RU2158537C1 - X-ray diagnostic digital apparatus and method for manufacturing x-ray diagnostic digital apparatus arch crosspiece - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has two mechanically independent and electrically connected stands, one of which belongs to X-ray apparatus and the second one belongs to monitor unit. X-ray radiator and X-ray picture amplifier with arch crosspiece and control unit are put together in one stand. Devices for representing and storing information are mounted in the second stand. The arch crosspiece is manufactured from aluminum alloy and its cross-section is shaped as hollow closed contour. Geometrical parameters and mechanical characteristics of material are bound with relation useable for determining required parameter values. Method involves forming predefined profile, giving required curvature and building rolling paths for carriage rollers. The profile is formed with its cross-section composed of two rectangles, filled with sand and bent to achieve the predefined radius. The structure is hardened by applying heat treatment. L-shaped rolling paths are manufactured by cutting out the central portion of external side of one of cross- section rectangles. EFFECT: high reliability and easiness of operation. 34 cl, 14 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to medical equipment and is intended for use in x-ray studies in military field hospitals and emergency medicine units, in traumatological surgery, abdominal surgery, cardiovascular surgery, endoscopy, in the implementation of emergency x-ray diagnostics and postoperative studies.

 Known X-ray diagnostic apparatuses, including an X-ray emitter and an X-ray image intensifier, mounted at the ends of a rotatable arcuate traverse with the possibility of their placement on opposite sides of the studied area of the patient’s body, as well as an information display device (SU 216181, A 61 B 6/02, 11.04. 1968; DE 4413458, A 61 B 6/02, 10/19/1995).

 The disadvantages of the known devices are associated with low reliability and effectiveness of research, due to the use of the analog form of presentation of the results and the lack of functional information storage device. In addition, these devices do not meet the field-specific requirements for accelerated assembly-disassembly and packaging of component units for fast, including autonomous, transportation.

 Known technical solutions for the implementation of X-ray diagnostic apparatuses in the form of mechanically independent and electrically connected tripods - an X-ray and a monitor with an X-ray image amplifier in the first X-ray emitter, and in the second - information display devices (SU 4458688, G 06 F 15/42, 10.07. 1984). However, such a spatial diversity of hardware half-sets is used only for permanently installed emitter-amplifier pairs.

 Closest to the proposed X-ray digital apparatus is an apparatus comprising an X-ray emitter and an X-ray image amplifier mounted at the ends of a rotatable arcuate traverse with the possibility of their placement on opposite sides of the studied section of the patient’s body, telescopically connected to the said traverse of the information display and memory device connected to the output an X-ray amplifier, and a control device connected via signal circuits to omyanutymi functional components (SU 5475730, A 61 B 6/00, 12.12.1995).

 The disadvantage of this apparatus is determined by the imperfection of the layout of the components, making it difficult to deploy and collapse it in a military field setting. In addition, when implementing the apparatus, any criteria for choosing the geometric parameters of the arcuate cross-beam and the mechanical characteristics of the material used for this are not visible. This circumstance excludes guarantees for ensuring high operational reliability of the crosshead and the entire apparatus as a whole.

 It is important to emphasize that the quality of the arcuate traverse largely depends on the method of its manufacture.

 A known method of manufacturing curved metal products with a complex profile, which provides for the creation of the required cavities in the workpiece and its subsequent bending with the application of appropriate bending moments (DE 2613540 B2, B 21 D 7/00, 11/25/1976).

 The disadvantage of this method is associated with a limited scope, not covering, in particular, the production of curved products with a profile adapted to move roller carriages along them.

 Closest to the proposed method for manufacturing an arc-shaped traverse for a military X-ray digital apparatus is a method based on the formation of a given monolithic profile to a given curvature and the creation of protruding raceways on the sides for carriage rollers (DE 2608461 A1, A 61 B 6/02 09/15/1977).

 The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the necessary technological operations, especially for the implementation of raceways.

The first objective of the invention is the construction of x-ray digital apparatus, characterized by increased ease of use and reliability. It is understood that
in the field, the device must be quickly disassembled and packaged in multi-turn containers for transportation, and after transportation it should be put into operation by technicians of the minimum qualification without the use of special tools, devices or labor-intensive adjustment operations;
in packaged form, the device should be transported by any means of transport and stored in field warehouses;
the device should easily move assembled through the operating rooms, wards, corridors of the clinic;
the apparatus should provide for research in the cramped conditions of a field hospital;
the apparatus should provide for conducting research on areas of the patient’s body at its various positions - standing, sitting near the apparatus and located on the radiolucent surface of the operating table.

 The second objective of the invention is the creation of a technological and effective method for manufacturing an arc-shaped traverse for a military field X-ray digital apparatus, in which the cross section of the arc-shaped traverse has the shape of a rectangle, and the raceways for the carriage rollers connecting the arc-shaped traverse with the bracket are made L-shaped, installed with the outer side of the closed contour of the cross section and rigidly connected to it.

The first task is solved by the fact that the x-ray digital apparatus containing the x-ray emitter and the amplifier of the x-ray image mounted on the ends of the rotary arcuate traverse with the possibility of their placement on opposite sides of the studied area of the patient’s body, display and storage of information connected to the output of the x-ray amplifier, and the control device connected via signal circuits with the aforementioned functional components is made in the form two mechanically independent and electrically connected tripods - an X-ray and a monitor, the first of which combines an X-ray emitter and an amplifier of the X-ray image with an arc-shaped traverse, as well as a control device, and in the second - a device for displaying and storing information, while the arc-shaped traverse is made of aluminum alloy with a cross section in the form of a hollow closed loop, and its geometric parameters and mechanical characteristics of the material are related by the ratio
Nbσ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2 + n}}{\text{b}}$ rc / [E ^m R (m _p. + π / 2FR _ρ ) g] ≥ α ... β,
where σ _b is the tensile strength of the arc material;
r is the radius of the support roller;
c is the minimum distance between the support rollers;
E is the elastic modulus of the arc material;
R is the radius of the C-shaped arc along the rolling surface of the support roller;
m _{R. and} - the mass of the x-ray emitter;
F is the cross-sectional area of the C-shaped arc;
ρ is the density of the material of the C-shaped arc;
g is the acceleration of gravity;
b is the width of the supporting cylindrical roller;
N is the number of rollers on the axis;
for a cylindrical roller n = 0, m = 1, α = 0.035, β = 0.35;
for a spherical roller n = 1, m = 2, α = 0.0016, β = 0.12; b = 1.

 The solution of the first task is also promoted by the private essential features of the invention.

 The electrical connection of the x-ray and monitor racks can be made by means of a connecting cable with plugs at the ends inserted into the response sockets of the control device and the storage device.

 The control device in the x-ray tripod can be equipped with a control panel.

 The arcuate traverse can be connected via a bracket to a control device fixed to the base.

 The bracket for connecting the control device of the arcuate traverse can be made in the form of a T-shaped traverse, the vertical strut of which is mechanically connected to the control device, and one of the horizontal struts - with an arched traverse.

 The T-shaped traverse can be movably connected to the arc-shaped traverse by means of a carriage with rollers, while the arc-shaped traverse is provided with raceways, and the carriage rollers cover the raceways from two opposite sides and are drawn to it.

 The cross section of the arcuate traverse can be in the form of a rectangle, and the raceways can be made L-shaped, installed on the outside of the closed contour of the cross section and rigidly bonded to it.

 The cross section of the arcuate traverse can be in the form of a circle, and the raceways can be made lamellar, mounted on the outside of the closed contour of the cross section, fastened with it and oriented along the axis passing through the center of mass of the cross section.

The raceways can be made with a tensile strength of 20 - 28 kgf / mm ² and are coated with wear-resistant material.

 Wear-resistant coating of the raceways of the arcuate traverse can be made in the form of a sprayed layer.

 Wear-resistant coating of the raceways of the arcuate traverse can be made in the form of inserts of wear-resistant plastic.

 The base for the control device can be made in the form of a trolley on self-orientating rolling rollers.

 Mechanical connections of the x-ray emitter and the amplifier of the x-ray image with an arc-shaped traverse, an arc-shaped traverse with a bracket, a bracket with a control device can be made detachable.

 The control device can be connected to an x-ray emitter, an x-ray image amplifier, and an electric drive of an arc-shaped traverse by means of detachable electric cables.

 The information storage and display devices can be mechanically interconnected on a rack, while the information display device can be made in the form of a monitor located above the information storage device.

 The information display device can be made in the form of two monitors located above the information storage device.

 A rack for attaching devices for storing and displaying information can be made in the form of a trolley on self-orientating rolling rollers.

 Mechanical connections on the rack of the devices for storing and displaying information, as well as racks with a trolley can be made detachable.

 Devices for storing and displaying information can be electrically interconnected via a detachable electric cable.

 The detachable mechanical and electrical connections of the component units can be made with the possibility of autonomous transportation of the latter in shipping containers.

 The detachable joints of the X-ray and monitor racks are selected from the condition of disassembling the racks with the subsequent placement of the parts in eight transport containers, while the ratio of the mass of the container to the total mass of the container with the elements of the apparatus is in the range 0.25 - 0.55.

 The ratio of the total volume of containers to the total volume limited by the overall dimensions of the x-ray and monitor racks is in the range of 0.6 - 0.7.

 The ratio of the mass of containers to the total mass of x-ray and monitor stands and accessories for the apparatus is in the range of 0.6 - 0.7.

 A trolley is placed in the first container, auxiliary equipment - a heater and documentation.

 In the second container, a vertical column and auxiliary equipment, a foot switch and a cassette holder, are placed.

 In the third container, the control system unit is placed.

 In the fourth container, horizontal and arc-shaped traverses and auxiliary equipment - a dental tube and a light sight are placed.

 In the fifth container, an X-ray image intensifier, an X-ray emitter, and auxiliary equipment — a centering frame and lattice — are placed.

 In the sixth container, the base of the monitor, rack, tabletop and accessories are placed - front and side transport racks, handle, handle adapter.

 In the seventh container place the memory unit and auxiliary equipment - a set of spare parts.

 The eighth container houses the monitor, connecting and network cables.

 The device can be equipped with a remote control.

 The second task is solved in that in a method for manufacturing an arched cross-arm of an X-ray digital apparatus based on the formation of a predetermined cross-section profile, giving it a specified curvature and creating race tracks on it for carriage rollers, the profile is formed with a closed cross section in the form of two adjacent to each other rectangles and then successively fill it with sand, bend to a predetermined radius, strengthen by heat treatment, and the L-shaped raceways form a notch aniem central portion of the outer side of one of the rectangular cross-section.

 Figure 1 presents a General view of an x-ray digital apparatus with one monitor.

 Figure 2 shows the x-ray tripod in assembled form.

 Figure 3 shows the x-ray tripod in disassembled form.

 Figure 4 shows the monitor tripod in assembled form.

 Figure 5 shows an unassembled monitor tripod.

 Figure 6 shows the x-ray tripod in extreme positions with horizontal movement.

 In FIG. 7 shows an X-ray tripod in extreme positions when rotating around the center of the C-arc (orbital displacement).

 In FIG. 8 shows an X-ray tripod in extreme positions during vertical movement.

 Figure 9 shows the x-ray tripod in extreme positions when rotating around a vertical axis (rotary movement).

 In FIG. 10 shows a cross section of a C-arc.

 In FIG. 11 shows an X-ray stand in a position in which maximum contact forces occur between the cart rollers and the raceways.

 In FIG. 12 shows a cross-section of a circular C-shaped arc — an embodiment.

 In FIG. 13 shows a cross section of a C-arc before bending its longitudinal axis.

 In FIG. 14 shows a general view of an X-ray digital apparatus with two monitors.

 At MGP Abris CJSC, an X-ray digital diagnostic device with one monitor was developed under the name RDTSRA (X-ray digital diagnostic collapsible device).

 At CJSC “MGP Abris”, an X-ray digital diagnostic device with two monitors was developed under the name URS “ABRIS” (surgical mobile digital television and radio television installation).

 According to the designation of the RCRC and URS "ABRIS" they belong to the class of specialized X-ray diagnostic devices, and according to the methods and conditions of the study, they belong to mobile devices for working in hospital wards and operating rooms.

 An X-ray digital apparatus (Fig. 1) comprises an X-ray emitter (RI) 1 and an X-ray image intensifier (URI) 2 mounted at the ends of a rotatable arcuate traverse 3 with the possibility of their placement on opposite sides of the studied portion of the patient’s body, display device (monitor) 4 and storing (electronic memory unit) 5 information connected via a connecting cable 6 to the output of the x-ray amplifier, and a control device (control system unit) 7, connected by a signal m chains with the aforementioned functional components.

 An X-ray digital apparatus (Fig. 1) is made up of two mechanically independent and electrically connected tripods - an X-ray (RS) and a monitor (MS), in the first of which an X-ray emitter and an X-ray image amplifier with an arc-shaped traverse, as well as a control device, are combined, and in the second, devices for displaying and storing information.

 The connecting cable 6 for the electrical connection of the x-ray and monitor stands is made with plugs at its ends, inserted into the reciprocal sockets of the control device and the storage device.

X-ray tripod is made in dimensions: h _rsh = 1800 mm - height; and _rsh = 600 mm - width; b _rsh = 800 mm - depth. The volume limited by the dimensions of the x-ray tripod is V _rsh = 0.864 mm ³ , mass m _rsh = 350 kg.

The monitor tripod is made in dimensions: h _msh = 1760 mm - height; a _msh = 1760 mm - width; b _msh = 960 mm - depth. The volume limited by the dimensions of the x-ray tripod is V _msh = 2.97 mm ³ , and the mass m _msh = 140 kg.

 The X-ray tripod (the main part of the apparatus (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3)) contains the actual x-ray equipment and is intended for field diagnostics of the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, bone tissue of the skeleton and skull, dental examinations in a standing patient position, in inclined and horizontal positions, in the mode of fluoroscopy (transmission) and radiography (shooting).

X-ray tripod (figure 2 and 3) consists of the following parts:
X-ray emitter 1;
X-ray image intensifier 2;
arcuate traverse 3;
cable 6;
control system unit 7 (may be equipped with a control panel, not shown in FIG.);
horizontal traverse 8;
vertical column 9;
trolley 10.

The x-ray tripod contains the following electronic devices:
an X-ray emitter with an X-ray tube (RT), an anode power transformer of the RT, a glow transformer of the RT and a diaphragm block;
an X-ray image intensifier with an X-ray electron-optical converter (REOP), an optical system and a camera on a CCD matrix, a camera rotation device, a REOP power supply;
control system as part of a general control device;
X-ray emitter power supply and control panel;
vertical column control device.

 The x-ray emitter 1 and the amplifier of the x-ray image 2 are electrically connected to the control system unit 7 by a cable (not shown in Fig.) Laid in the cavity of the arcuate beam 3 and located at its opposite ends, while the dimensions of the arcuate beam are selected from the condition so as not to interfere with the placement of the patient between them.

 This design of the tripod allows you to make a large set of joint movements of the x-ray emitter and the amplifier of the x-ray image relative to the body of a stationary patient: movement in the horizontal (Fig. 6) and vertical directions (Fig. 8), rotation in three planes (Fig. 7 and Fig. 9) as well as the rotation of the x-ray emitter around the vertical axis.

 An X-ray stand can be quickly disassembled without the use of special mounting tools into its component parts (Fig. 3), which are stored and transported in containers.

The arcuate traverse is designed to mount the x-ray emitter and the amplifier of the x-ray image. Its design allows for the orbital rotation of these devices within an angle of 114 ^o .

 The arcuate traverse 3 by means of a bracket is connected to the control device 7 fixed to the base, while the base for the control device is made in the form of a trolley 10 on self-orientating rolling rollers 11 (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).

 The bracket for connecting the control device to the arc-shaped traverse is made in the form of a T-shaped traverse, the vertical strut of which is mechanically connected to the control device, and one of the horizontal struts is made with an arched traverse.

 According to the terminology adopted above, in the bracket, the horizontal struts are the horizontal crosshead 8, and the vertical strut is the vertical column 9.

 The T-shaped traverse is movably connected to the arc-shaped traverse by means of a carriage with rollers, while the arc-shaped traverse is provided with raceways, and the rollers 12 of the carriage cover the raceways from two opposite sides and are drawn to it (Fig. 10 and Fig. 11).

 The cross section of the arcuate traverse has the shape of a rectangle, and the raceways of the traverse are made L-shaped, installed on the outside of the closed contour of the cross section and rigidly fastened to it (Fig. 10).

 Alternatively, the cross section of the arcuate traverse can be made in the form of a circle, and the raceways can be made lamellar, mounted on the outside of the closed contour of the cross section, fastened with it and oriented along the axis passing through the center of mass of the cross section (Fig. 12) .

Options may also be implemented:
raceways are made of material with a tensile strength of 20 ... 28 kgf / mm ² ;
raceways are made with a tensile strength of 20 ... 28 kgf / mm ² and are coated with wear-resistant material;
wear-resistant coating of the raceway of the arcuate traverse is made in the form of a sprayed layer;
wear-resistant coating of the raceway of the arcuate traverse is made in the form of inserts of wear-resistant plastic.

The arcuate traverse consists of:
C-arcs equipped with end brackets in which the eccentric axes with handles are located - part of high-speed cam locks designed for mounting RI with URI;
parts of the central bracket to which the bracket is mounted, which provides docking with a horizontal traverse;
a bearing block along which the C-arc moves (orbital movement) and which is attached to the center bracket;
brakes of the C-arc, i.e., a mechanism that impedes the orbital movement of the C-arc.

 In order to ensure the necessary structural strength with a minimum weight, the box-shaped cross-sectional shape of the C-arc is selected, which is a thin-walled extruded profile bent around the circumference. The radius of the circle is selected so as not to impede the placement of the patient lying on the table between the RI and URI. The length of the chord connecting the ends of the C-arc is selected from the same condition, the distance between the focus of the RI and the input plane of the URI is about 900 mm. The cross section of the C-arc has an almost rectangular shape with a transverse in the middle and with a middle of the bottom wall cut out. The remaining parts of the lower wall are treadmills for the rollers of the bearing block (Fig. 11). Inside the closed cavity of the C-arc, cables are laid out from the control system unit to RI and URI. Their supply is through a hole, and on the outside the cable passes through a hinge that prevents the cable from tangling during movement and rotation of the C-arc and which is attached to the center bracket. A scale is fixed on the transverse wall of the C-arc from the notch side, which makes it possible to control the angle of rotation of the arc.

 To ensure a guarantee of high operational reliability of the crosshead and the entire apparatus as a whole, on the basis of the calculations below, a criterion is established for choosing the geometric parameters of the arc-shaped crosshead and mechanical characteristics.

In FIG. 11 shows an X-ray tripod in a position in which maximum contact forces occur between the cart rollers and the raceways of the arcuate traverse. To determine the contact forces, we write the condition for equal moments
M ₁ = M ₂ , (1)
where M ₁ = M ₁₁ + M ₁₂ is the maximum bending moment at the pinch point of the traverse by the cart rollers, due to the forces of the weight of the x-ray tripod and traverse, respectively; M ₂ is the balancing moment created by the contact forces between the cart rollers and the traverse raceways.

We write the expression for the moment from the forces of the weight of the x-ray emitter in the form of the expression
M ₁₁ = m _{R. and} gL ₁₁ , (2)
where m _{R. and} - the mass of the x-ray emitter; g is the acceleration of gravity; L ₁₁ - the shoulder of the resultant force of the weight of the x-ray emitter.

The expression for the moment of the weight forces of the C-shaped arc of the X-ray tripod is written as
M ₁₂ = FρgL ₁₂ , (3)
where F is the cross-sectional area of the C-shaped arc; ρ is the density of the material of the C-shaped arc; L ₁₂ - the shoulder of the resultant force of the weight of the C-shaped arc.

Having taken for L ₁₁ = 2R, and for L ₁₂ = 2R, (R is the radius of the C-shaped arc along the rolling surface of the support roller), we will take into account expressions (2) and (3) for M _{1 the} following expression
M ₁ = 2R [(m _p. + Π / 2FRρ) g]. (4)
The expression for the balancing moment M ₂ created by the forces of the contact Q between the rollers of the trolley and the raceways of the beam, we write in the form
M ₂ = QNc, (5)
where c is the minimum distance between the support rollers along the perimeter of the C-shaped arc; N is the number of rollers on the axis.

 Expression (5) is written under the assumption that the interaction of the traverse raceways is carried out only with rollers mounted on the axes that are most distant with respect to each other, which is a safety factor.

r - радиус опорного ролика; E₁, ν₁ - модуль упругости и коэффициент Пуассона материала опорного ролика; b - ширина опорного цилиндрического ролика; E, ν - модуль упругости и коэффициент Пуассона материала C-дуги.From expression (1), taking into account expressions (4) and (5), we obtain the following expression for the contact force Q between the cart rollers and the traverse raceways:
Q = 2R [(m _{p. And} + π / 2FRρ) g] / (Nc). (6)
Contact stresses in the raceways of the crosshead from the force Q for the case of cylindrical rollers are determined from the expression

r is the radius of the support roller; E ₁ , ν ₁ - elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material of the support roller; b is the width of the supporting cylindrical roller; E, ν is the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material of the C-arc.

Так как опорные ролики и дуга могут выполняться из различных материалов, для которых E₁ = (0,1...1,0) E и ν₁ = (0,3...1,0)ν, то выражение (8) запишем при ν = 0,3 в виде

Для случая изготовления опорного ролика сферической формы выражение для контактного напряжения запишется в виде

Условие прочности C-образной дуги по поверхности качения опорного ролика имеет вид.Taking into account the fact that r / R ≤ 0.025, expression (7) with an error in determining contact stresses of not more than 1% can be written in a simplified form

Since the support rollers and the arc can be made of various materials for which E ₁ = (0.1 ... 1.0) E and ν ₁ = (0.3 ... 1.0) ν, the expression (8 ) we write for ν = 0.3 in the form

For the case of manufacturing a support roller of a spherical shape, the expression for the contact voltage is written in the form

The strength condition of the C-shaped arc along the rolling surface of the support roller has the form.

σ ≤ (1,0 ... 1,3) σ _b , (11)
where σ _b is the tensile strength of the arc material.

Из выражения (11) с учетом (10) для сферических роликов получим соотношение

В общем виде выражения (12) и (13) можно записать как
Nbσ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2+n}}{\text{b}}$ rc/[E^mR(m_p.и+π/2FRρ)g]≥α...β, (14)
где для цилиндрического ролика n = 0, m = 1, α = 0,035, β = 0,33; для сферического ролика n= 1, m = 2, α = 0,0016, β = 0,12; b = 1.From expression (11), taking into account (9) for cylindrical rollers, we obtain the relation

From expression (11) with allowance for (10) for spherical rollers, we obtain the relation

In the general form, expressions (12) and (13) can be written as
Nbσ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2 + n}}{\text{b}}$ rc / [E ^m R (m _{p. u} + π / 2FRρ) g] ≥α ... β, (14)
where for a cylindrical roller n = 0, m = 1, α = 0.035, β = 0.33; for a spherical roller n = 1, m = 2, α = 0.0016, β = 0.12; b = 1.

 In this case, the left numerical values (α) and intermediate (between α and β) relate to the case of making rollers and crosshead from different materials (the rollers are from lower-modulus materials, for example, plastic), and the right numerical values (β) refer to the case of manufacturing rollers and traverses from the same material.

 The bearing block is a bracket on which twenty rollers are mounted, and the C-arc moves along them. The roller is a bearing, on the outer ring of which a polyamide-type plastic ring is pressed. Sixteen rollers are mounted in pairs on the axes of eight brackets - plates and are in contact with the treadmills of the lower wall of the C-arc, with eight rollers (four brackets) outside the arc, eight from the inside. The external brackets are equipped with an eccentric sleeve, rotating which you can move them to the arc or move. This allows you to adjust the degree of preload of the rollers to the arc, and hence the force of its movement. The remaining four rollers are pressed against the side walls of the C-arc. The adjustment of the roller preload to the C-arc is carried out so that in the uninhibited position the C-arc does not spontaneously move, but the force required for its movement would not exceed 60 N. The pair of "rollers - arc" must withstand at least 16,000 movements from one end bracket to another. At the ends of the bearing block, shock absorbers are installed for damping shock loads.

 Inhibition of the orbital motion of the C-arc is carried out by compressing the rubber roller to the middle partition of the C-arc.

 The central bracket has a complex box shape and it connects the horizontal and arched cross-arms. To ensure convenient transportation of the apparatus, the central bracket is detachable - one part of it is an accessory of the arc-shaped traverse and the C-arc brake and bearing block are placed in it, the other part is an accessory of the horizontal traverse and the C-arc rotation mechanism around the horizontal axis is placed in it.

 The horizontal beam is designed to connect the arcuate beam to the vertical column - the mechanism that carries out the vertical movement of the system. The horizontal traverse implements the movement of the system in the horizontal direction by approximately 190 mm, as well as the rotation of the arc-shaped traverse around the horizontal and vertical axes.

 The horizontal traverse carriage is a U-shaped box-shaped bracket, one end of which ends with a shaft, which is the horizontal axis of rotation of the arc-shaped traverse, and the other with a plate.

 The rotation mechanism of the arcuate traverse around the horizontal axis consists of two tapered roller bearings, pressed into the central bracket, which are mounted on the carriage shaft.

 The block of bearings of the horizontal traverse is a prism, passing the lower base into the shaft, the axis of which is perpendicular to the skids of the carriage.

 Vertical column - a mechanism that provides vertical movement of the system, consists of a column, plate, pipe, screw-nut running gear and carriage. A column is a steel U-shaped profile, to the side walls of which two C-shaped profiles are welded from the inside, and a L-shaped profile to the upper wall, also from the inside.

 The plate is a plate on which the entire assembly is assembled, a column, a lead screw and an electric motor, closed by a massive casing, are attached to it, in which there are also slots for fixing the control unit. When assembling the apparatus, the entire assembly - a vertical column is inserted into a special window of the cart and is fixed with two spring-loaded stops such as the heck.

 An X-ray emitter consists of an X-ray generator, a diaphragm — a console, two diaphragms (slotted and iris), a casing covering them, and a mechanism for turning the RI block about its longitudinal axis when operating without URI. The rotation mechanism is a special bearing, the rollers of which rotate between two planes. A part of the eccentric lock is attached to one plane, the other part of which is located on the end bracket of the C-arc. A diaphragm is attached to another plane - the console, which is a box-shaped bracket. An x-ray generator and two diaphragms (slotted and iris) are mounted with four screws to the base of the bracket to focus the x-ray radiation. The diaphragms close the casing, which is also mounted on the diaphragm - console. On the surface of the casing there is a device - a clip, in which special devices for various types of shooting can be installed: getter tube, dental tube, and also a light target designed to orient the image when working without an x-ray image intensifier.

 The X-ray image amplifier consists of the amplifier itself and a panel attached to it, which connects the amplifier to the end brackets of the C-arc.

 The control system unit includes a power source (power transformer, switching unit, fuses), a video signal processing unit, X-ray control equipment and is a steel sheet frame, on top of which is located the control panel of the device’s automation. The control unit is mounted on a trolley behind a vertical column.

 The cart - the base of the tripod is a box-shaped aluminum cast construction and has three independent wheels. There are two sets of wheels, one of which is designed for movement in enclosed spaces, and the other is a removable set of wheels for movement on the ground, while the first set of wheels is not dismantled. In the middle of the trolley there is a special window for installing a vertical column. On the bottom of the trolley there is a braking mechanism, which is activated by pressing the foot pedal.

The monitor tripod (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) contains the equipment of the memory unit and the monitor, is made in the form of quick disconnect nodes and consists of the following parts:
monitor 13 with a mount;
electronic memory unit 14;
stand, consisting of countertops 15 (panels), rack 16 and base 17;
network cable 18;
connection cable 19;
foot switch 20;
documentation 21;
devices 22 for the device that expand its functionality (personal protective equipment for medical personnel - special aprons, bibs, glasses; cassette holder for X-ray photography; removable wheels for moving the X-ray tripod over the dirt surface; protective covers to protect the elements from dust and dirt; operational documentation; three electric heaters to create the necessary air temperature when working in the field).

 The information display device can be made in the form of two monitors located above the information storage device (Fig. 14). The monitor tripod can be equipped with a video printer for documentary copies of transillumination images. In transillumination mode, the image is displayed on the left monitor (translucent monitor). The image that you need to temporarily save or write to the archive (on a hard magnetic disk) is displayed on the right monitor (memory monitor). After the transmission is completed, the recorded images are viewed on the right monitor. The monitor tripod can work offline (without an X-ray tripod). This mode can be used to view images from the archive, as well as to obtain their documentary copies.

The monitor tripod contains the following electronic devices:
digital image processing system with a device for storing and processing a video signal;
communication interface with URI and control system;
video output device on paper;
analog monitor;
system software.

 The power supply system of the device is located in an x-ray tripod. The power of the monitor tripod (single-phase alternating voltage of 220 V, 50 Hz) is carried out through an X-ray tripod when the tripods work together or from a separate input when they are separately used.

This solution allows, if necessary, to use tripods autonomously:
X-ray tripod when shooting;
monitor tripod in the viewing mode of archive information of the digital image processing system and work in local computer networks or the Internet.

As a result of the development of the devices, the following requirements are ensured:
generation of x-ray radiation in a given range of anode voltages and currents of the x-ray tube, conversion of the x-ray image in the URI, in the television path and in the digital video signal processing unit provides the required quality of the diagnostic image;
archiving of the diagnostic image provides reliable technological, informatively complete and relatively cheap saving of the results of x-ray examination;
the design and operating modes of the apparatus provide radiation, electrical and mechanical safety for the patient and medical personnel;
structural elements, electronic systems and shipping containers ensure the operability of the device in all modes of its operation, including transportation and storage in the conditions of service of field hospitals of the Russian Federation, and also provide the convenience of routine maintenance.

The device is equipped with a control system designed for general control and monitoring the operation of the device in the field. The objects of management are:
X-ray emitter with a block of diaphragms;
X-ray image intensifier;
digital image processing system.

The control system provides:
turning on and off the device;
selection and indication of the current operating mode;
task, regulation and display of current parameters characterizing x-ray radiation in the transmission and image modes (anode voltage and current of the x-ray tube, total transmission time, exposure time when shooting;
taking pictures on x-ray film;
counting and indicating the time of an X-ray examination of the patient;
control of curtain and iris diaphragms;
signal generation to control the movement of the vertical column;
generating control signals for the digital image processing system;
automatic control of the main components and parameters of the device, ensuring the safety of patients and staff, display of fault codes.

The device can operate in two modes: translucency and snapshot. The translucent mode can have three options:
continuous scanning
multipulse transmission;
single-pulse transmission.

 The design of the control system based on specialized microcontroller boards is implemented in the form of three subunits - control panels, general control and power supply of radiation sources. All subunits are based on backplanes.

Since the apparatus is intended for carrying out X-ray diagnostic studies in the conditions of military field hospitals, one of the important aspects of the operation of the apparatus is the possibility of its prompt delivery, unloading from vehicles, quick installation and commissioning. In the future, if necessary, the device must be quickly dismantled, packed in containers and placed on vehicles or for storage in disassembled form. The use of shipping containers is subordinate to these goals. Moreover, the following requirements are ensured:
the device allows multiple sub-assembly and dismantling without the use of special tools;
the time of deployment and preparation of the apparatus for work, as well as dismantling and laying in shipping containers does not exceed 30 minutes;
the device in shipping containers retains the functional properties and technical parameters after exposure to climatic factors and shipping loads;
the device, laid in shipping containers, can be transported by any type of transport, except for unheated and leaky air transport compartments, without restrictions on distances and speed;
shipping containers are made in dustproof design and have devices for loading and unloading, to secure during transportation and to protect the components of the device from damage.

 Based on the analysis of the sizes and weights of the components of the apparatus (Figs. 3 and 4 show a diagram of the division of the apparatus into components), the optimal number of containers was determined - eight. With such a number of shipping containers, a minimum number of container sizes is required and rational placement of device components in them is ensured. In the process of dividing the apparatus into parts, the possibility of assembly (disassembly) of the apparatus by a team of two people in a time of no more than 30 minutes was taken into account. The dimensions of the containers are also due to the possibility of stacking them in warehouses and during transportation, while the stacking scheme (Fig. 5) makes it possible to rationally use storage and transport volumes. The overall mass characteristics of the containers, the composition of the parts of the apparatus in them are shown in the table.

 We define the overall and mass characteristics that can be used as criteria that determine the rationality of choosing the size and number of containers, at which the required volumes of storage facilities and vehicles are minimized when stacking containers.

The total volume occupied by eight containers is V _k = 2.7 m ³ and the volume occupied by containers during their stacking is V _k = 3.1 m ³ .

The total volume limited by the overall dimensions of the x-ray and monitor racks is V _A = V _rh + V _msh = 3.83 m ³ , and the total volume limited by the overall dimensions of the x-ray and monitor racks, when they are imaginarily stacked, is equal to V _Al = 5.14 m ³ .

The ratio of the total volume occupied by eight containers to the total volume limited by the overall dimensions of the x-ray and monitor racks is ξ = V _to / V _A = 0.69.

The ratio of the total volume occupied by eight containers during their stacking to the total volume limited by the dimensions of the x-ray and monitor racks with their imaginary stacking is ξ _w = V _ksh / V _Ash = 0.6.

The total mass of eight containers is m _k = 338 kg.

The total mass of x-ray and monitor stands and accessories to the apparatus is m _A = 490 kg.

 When choosing materials for the manufacture of containers, it was found that the rational material to minimize the mass of containers is aluminum alloy, and the walls of the containers are made of stamping sheet.

 Given the possibility of manufacturing containers from different materials and using different technologies, the ratio of the total mass of containers to the mass of x-ray and monitor stands and accessories for the apparatus can be in the range of 0.6 - 0.7.

 The detachable joints of the X-ray and monitor racks are selected from the condition of disassembling the racks with the subsequent placement of the parts in eight transport containers, while the ratio of the mass of the container to the total mass of the container with the elements of the apparatus is in the range 0.25 - 0.55.

 Thus, it was found that rational criteria are: the ratio of the total volume of containers to the total volume limited by the overall dimensions of the x-ray and monitor racks is in the range 0.6 - 0.7, and the ratio of the mass of containers to the total mass of the x-ray and monitor racks and accessories to the apparatus is also in the range of 0.6 - 0.7.

 The quality of the arcuate traverse largely depends on the method of its manufacture.

 One of the main operational characteristics of the arcuate traverse is the durability of the raceways interacting with the support rollers. Wear resistance depends on the mechanical characteristics of the yoke material (tensile strength), as shown above. Following this logic, the traverse must be made of a material with a high tensile strength, since this increases the wear resistance of the traverse. An increase in wear resistance due to an increase in the strength characteristics of the material leads to a complication of the technological process of bending the beam to give it a C-arc shape. This is explained by the fact that the efforts required to bend the beam are increased, and so there is a loss of stability of the raceways (warping). The warping of raceways can be prevented, for example, by gradually bending the beam or by using materials with a lower tensile strength. These two directions are unacceptable, since the first of them leads to a significant increase in the time for bending the beam (warping of the raceways is not excluded), and the second way leads to a sharp decrease in the wear resistance of the raceways. The use of materials with a low tensile strength with subsequent hardening due to heat treatment is also unacceptable, since during heat treatment not only the raceways, but the entire beam are warped.

 To solve this problem, a method for manufacturing an arc-shaped traverse is proposed, in which materials with higher strength characteristics can be used and (due to the use of appropriate materials or due to the use of heat treatment after bending) drastically reduce the time for bending the traverse.

 This problem is solved by first forming a profile with a closed cross section in the form of two rectangles adjacent to each other (Fig. 13) and then filling it sequentially with sand, bending to a given radius, hardening by heat treatment, and forming L-shaped raceways by cutting the central part of the outer side of one of the rectangles of the cross section (Fig. 14).

 The operation of the X-ray tripod is carried out in conjunction with a monitor tripod.

The cable connects the tripods to the mains. The video signal from the x-ray image intensifier and the individual operation modes of the monitor tripod are controlled both by commands from the x-ray tripod control panel via a communication cable and by commands from the x-ray tripod control panel. The radiation is switched on from the manual switch and the foot switch included in the installation kit and connected to a tripod. By moving the tripod and the C-arc, any direction of radiation can be provided during transmission and X-ray photography. For this, the C-arc can be rotated in any direction around the vertical axis by an angle of up to 12.5 ^o (rotary movement (Fig. 9) or around the horizontal axis by an angle of up to 205 ^o (rotational movement, not shown in Fig.), Move along a horizontal guide within 175 mm (horizontal movement (Fig. 8)), raise or lower with an electric drive to a height of 450 mm (vertical movement), and also rotate around the center of the arc within 25 ^o in one direction relative to the vertical or 90 ^o - in the other (orbital lane displacements (Figure 7). All of the described C-arc movements, except vertical blocked or freed by rotating the brake lever (Fig. not shown).

The control panel contains controls, divided by functional purpose into groups:
transillumination and image manipulation;
radiography;
installation management.

 The device is also equipped with a remote control.

 Installation controls

 1. Keys to enable installation. When you press the power key, the indicator above the key lights up. After switching on, the continuous transmission mode is automatically selected and the indicator above the green key lights up. By simultaneously pressing the power key of the installation and the platform next to it, all indicators are turned on.

 2. Keys to turn off the installation.

3. Temperature indicator. It lights up if the oil temperature in the emitter exceeds 50 ^o C. The indicator blinks and gives an audible signal, if during transillumination the oil temperature in the emitter exceeds 70 ^o C, transmissions are interrupted until the oil temperature in the emitter cools to an acceptable level.

 4. The indicator of the inclusion of x-ray radiation. Lights up when radiation is on. A second radiation indicator is located on the top surface of the monitor.

 5. Keys to turn off the sound signal of the transillumination time and to set to zero the readings of the transillumination time display. After 4.8 minutes of transillumination, a warning signal sounds and the indicator lights above the key. By briefly pressing this key, the sound signal is muted for a short time. Long press (for 3 seconds) by pressing this key, the reading time is set to zero.

 6. Scoreboard of transillumination and malfunctions. Shows the time (up to 99.9 minutes) during which the patient is exposed to transillumination. After 4.8 minutes of transillumination, an audible signal is emitted, which can be turned off by briefly pressing the key to turn off the audible signal of the transillumination time. The time display continues. If the sound signal does not turn off, the radiation will stop after 10 minutes. After the start of transillumination. In the event of a malfunction, the ERROR signal and the code number of this malfunction light up on the display. Further work is paused. If the installation is not ready for operation, the ERROR indication and the fault code number can be called up on the display by pressing the pad next to the installation enable button. X-ray radiation is then impossible. In some cases, an alarm or unavailability condition can be cleared by pressing the on / off key again.

 7. C-arc lowering key.

 8. C-arc lift key.

 Transmission and image controls.

 9. The key to select the continuous transmission mode. This mode is automatically selected when the unit is turned on. Transmission parameters in this mode are set automatically. Automatic adjustment of the transmission parameters ensures, regardless of the absorption of the object, a constant image brightness on the monitor. The key must also be pressed when selecting any other transillumination mode. The X-ray and X-ray (shooting) modes are mutually exclusive, therefore, when the continuous X-ray mode selection key is activated, all the keys of the X-ray group are blocked except for the X-ray mode selection key. At the end of scanning, the last frame of the TV-image is automatically recorded and played on the left monitor (for installation with two monitors URS "ABRIS").

 10. A key of a choice of a mode of pulse transillumination. In this mode, the image is updated every 1.8 seconds by generating a short X-ray pulse, which gives a reduction in radiation dose by 60% compared to the continuous transmission mode. Pressing this key again activates continuous scrolling mode.

 11. Transmission mode selection key with manual setting of parameters. When it is pressed, the values of the anode voltage and current of the X-ray tube (transmission parameters) are set automatically, but can be manually changed by subsequent pressing of keys 12 and 13. When the button 11 is pressed again, the automatic control of transmission parameters is switched on again.

 12. The key to reduce the parameters of transillumination.

 13. Key to increase the parameters of transillumination. The parameters set by the operator are displayed on the scoreboard 14 and 15.

 14. Scoreboard voltage when scanned.

 15. Current display when scanned.

 16. The key of temporary recording of the image of transillumination and mutual change of images of the left and right monitors. By pressing this key, the last translucency image from the left monitor is recorded in the memory of the right monitor and displayed on the right monitor. In the future, it can be used for comparison with a new image on the left monitor or as a mask in the subtraction (subtraction) mode of the current and stored images (left and right monitors). After turning off the installation, the image is not saved. It can be saved by writing to a hard magnetic disk (in the archive) until the installation is turned off. To write the image of the right monitor to the archive, press the key 23.

 17. The key to close the iris.

 18. The key to open the iris. The iris diaphragm limits the maximum diameter of the transillumination spot to the diameter of the input screen of the X-ray image intensifier (23 cm) and ensures its smooth change to a minimum value of 5 cm. In this case, the patient's radiation dose is reduced and the image quality is improved. When switching to the radiography mode, the last setting of the aperture during transmission is stored until a large image format is selected (key 30 or 31).

 19. The key for obtaining a mirror image (image inversion) on the left monitor. To return the image to its original position, press the 19 key again. The image on the right monitor cannot be inverted.

 20. The key to rotate the image counterclockwise.

 21. The key to rotate the image clockwise. Pressing one of the keys (20 or 21) rotates the image on both monitors. Pressing both keys at the same time returns the normal image position.

 22. Key subtraction (subtraction) of the image. When it is pressed, the image recorded in the memory of the right monitor by pressing the 16 key and displayed on the right monitor is subtracted from the current transmission image, and the differential image is displayed on the left monitor screen (dynamic subtraction mode). The static subtraction mode is implemented when two static images are subtracted: automatically recorded at the end of transmission and played back on the left monitor and pre-recorded and played back on the right monitor.

 23. The key to record the image on a hard magnetic disk (in the archive) for storage, subsequent viewing and possible copying. During transmission, recording to the archive is not possible and an operator error message appears on the monitor screen.

 24. The key to close the curtain diaphragm.

 25. The key to open the curtain diaphragm.

 26. The key to rotate the curtain diaphragm counterclockwise.

 27. The key to turn the curtain diaphragm clockwise. In the study of narrow extended objects, such as the arm and leg, X-ray radiation can be limited by closing and turning the curtains so that the gap formed by them is parallel to the long side of the object. With the proper use of this diaphragm, the patient's radiation dose is reduced and the image quality improves due to a decrease in the bright glow of the monitor screen caused by radiation directly incident on the input screen of the x-ray image amplifier.

 X-ray controls.

 28. X-ray mode selection key. When pressed, the indicator above the key should light up.

 29. Aperture indicator. After switching to the X-ray mode (key 28 pressed), the last aperture setting is saved during transmission, and indicator 29 lights up.

 30. The key for setting the size of the aperture for taking a picture with a diameter of 30 cm. When you press the key, the indicator above it should light up, and indicator 29 should go out.

 31. The key for setting the size of the aperture for taking a picture with a diameter of 40 cm. When you press the key, the indicator above it should light up and indicator 29 should go out.

 32. Key to lower the anode voltage of the x-ray emitter.

 33. Key to increase the anode voltage of the x-ray emitter. When the key is pressed, the voltage can vary from 40 kV to 105 kV.

 34. Scoreboard indicating the value of the anode voltage of the x-ray emitter.

 35. Key to reduce the exposure value (exposure time in shooting mode).

 36. Key to increase the exposure value (exposure time in shooting mode).

 37. Scoreboard display selected exposure value.

 38. Key enable indicator.

 Foot and manual switches.

 The radiation is turned on when scanned from the foot switch included in the installation kit and connected to an x-ray tripod. The foot switch contains two keys. When one of them is released, the radiation inclusion keys in the translucent mode, the last translucent frame remains on the left monitor. The second key is the radiation enable button in the single-pulse transmission mode (snapshot) allows you to get an image from a very short radiation pulse with the maximum possible noise reduction for documentation. The image remains on the monitor until the next transmission.

 Manual switch.

 The manual switch, unlike the foot switch, turns on the radiation not only during transmission, but also when shooting with a cassette holder mounted on an x-ray image amplifier. The manual switch is permanently connected to the x-ray tripod and is located in the holder on the side panel, to the right of the control panel.

 Operating modes of a monitor tripod.

The modes included from the control panel of an x-ray tripod:
continuous transmission mode with noise reduction;
automatic recording and playback of the last frame of the image after the end of the transmission mode;
pulse transillumination mode with the formation and storage of the image between the radiation pulses and image reproduction in the intervals between the radiation pulses;
mutual change of images on the left and right monitors;
real-time subtraction (subtraction) mode of the stored and current images (dynamic subtraction), or two stored images (static subtraction) with the formation and playback of the differential image on the left monitor;
creating an archive of 64 TV-frames on a hard magnetic disk.

The modes included with the remote control:
recording and temporary storage in RAM in the continuous transmission mode of four images;
dynamic subtraction mode with recording a "mask" in the process of continuous transmission and the possibility of its replacement;
write to the archive of images stored in RAM;
viewing images from the archive on the right monitor;
receipt on a video printer or on a laser printer of a documentary copy of any image stored on the right monitor;
stand-alone monitor tripod;
setting parameters, regulation and tuning.

 At present, CJSC “MGP Abris” has made prototypes of the RDTSRA and URS “ABRIS” devices, which have undergone comprehensive tests, confirming the achievement of all the required parameters, which were the basis for their design.

Claims (34)

1. An X-ray digital apparatus comprising an X-ray emitter and an X-ray image amplifier mounted on the ends of a rotary arc-shaped traverse with the possibility of their placement on opposite sides of the studied area of the patient’s body, information display and storage devices connected to the output of the X-ray image amplifier, and a control device connected signal circuits with the mentioned functional components, characterized in that it is made in the form of two mechanically independent and electrically connected tripods - X-ray and monitor, in the first of which are combined an X-ray emitter and an amplifier of the X-ray image with an arc-shaped traverse, as well as a control device, and in the second - a device for displaying and storing information, while the arc-shaped traverse is made of aluminum alloy with a transverse section in the form of a hollow closed loop, and its geometric parameters and mechanical characteristics of the material are related by the ratio
Nbσ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2 + n}}{\text{in}}$ rc / [E ^m R (m _p. + π / 2FR _ρ ) g] ≥ α ... β,
where σ _in is the tensile strength of the arc material;
r is the radius of the support roller;
C is the minimum distance between the support rollers;
E is the elastic modulus of the arc material;
R is the radius of the C-shaped arc along the rolling surface of the support roller;
m _{R. and} - the mass of the x-ray emitter;
F is the cross-sectional area of the C-shaped arc;
ρ is the density of the material of the C-shaped arc;
q is the acceleration of gravity;
b is the width of the supporting cylindrical roller;
N is the number of rollers on the axis; for a cylindrical roller n = 0, m = 1, α = 0.035, β = 0.35; for a spherical roller n = 1, m = 2, α = 0.0016, β = 0.12; b = 1.  2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical connection of the x-ray and monitor stands is made by means of a connecting cable with plugs at the ends inserted into the response sockets of the control device and the storage device.  3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device in the x-ray tripod is equipped with a control panel.  4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the arcuate traverse by means of a bracket is connected to a control device fixed to the base.  5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the bracket for connecting the control device to the arc-shaped traverse is made in the form of a T-shaped traverse, the vertical strut of which is mechanically connected to the control device, and one of the horizontal struts - with an arched traverse.  6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the T-shaped traverse is movably connected to the arc-shaped traverse by means of a carriage with rollers, while the arc-shaped traverse is provided with raceways, and the carriage rollers cover the raceways from two opposite sides and are pressed to it.  7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross-section of the arc-shaped traverse has the shape of a rectangle, and the raceways are made L-shaped, installed on the outside of the closed contour of the cross section and rigidly bonded to it.  8. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross-section of the arcuate traverse has a circle shape, and the raceways are plate-like, installed on the outside of the closed contour of the cross section, fastened with it and oriented along an axis passing through the center of mass of the cross section. 9. The apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the raceways are made with a tensile strength of 20 - 28 kgf / mm ² . 10. The apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the raceways are made with a tensile strength of 20 - 28 kgf / mm ² and are coated with wear-resistant material.  11. The apparatus of claim 10, characterized in that the wear-resistant coating of the raceway of the arcuate traverse is made in the form of a sprayed layer.  12. The apparatus of claim 10, characterized in that the wear-resistant coating of the raceway of the arcuate traverse is made in the form of inserts of wear-resistant plastic.  13. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the base for the control device is made in the form of a trolley on self-orientating rolling rollers.  14. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the mechanical connections of the x-ray emitter and the amplifier of the x-ray image with an arc-shaped traverse, an arc-shaped traverse with a bracket, an arm with a control device are made detachable.  15. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control device is connected to an x-ray emitter, an x-ray image amplifier and an electric arc-shaped traverse by means of detachable electric cables.  16. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the storage device and display information are mechanically interconnected on a rack, while the display device information is made in the form of a monitor located above the storage device information.  17. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the information display device is made in the form of two monitors located above the information storage device.  18. The apparatus according to clause 16 or 17, characterized in that the rack for attaching devices for storing and displaying information is made in the form of a trolley on self-orientating quality rollers.  19. The apparatus according to clause 16 or 17, characterized in that the mechanical connections on the rack of the devices for storing and displaying information, as well as racks with a trolley are made detachable.  20. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device for storing and displaying information is electrically interconnected via a detachable electric cable.  21. The apparatus according to any one of paragraphs.2 to 4, 6, 13 - 15, 20, characterized in that the detachable mechanical and electrical connections of the components are made with the possibility of autonomous transportation of the latter.  22. The apparatus according to item 21, wherein the detachable connections of the x-ray and monitor racks are selected from the conditions for disassembling the racks with subsequent placement of the parts in eight transport containers, while the ratio of the mass of the container to the total mass of the container with the elements of the apparatus is within 0.25 - 0.55.  23. The apparatus according to item 21, wherein the ratio of the total volume of containers to the total volume limited by the dimensions of the x-ray and monitor stands is in the range of 0.6 - 0.7.  24. The apparatus according to item 21, wherein the ratio of the mass of containers to the total mass of x-ray and monitor stands and accessories to the apparatus is in the range of 0.6 - 0.7.  25. The apparatus according to item 22, wherein the first container is placed a trolley, auxiliary equipment - a heater and documentation.  26. The apparatus according to p. 22, characterized in that the second container is placed a vertical column and auxiliary equipment - foot switch and cassette holder.  27. The apparatus according to p. 22, characterized in that the control unit is placed in the third container.  28. The apparatus according to p. 22, characterized in that the fourth container is placed horizontal and arcuate traverse and auxiliary equipment - a dental tube and a light sight.  29. The apparatus according to p. 22, characterized in that the fifth container is placed an x-ray image amplifier, an x-ray emitter and auxiliary equipment - centering frame and lattice.  30. The apparatus according to p. 22, characterized in that the sixth container is placed the base of the monitor, stand, table top and accessories - front and side transport racks, handle, handle adapter.  31. The apparatus according to p. 22, characterized in that in the seventh container place the memory unit and auxiliary equipment - a set of spare parts.  32. The apparatus according to p. 22, characterized in that the monitor, connecting and network cables are placed in the eighth container.  33. The apparatus according to p. 22, characterized in that it is equipped with a remote control.  34. A method of manufacturing an arcuate traverse for an X-ray digital apparatus, based on the formation of a predetermined crosshead profile, giving it a given curvature and creating race tracks on it for carriage rollers, characterized in that the profile is formed with a closed cross section in the form of two adjacent rectangles adjacent to each other and then it is successively filled with sand, bent to a predetermined radius, strengthened by heat treatment, and the L-shaped raceways are formed by cutting out the central part The part of the outer side of one of the rectangles of the cross section.

Images