122 mm, and the fact that tolerances of ±1.5 mm on the nominal average diameter of the internal spring are taken into account. Tolerances for the average diameter of the internal spring are established by GOST 1452 “Cylindrical and screw springs of bogies and shock-traction devices of railway rolling stock.”

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the internal spring for spring suspension is twisted cylindrical, containing working and support coils, made with a free height in the range from 262 mm to 271 mm, has a rod diameter of 22 mm, an outer diameter ranging from 120.5 mm to 123.5 mm, and the pitch of the spring coils (t) is defined as the ratio of the difference between the height of the spring in a free state (H _sw ) and the diameter (d) of the spring rod to the number of working coils of the spring, and is in the range from 30 .97 mm to 32.13 mm, while the spring is designed for use in triaxial bogies with a calculated static axial load ranging from 27 tf to 30 tf.

The internal spring for spring suspension can be made of spring steel grade 60S2HFA.

The internal spring for spring suspension can be made of spring steel grade 60C2A.

The internal spring for spring suspension can be made of spring steel grade 55S2-3B.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by figures.

In fig. 1, a print screen was taken from the free “Web archive” service with the publication date of the internal spring No. 522.30.002-0.

In fig. 2 and fig. 3, screenshots were taken from the free service “Web archive” with images of the internal spring No. 522.30.002-0.

In fig. 4 shows a general view of the internal spring for spring suspension.

In fig. Figure 5 shows a cross-section of an internal spring for spring suspension.

Positions on the figures:

1 - internal spring.

Below is the calculation of the pitch interval of the turns of the inner spring 1 for spring suspension.

where t is the pitch of the turns of the internal spring 1;

H _St - the height of the internal spring 1 in the free state. It was selected empirically and is in the range from 262 mm to 271 mm. The interval from 262 mm to 271 mm is determined by the height of the internal spring 1 selected at nominal value and equal to 265 mm and the fact that tolerances are taken into account: +6 mm and -3 mm for the nominal height of the internal spring 1. The tolerance for the height of the internal spring 1 is set GOST 1452 “Cylindrical and screw springs of bogies and shock-traction devices of rolling stock of railways” to the height of the internal spring 1;

d=22 mm - diameter of the rod of the internal spring 1, selected experimentally;

n _P =7.75 - working number of turns of internal spring 1.

The working number of turns of the outer spring 1 is calculated in accordance with GOST 13765-86 “Screw and cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel” and taking into account:

application in a three-axle bogie of a freight car with a calculated static axle load in the range from 27 tf to 30 tf;

nominal height outer spring 1 in a free state, equal to 265 mm;

the magnitude of the working stroke of the outer spring 1, located in the range of the height of the outer spring 1 from the height equal to 215 mm, up to a height equal to 254 mm, determined experimentally;

spring force at preliminary deformation and spring force 1 at working deformation, which are taken depending on the load of spring 1, and spring force 1 at maximum deformation, which is specified according to GOST 13765-86 “Screw and cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel” ;

the stiffness of one turn of the outer spring 1, selected according to GOST 13765-86 “Screw and cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel.”

Let us calculate the pitch of the turns of the internal spring 1 using formula (1) and at H _St = 262 mm.

t=30.97 mm.

Let's calculate the pitch of the turns of the internal spring 1 using formula (1) at N _St = 271 mm

t=32.13 mm.

Thus, the pitch of the turns of the internal spring 1 (t) is in the range from 30.97 mm to 32.13 mm.

Internal spring 1 for spring suspension can be made of spring steel grades: 60S2HFA, 60S2A, 55S2-3B. A metal that is subjected to tension or, conversely, compression (elastic deformation) after the acting forces are removed from it must remain in its original shape (without residual deformation). Therefore, spring steel grades such as: 60S2HFA, 60S2A, 55S2-3B, characterized by an increased yield strength δ _in and elasticity, allow internal springs 1 made from these steel grades to withstand mechanical loads without changing their original shape.

A pilot batch of a utility model was produced, which passed pilot tests and confirmed its advantages.

Claims (4)

1. The internal spring for spring suspension is twisted cylindrical, containing working and support coils, made with a free height in the range from 271 mm to 262 mm, characterized in that it has a rod diameter of 22 mm, an outer diameter ranging from 120, 5 mm to 123.5 mm, and the pitch of the spring turns (t), defined as the ratio of the difference between the height of the spring in a free state (H _St ) and the diameter (d) of the spring rod to the number of working turns of the spring, is in the range from 30.97 mm up to 32.13 mm, while the spring is designed for use in triaxial bogies with a calculated static axial load ranging from 27 tf to 30 tf. 2. Internal spring for spring suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of spring steel grade 60S2HFA. 3. Internal spring for spring suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of spring steel grade 60C2A. 4. Internal spring for spring suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of spring steel grade 55S2-3B.