RU2170684C1 - Remote information readout system for trains - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway, road and other vehicles; freight traffic. SUBSTANCE: proposed system includes electronic marks applied to each vehicle and/or electronic marks applied to each locking-and-sealing device, network of stationary readout devices arranged along route of train for readout of information from electronic marks by radio channel, and/or at least one portable readout device providing successive readout of electronic marks located on locking-and- sealing devices and/or directly on running vehicles, transmission of received information by radio channel to dispatcher stations connected by radio channels with readout devices. Electronic marks on locking-and-sealing devices and electronic marks arranged directly on running vehicles differ in information meanings. EFFECT: improved quality and efficiency of freight traffic control and information content. 10 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to automated accounting for freight traffic by rail, as well as road and other modes of transport.

 Modern information technologies used on railways impose high requirements on the completeness, reliability and efficiency of the source data used in managing. For railway transport systems, this primarily concerns information on the transported goods and the location of the rolling stock during its passage from the departure station to the destination station.

 The proposed electronic system for remote reading of wagon numbers and electronic locking and sealing devices is designed for automated accounting of freight traffic by rail, road and other modes of transport. The system of remote reading of numbers can be applied at large railway, automobile, water, air and other large cargo and customs terminals. It provides for the removal and entry into a personal computer (PC) or other device for processing information, detailed cargo information, including numbers of cars, containers, cars, flights, dispatch station, destination station, nature of cargo and other additional information, in manual and fully automatic , i.e. without human intervention, operating modes.

 In the prior art, a system is known for remote reading of information for rolling stock, including an electronic tag located on each unit of rolling stock and containing information in encoded form, as well as a portable reading device that allows polling and reading of information for inventory of rolling stock (PCT application 87 / 02165, publ. 09.04.87). This system does not provide for the presence of stationary information reading devices located along the train in predefined monitoring locations for this, and the transfer of this information to information processing centers at the station. The design of the label does not allow it to be placed on locking and sealing devices. The whole known system cannot provide automated accounting for freight traffic, including the transfer of information about the transported goods, including the numbers of rolling stock units, the nature of the goods transported, the numbers of flights, departure and destination stations both to the information processing centers at the station and to a single control center.

 Known for the remote reading of information for rolling stock, including an electronic tag with a transmitting antenna, transmitting encoded information to stationary polling points over the air, where the signal is detected and transmitted for further processing (RU 2063895, publ. 20.07.96). This known system for the remote reading of rolling stock does not allow the reading of information in places not equipped specifically for this. In addition, in both known systems of remote reading, it is not possible to simultaneously place electronic tags on locking and sealing devices of rolling stock units and on the rolling stock units themselves and simultaneously read information from these tags both in stationary reading points of information and using portable reading devices. Also, the possibility of transmitting information to information processing centers at the station is not provided. The lack of funds to ensure such capabilities significantly reduces the quality, information content and efficiency of the control of the transport of goods by rolling stock, the control of the movement of rolling stock.

 The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality and efficiency of monitoring the transportation of goods by rolling stock and controlling the movement of rolling stock, as well as increasing the information content of the control.

 This technical result is ensured due to the fact that the remote information reading system for rolling stock includes at least one electronic tag located directly on each unit of the rolling stock, and an electronic tag placed on each locking and sealing device of each rolling stock unit, a stationary network information reading devices placed along the rolling stock track with the ability to read electronic tags information over the air , storing and transmitting via radio and / or telephone channels to a network of data processing centers at stations and to a dispatch center for processing read information and at least one portable reader that provides the ability to sequentially read electronic tags over the air, storing and transmitting read information by radio or infrared channel to a network of data processing centers at stations, with electronic tags placed directly on each individual unit of the mobile the stand and on the locking and sealing device of this unit of rolling stock are spatially separated by a distance ensuring their sequential reading by each stationary device for reading information, and the angles of the field of view of the electronic mark and the stationary information reading device are selected taking into account the distance between the indicated electronic marks and the maximum speed rolling stock, in addition, electronic tags placed on locking and sealing devices, and electronic tags and placed directly on the rolling units are different from each other on the semantic content information.

In special cases:
- each electronic tag is made passive or active, while each electronic tag includes a transceiver antenna system, a microwave unit, which is an oscillating circuit, shunted by a microwave diode, an ID chip, which is a microcircuit incorporating a programmable memory and forming device code sequence, as well as an autonomous power source;
- a stationary information reading device includes a transmitting and receiving reading system, a microwave transmitter, a microwave receiver, an information processing unit, a control system, random access memory, a means for transmitting information via a radio or telephone channel.

 As a rule, stationary devices for reading information are installed directly in the place of control of cargo flows, moreover, in one place of control is located from one or more stationary devices for reading information, while information can be transmitted to the dispatching point of information processing through an information concentrator.

 To prevent unauthorized access, information on a radio channel or telephone line is transmitted in encoded form.

In special cases:
- the information processing center at the station includes a personal computer (PC) or other means of controlling, accumulating and processing information, as well as an infrared port for receiving / transmitting information connected to a personal computer and / or means for receiving information via a radio or telephone channel;
- a portable reader includes a transceiver antenna system, a microwave transmitter, a microwave receiver, an information processing unit, random access memory, a control panel, an indication board, an infrared port, and / or a means for transmitting information over the air.

 As a rule, information on electronic tags placed on locking and sealing devices includes information on the goods transported, and information on electronic tags placed directly on units of rolling stock includes information regarding the identification of rolling stock units and the composition itself, and information about its passage through route

 The scheme of the system for remote reading of information placed on a rolling stock is illustrated by graphic materials (figures 1 and 2).

 The system includes a passive or active electronic tag 1 of a rolling stock unit (railway car number), a passive or active electronic tag 2 of a locking and sealing device, a stationary information reading device 3, a portable reading device 4, information processing centers at stations 5.

One of the main components of the system is the electronic mark 1, located on each individual unit of rolling stock. This label includes:
- transceiver antenna system 6,
- microwave unit 7, which is an oscillating circuit, shunted by a microwave diode (varactor),
- Chip identifier 8, which is a microcircuit having an RC clock generator, a programmable memory ROM device, a code sequence generation device and other service nodes,
- source 9 of autonomous power supply - a lithium battery GB, which is intended only to maintain the health of the chip ID 8 (save information in the ROM). She does not participate in the work of the remaining nodes of the electronic tag. Information is entered into the electronic tag once, during the formation of the freight train, and cannot be changed in the future, therefore, the electronic tag is used once. In addition to current information, the electronic tag also contains permanent information about its serial number, entered during its manufacture. When an electronic tag is irradiated with an external electromagnetic field at a resonant frequency, a constant voltage appears upon one of the CHIP inputs, after rectification by a varactor, sufficient for operation, and the CHIP identifier begins to generate a code sequence representing information about the factory number of the electronic tag and information, " wired "in the ROM. This code sequence, using a varactor, modulates the microwave signal and is emitted by the antenna system 6.

 The electronic tag installed in the locking and sealing device is similarly arranged, but contains information that is excellent in semantic content. For example, the information on the electronic tag of locking and sealing devices includes information on the nature of the cargo being transported, and on electronic tags placed on units of rolling stock, information on the numbers of units of the rolling stock, the number of the rolling stock itself, departure and destination stations, etc. For reliable information retrieval from several, in this case two, electronic tags, the latter must be spatially separated so that in the "field of view" of the antenna system 10 of the reader 3 can be simultaneously there is only one electronic label. Varying the spatial separation of electronic tags, the angles of the "field of view" of antenna systems 6 of the electronic tag and 10 of the reader can select the maximum speed of the object on which the electronic tags are mounted.

 Thus, the energy of the electronic tag is determined only by the reradiated microwave energy of the electronic reader; the battery of the electronic tag (GB) does not take part in this, that with a small current consumption of the chip ID allows you to use the latter for a long period, about 1 year.

Stationary information reader 3 consists of:
- transceiver antenna system 10,
- microwave transmitter 11,
- microwave receiver 12,
- signal processing devices 13,
- control systems 14,
- random access memory 15,
- linear modem 16.

 Depending on the equipment of a particular terminal, the stationary information reading device 3 may include either a serial radio station 17 or an additional linear amplifier.

 A stationary information reading device is a set of stationary equipment installed directly in the place of control of cargo flows: on transport "gates" through which a controlled rolling stock or convoy of trucks passes, etc. For remote control and information reading, the stationary information reading device is additionally equipped with a radio channel, using any serial radio station with a standard telephone channel, or a physical communication line, which is a wired line that allows you to transmit a standard telephone signal.

 Information exchange between the stationary information reading device 3 and the equipment of the information processing center at station 5 can be carried out in two directions, via a standard telephone channel, using a special modem, in encrypted form, eliminating unauthorized interception and input of any information into the stationary information reading device and equipment Information processing center at the station.

 On the transport "gate" at the same time can be two, three, four or more sets of stationary devices for reading information to control passing vehicles from all necessary sides.

 According to the instructions of the equipment of the information processing center at the station, the required number of stationary information reading devices is turned on, the operation is monitored, after which the remote information reading system is ready for operation. As the cargo flow passes through the "gate", information from the electronic tag of the rolling stock unit (car or other vehicle), as well as the electronic tag of the locking and sealing device, is accumulated in the random access memory 15. Then, after the reading process is completed or at any other time time, by commands from the equipment of the information processing center at station 5, information from the random access memory 15 is read into the modem 16 and into the equipment of the information processing center at station 5, p About a radio channel or a physical (telephone) line. Data transmission to the information processing center can be carried out through an information concentrator 18, which is a unit for summing the received data, and / or storing information, and / or compressing the received information for its further transmission via communication channels.

At cargo terminals not equipped with “gates”, or in addition to them, a portable reader 4 may be used in the remote information reading system, consisting of equipment similar to the stationary information reader 5 with some modifications. A portable reader includes:
- transceiver antenna system 19,
- microwave transmitter 20,
- microwave receiver 21,
- signal processing device 22,
- radio modem 23,
- random access memory 24,
- control panel 25,
- infrared port 26.

 The operation of a portable reading device is similar to the operation of a stationary information reading device, but commands are issued by the operator directly from the front panel of the device, and information is read to a personal computer (PC) 27, or any other device, by the operator through a special, for example, infrared port 26, for which the operator needs: to come to the information processing center at the station, install a portable reader near PC 27, initialize infrared port 26 and give a command with one panel of a portable reader for reading information from random access memory 24 of a portable reader. In this case, the PC 27 information reception program should also be initialized through the serial (COM) port using the RS232 interface.

 To remove the complete information about the freight train, the operator needs to go around the train on all the sides on which the electronic tags are installed and, successively bringing the antenna system of the portable reader 4 to each electronic tag of the car and locking and sealing device, read the information into the portable reader.

The next main node of the remote information reading system is the equipment of the information processing center at station 5, which includes:
- PC 27 or other means of control, accumulation and processing of information,
- infrared port 26 receiving / transmitting information,
- means for providing the ability to receive information, for example a linear modem 28,
- standard radio station 29.

 Depending on the specific operating conditions of this cargo terminal, the last two types of equipment may not be included in the equipment of the information processing center at the station if only, for example, a portable reader is used. Information from a stationary device for reading information through a standard radio station 29 from the output of the linear amplifier included in it is fed to the input of the linear modem 28, decrypted, and then fed to the input of the infrared port, which is part of the modified tangent of the radio station. Further, the information is transmitted via the infrared beam to the infrared port 26 installed next to the PC 27, connected to the serial (COM) port and to the PC itself. The docking of the linear modem 28 with the infrared port 26 and the infrared port 26 with the PC 27 is carried out according to the standard RS232 interface. Commands for controlling a stationary device for reading information generated by a PC are transmitted along the same channel in the opposite direction, for which all the corresponding hardware nodes involved in this process are bidirectional.

 In the embodiment of the equipment of the information processing center at the ADF station with a portable reader, information is also transmitted / transmitted from / to a PC via two infrared ports, one for receiving and the other for transmitting information directly to a portable reading device. At the same time, complete information about the freight train can be transmitted from a PC on a portable reading device, including information about both the numbers of the cars and the numbers of locking and sealing devices, so that the operator, in order to simplify the processing of goods, only reads the real information, compared it with that recorded in the random access memory 24 of a portable reader. The information received in the information processing centers at the stations is working and serves to prepare working documentation on the line.

 In parallel with the transmission of information to the network of information processing centers at stations from stationary information reading devices, this information is transmitted via a telephone line (fiber-optic) to a dispatching information processing center, which provides additional control over the passage of rolling stock with the cargo being transported.

Claims (10)

 1. A system for remote reading of information for rolling stock, including at least one electronic mark placed directly on each unit of rolling stock, and / or an electronic mark placed on each locking and sealing device of each rolling stock unit, a network of stationary information reading devices, placed along the route of the rolling stock with the ability to read electronic mark information on a radio channel, memorize and transmit via radio and / or telephone channel m to a network of data processing centers at stations and to a dispatch center for processing read information and at least one portable reader that provides the ability to sequentially read electronic tags over a radio channel, storing and transmitting read information via radio or infrared channel to a network of data processing centers on stations, with electronic tags placed directly on each individual unit of rolling stock and on the locking and sealing device of this unit The rolling stock is spatially spaced to a distance that ensures their sequential reading by each stationary information reading device, the angles of the field of view of the electronic mark and the stationary reading device are selected taking into account the distance between the indicated electronic marks and the maximum speed of the rolling stock, in addition, electronic marks placed on locking and sealing devices, and electronic tags placed directly on units of rolling the rest, have information differing from each other in semantic content.  2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that each electronic tag is made passive or active.  3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that each electronic tag includes a transceiver antenna system, a microwave unit, which is an oscillating circuit, shunted by a microwave diode, an ID chip, which is a microcircuit, and a code sequence generation device.  4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that the chip of the identifier CHIP incorporates a reprogrammable memory device, as well as an autonomous power source.  5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stationary information reading device includes a transceiver antenna system, a microwave transmitter, a microwave receiver, an information processing unit, random access memory, a means for transmitting information by radio or telephone channel.  6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the stationary information reading devices are installed directly in the place of control of cargo flows, moreover, in one monitoring place is located from one or more stationary information reading devices, while the information is transmitted to the control room information processing can be carried out through an information hub.  7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the information is transmitted in coded form by radio or telephone channels.  8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the information processing center at the station includes a personal computer or other means of control, accumulation and processing of information, as well as an infrared port for receiving / transmitting information connected to a personal computer, and / or means of receiving information on radio or telephone channels.  9. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 1 to 8, characterized in that the portable reader includes a transceiver antenna system, a microwave transmitter, a microwave receiver, an information processing unit, random access memory, a control panel, an infrared port and / or a means for transmitting information over the air.  10. The system according to any one of paragraphs.1 to 9, characterized in that the information of electronic tags placed on locking and sealing devices includes information about the goods carried, and the information of electronic tags placed directly on units of rolling stock includes information regarding identification units of rolling stock and the composition itself, and information about its passage along the route.

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