RU2150669C1 - Device for localization of effects of explosive mechanisms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: disposal of explosive mechanisms, applicable for effective suppression of fragmentation and explosive effects of explosion. SUBSTANCE: device has a closed container filled with incombustible liquid covering the bomb of a definite dimension so that the liquid is positioned between the bomb and surroundings. The container is made up of one or a great number of chambers for liquid, whose internal space is additionally filled with porous material, and the incombustible liquid is in its pores. A fragment-protection shield made of material based on high-modulus fibres is installed around the edges of the container. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of protection of people and structures against explosive, fragmentation and thermal effects at actuation of explosive mechanisms. 6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a special technique and can be used to effectively suppress the high-explosive, fragmentation and thermal effects of an explosion and thereby minimize damage from explosions resulting from terrorist attacks.

 Currently, a wide range of products designed to localize explosions is used in special equipment. As a rule, these are containers made of high-strength steels and alloys having one or several shells capable of withstanding a high-explosive fragmentation upon operation of explosive devices with a given explosive mass. Devices of this type can now be seen in the lobby of Moscow metro stations.

 Also known is a reservoir for an explosive with an external protective shield (see US patent N 4833967, MKI F 42 B 37/00, publ. 30.06.89,).

 A common drawback of these container-type devices is the need to deliver the detected item (explosive device) with subsequent loading into the container, which is associated with a risk to life. Another disadvantage is that when the charge of the bomb exceeds the margin of safety of the container, its destroyed metal structures will be additional damaging elements.

 As a prototype, devoid of the disadvantages of the above analogues, the selected device (bomb inhibitor) according to US patent N 4836079, MKI F 42 B 33/00, C 06 B 21/00, publ. 06/06/89, the Inhibitor includes a closed container filled with non-combustible liquid, covering a bomb of a certain size so that the liquid is between the bomb and the surrounding open space. The container consists of a plurality of closed fluid chambers with a first chamber forming a closed top of the inhibitor and a second chamber located below at least part of the periphery of the upper chamber and forming a supporting side wall of the container. Each chamber is made of sheet material connected at the edge so as to form a closed container. Inhibitors with chambers made of an elastic material (rubber) are described as examples of construction.

The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows:
- relatively low efficiency of protection against high-explosive and fragmentation effects as a result of uneven distribution of liquid in the inhibitor, due to the fact that the container consists of several chambers, and with the peculiarities of the shape that the cavity of the chambers filled with liquid, enclosed in an elastic shell, take, and also as a result lack of a special anti-fragmentation shell of the inhibitor;
- the difficulty of completely isolating the surrounding space from explosive devices located near walls and in the corners of rooms.

 The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype, namely the creation of a device that provides effective protection of people and structures from high-explosive, fragmentation and thermal effects in the explosion of hand grenades and other explosive devices by ensuring uniform distribution of the energy-absorbing layer of liquid, ballistic protection and isolation of the surrounding space from explosive devices located near walls and in corners of rooms.

 This goal is achieved in that the device comprises a container formed by one or many chambers, the internal volume of which is filled with porous open-cell material, in the pores of which there is a non-combustible liquid. The cameras can be made of elastic material. The porous material may be flexible. In the lower part of the device a cavity is made, the dimensions of which provide the possibility of placing an explosive mechanism. The use of porous material as a filler allows the manufacture of devices with a constant thickness of chambers filled with liquid and uniform distribution of liquid over their volume, as well as of various shapes depending on the possible locations of explosive mechanisms. Additionally, a splinter shield of material based on high modulus fibers is installed on the device.

 The authors are not aware of technical solutions with the combination of features indicated in the claims aimed at achieving the same goal as in the object claimed as an invention, therefore, the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

 The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows a cross section of a device for localizing the effects of explosive mechanisms, where 1 is a handle; 2 - a container of polyurethane; 3 - non-combustible liquid; 4 - porous open-cell material (foam rubber); 5 - working cavity of the localization device; 6 - an explosive mechanism placed in a suitcase; 7 - anti-fragmentation screen made of Kevlar-type fabric.

 A device for localizing the effects of explosive mechanisms works as follows.

 The device using the handle 1 is installed on the detected explosive mechanism 6 so that the cavity 5 made in the lower part of the device allows the explosive mechanism 6 to be completely separated from the surrounding space. In the case of a fuse triggered by the explosive mechanism thus covered, the explosion energy and most of the fragments are absorbed by the non-combustible liquid 3 located in the microvolumes of the porous material 4 and the surrounding shell 2. The remaining part of the fragments is held up by the anti-fragmentation screen 7.

 Thus, the proposed device for localizing the effects of explosive mechanisms provides effective protection of people and structures from high-explosive and shrapnel explosions in the explosion of hand grenades and other explosive devices.

 In FIG. Figure 2 shows a variant of the device that provides protection against the explosion of a bomb in a suitcase ("diplomat"), with smaller overall dimensions of the device.

 Based on the foregoing, the present invention in comparison with the prototype provides a positive effect and has the criterion of "positive effect".

 The use of the proposed technical solution does not require additional investment in places of its use.

 Tests of the invention were carried out in 1998 at the SIC BTS Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation training ground in Priozersk (Leningrad Region) with a positive result.

Claims (6)

 1. A device for localizing the effects of explosive mechanisms, containing a closed container, non-combustible liquid, characterized in that the container is formed by one or many chambers, the internal volume of which is filled with porous material, and the non-combustible liquid is in its pores.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous material is made elastic.  3. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the fluid chambers are made of elastic material.  4. The device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is equipped with a shatterproof screen.  5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the shatterproof screen is made of material based on high modulus fibers.  6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is equipped with one or more handles for delivery and installation.

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