RU2183711C2 - Method for brick-laying of wall with facing slab - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil engineering, in particular, erection of brick walls of buildings and structures, designed for heat insulation. SUBSTANCE: the method for brick-laying of wall with facing of it by slabs consists in placing of bricks on mortar in several courses and placing if facing slabs with the flange pushing against the wall. For laying use is made of facing slabs for formation of a gap between the inner surface of the slab facing section and the wall outer surface, the lower course of the facing slabs is placed in the wall with the flange down, then the brick-laying in several courses is continued, installed in the formed gap between the inner surface of the slab facing section and the outer surface of the wall is an insulating slab made of insulating, for example, heat- insulating material, and another course of facing slabs is laid. EFFECT: improved wall insulation properties due to reduced cold bridges in the joints between the facing slabs. 6 dwg

Description

 The solution relates to the construction of brick walls of buildings and structures, is intended for their thermal insulation and can be used in construction.

 Known methods of laying brick walls with a facing slab, including laying bricks on a mortar row by row next to alternating them next to facing slabs, the flanges of which are laid in the wall instead of bricks, and the slabs can be installed upward or downward. Normal. Plates are concrete front. Range of plates. H-15/4. - Kazgrazhdanproekt, 1982 [1].

 The closest method is the method of laying brick walls with cladding with plates with an insulating layer, as reflected in the description of the patent of the Russian Federation N 2138601, IPC 6 E 04 B 1/78, E 04 F 13/14, published 09/27/99, bull. N 27 [2].

 In this method, for laying walls, a cladding plate with an insulating, for example a heat-insulating layer, of a certain design, which involves the manufacture of a slab with an insulating layer placed in the cladding part and the flange, with its subsequent use in construction, is used. The dimensions of the flanges of such a slab are determined by the dimensions of the bricks used, the thickness of the insulating layer by the used insulation material and the requirements of SNiP 11-3-79 [3], Changes No. 3 to them, approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Construction of Russia on 11.08.95 for No. 18-81 [4].

 The specified method of masonry walls using an insulating cladding plate meets the requirements of existing SNiP, is very technological, cheap and perfectly meets the needs of construction, however, it requires the manufacture of a prefabricated plate that is more complicated compared to simple cladding panels [1], in addition, it does not eliminate the cold bridges in the wall, formed due to the seams between the plates, both horizontal and vertical, which affects the thermal insulation of the walls.

 The objective of the invention is to improve the insulating properties of the wall by reducing the cold bridges in the seams between the tiles.

 The problem is solved in a method of laying a brick wall with its cladding plates, with insulation, including laying bricks on the mortar in several rows and laying the cladding plates with a flange in the wall, in which cladding plates are used for masonry with the possibility of a gap between the inner surface of the cladding part of the slab and the outer the surface of the wall, the bottom row of facing slabs is laid downward into the wall, then the bricks are continued to be laid in several rows, at a height equal to one or twice the height of the inner surface In the gap between the inner surface of the cladding part of the plate and the outer surface of the wall, an insulation plate is made of insulating material, for example, heat-insulating material, polystyrene foam or others, and the other row of the cladding plate is laid with the flange up or down, respectively.

 The formation of the mentioned gap can be achieved both due to the design of the facing slab, and due to the method of laying the slab in the wall by pulling its flanges out of the wall with respect to the level of brick laying on the thickness of the insulating slab. Such a technique is undesirable, but in principle possible, especially with large flange widths and bricks used, and with thin insulation boards.

 This method of laying allows us to simplify and reduce the cost of manufacture of the facing plates themselves, and less of the main material (concrete) is required than for facing plates without insulation [1]; it is not necessary to repeatedly cut the insulating plate, which is supplied to the manufacturer of large-sized facing plates; the number of horizontal and vertical joints between the insulating plates is reduced, thereby reducing the number of cold bridges in the wall and improving the insulation of the wall as a whole. In addition, the waste of expensive heat-insulating material is reduced. For the manufacture of insulation boards according to the patent [2], rigid heat-insulating boards, such as polystyrene foam, are used; URSA-type soft plates with glass wool are not technologically advanced, and facing plates with their use are non-transportable. When tiling with the proposed method for wall insulation, it is possible to use soft insulating boards, which are inserted into the gap between the lining and the wall; deforming, an URSA-type insulating board fills all the air spaces of the gap and thereby improves the insulating properties of the wall.

 The proposed method is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-6. Figure 1 shows the facing plate with insulation according to the patent [2], figure 2 - a fragment of the wall using these facing plates in accordance with the patent [2], all plates are installed flange down, figure 3 - the design of the facing plate in according to the patent [2], but without an insulating layer, in FIG. 4 shows a fragment of a laid out wall with an already installed insulation plate, but without the second row of cladding plates; FIG. 5 is a fragment of a laid out wall with insulation and cladding; in each even row of cladding plates, the latter are laid upward. Figure 6 shows a front view of a fragment of a wall with a cladding, in which the dashed line indicates the insulating plate inserted between the brickwork (not shown) and the cladding.

 In the figures, the facing plate is indicated by 1, the insulating layer (insulation board) by 2, the wall bricks by 3.

 As can be seen from the drawings, when facing according to the proposed method (FIGS. 5, 6), the horizontal seam is completely overlapped along the horizontal line of connection of the facing plates m-n and along the entire length of the insulation plate — all the vertical joints p-q of the connection of the boards (FIG. 6). The cold bridges remain only along the vertical line at the junction of the insulating boards themselves (line g-h of Fig. 6), the number of which is the smaller, the longer the insulating board itself, and along the horizontal connection line of the claddings, shown in Fig.6 by the e-f line.

 The proposed method of wall masonry reduces cold bridges and improves the insulating properties of the wall.

Sources of information
1. Normal. Plates are concrete front. Range of plates. H-15/4. Kazgrazhdanproekt. 1982 year.

 2. RF patent N 236801, priority 23.10.98, IPC 6 E 04 C 1/00, publ. Official Bulletin No. 1998 - Prototype.

 3. SNiP 11-3-79.

 4. Changes No. 3 to SNiP 11-3-79, approved by the resolution of the Ministry of Construction of Russia on 11.08.95 for 18-81.

Claims (1)

 A method of laying a brick wall with a facing slab, with insulation, including laying bricks and laying the facing slabs with a flange in the wall, characterized in that the facing slab is installed with the possibility of creating a gap between the inner surface of the facing part of the slab and the outer surface of the brickwork, while the lower row of facing slabs are laid into the wall with the flange down, then the brickwork is continued in several rows, an insulation plate is installed in the formed gap, and then the upper row is laid d facing plates.

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