RU2154124C2 - Method of application of color protective decorative coat with pattern - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: application of coats on glass, ceramic, plastic and metal backings. SUBSTANCE: method includes application of mask made from heat-resistant emulsion, drying of this mask at temperature not below coat spraying temperature in vacuum chamber, spraying of layers of nitrides and carbides of metals or their alloys on backing and washing-off the mask with water. Backing is coated with mask isolating sections of pattern; then metal is sprayed and mask is washed off with water; color toning of sections of patters is made by anode oxidizing. Mask is applied through stencil or by means of brush; heat-resistant emulsion of mask contains the following components; %: polyvinyl acetate, 1 to 60; methyl dye, 0.01 to 0.1 and water, 40 to 98.99. Method ensures reliable protection of backing and requires no special protective means in applying the coat due to ecologically pure material. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 5 cl, 4 ex

Description

 The present invention relates to methods for spraying a thin film of metals (titanium, zirconium, chromium, aluminum, tantalum, niobium) or their compounds (oxides, nitrides, carbides) by electric arc spraying in vacuum with the simultaneous application of a multi-color pattern and can be used for decorative and artistic processing glass, ceramic, plastic or metal products.

The known method [1] of ion-plasma deposition of titanium or its compounds (oxide, nitride, carbide) as a result of electric arc evaporation in vacuum, which can be used for decorative and artistic processing of glass, ceramic, metal. Feeding reagent gases into the vacuum chamber, various colors of the deposited film are obtained:
using oxygen - purple;
nitrogen - golden, brown;
acetylene - black;
argon is golden.

 The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of applying films of other metals and their compounds except titanium.

 Another disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of applying a pattern to the substrate and performing this pattern in multicolor.

 There is also a method of applying protective and decorative coatings [2] on products made of ceramics, plastics, glass. The essence of the invention lies in the deposition on the substrate of a layer of titanium nitrides, zirconium or their alloys. Then a coating is applied based on metal oxides, mainly titanium, zirconium, chromium, by a vacuum-arc method. The method allows to obtain a uniform coating and some color gamut of the resulting coatings. The disadvantages of the method include the impossibility of applying to one substrate the entire gamut of coating colors.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed method is a method of applying a protective and decorative coating on a substrate [3]. The essence of the invention consists in applying a protective and decorative coating to a substrate of glass, ceramic, plastic, metals, including applying a mask to a substrate, applying a coating layer in a vacuum on a substrate, and rinsing the mask off with water. The method allows to obtain a uniform coating and the color scheme of the resulting coatings.

 The disadvantages of the method include a limited number of materials deposited on a substrate in a vacuum chamber to form a protective and decorative coating. Another disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of applying to the substrate all possible gamut of coating colors.

 Another disadvantage of this method is the difficulty of applying a mask to the substrate.

 Another disadvantage of this method is the non-optimal composition of the materials that make up the emulsion mask.

 The aim of the present invention is the application of a protective and decorative coating with a pattern on a ceramic, glass, plastic and metal substrate.

 Another objective of the present invention is the application to the substrate of ceramic, glass, plastic and metal multicolor decorative coating with a pattern.

 These goals are ensured by the fact that in the proposed method, a protective and decorative coating (metals and their oxides, nitrides, carbides) is applied to substrates of glass, ceramic, plastic and metal in vacuum through masks from a heat-resistant emulsion.

 Another difference of the proposed method is that the mask forming the pattern and isolating sections of the pattern from each other is applied before applying the protective and decorative layer directly to the substrate, dried at a temperature not lower than the working temperature of applying the protective and decorative coating, and after spraying is removed with water, and anodic oxidation conduct color toning of the areas of the picture.

 Another difference of the proposed method is that the mask is applied to the substrate through a stencil corresponding to part of the figure.

 Another difference of the proposed method is that the mask is applied to the substrate directly with a brush.

 Another difference of the proposed method is that the mask of the heat-resistant emulsion contains,%: polyvinyl acetate 1-60, methyl dye 0.01-0.1, water 40-98.99.

 The following are specific examples of the implementation of the proposed method.

 Example 1. On a substrate of glass, ceramic, plastic or metal, a tinted polyvinyl acetate aqueous emulsion is applied through a stencil or brush, which covers areas of the substrate from spraying and forms a pattern. The substrate is dried at a temperature not lower than the operating temperature of the spray coating in a vacuum chamber. This operation is carried out in order to remove water from the emulsion and to prevent the evolution of gases in the vacuum chamber. The substrate is placed in a vacuum chamber, and one of the tinting coatings based on metals or their nitrides, carbides or their alloys is sprayed. The substrate is removed from the vacuum chamber, the mask is washed off with water. On the substrate there is a pattern previously limited to a mask. The emulsion easily closes any area of the substrate. If it is necessary to apply to the same substrates the details of a drawing of a different color, configuration, it is possible to repeat the operation with another mask and applying a new different metal or another coating layer.

 Example 2. On a substrate of glass, ceramic, plastic, a mask is applied with subsequent processing (see example 1). In order to obtain a wider gamut of colors, anodic oxidation of separate, isolated from each other, sections of the pattern is performed.

 Example 3. For applying large-area drawings (panels, stained-glass windows), the mask forming the pattern (see examples 1,2) is applied simultaneously to several substrates, after which they are processed (see examples 1,2).

 The possibility of multiple mask protection of any sections of the substrate (uncoated and coated not limited in area, followed by multiple spraying of various materials, the creation of isolated from each other sections of the pattern with subsequent anodic oxidation gives this method great prospects in creating a color protective and decorative coating with a pattern. A mask made of a polyvinyl acetate emulsion of a harmless, environmentally friendly material allows this method to be applied without special protective equipment.

Sources of information
1. The invention. Russia N 93045728/02, 6 C 23 C 14/06. The method of ion-plasma spraying of a thin film of titanium or its compounds on the surface of the substrate.

 2. The invention. Russia N 93032991/02, 6 C 23 C 14/08. The method of coating.

 3. The invention. US 4895630, C 23 C 14/00 dated 06/23/1990 (prototype).

Claims (5)

 1. The method of applying a protective and decorative coating to a substrate of glass, ceramic, plastic, metals, including applying a mask of a heat-resistant emulsion to a substrate, drying the mask, spraying the coating layers in a vacuum on a substrate, rinsing the mask with water, characterized in that the drying is carried out when temperature not lower than the coating spraying temperature in a vacuum chamber, and layers of metal nitrides and carbides or their alloys, metal oxides and metals are sprayed onto the substrate.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that a mask is applied to the substrate, isolating sections of the pattern from each other, metal is sprayed, the mask is washed off with water and anodic oxidation produces color tinting of the sections of the pattern.  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mask is applied through a stencil to a substrate corresponding to part of the figure.  4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mask is applied with a brush. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a mask of a heat-resistant emulsion is used, containing,%:
Polyvinyl Acetate - 1 - 60
Methyl dye - 0.01 - 0.1
Water - 40 - 98.99