RU2149751C1 - Impact-action hydraulic device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device is used in impact-action mechanisms such as hammers, perforators and drilling machines. The device has a body accommodated impact mechanism and slide-valve distributing device, handle attached to body and starting appliance made as hydraulic distributor coupled to working fluid inlet and drain channels. The device peculiarity consists in that hydraulic distributor is mounted for starting by use of handle element or hand-operated drive. The device has composite body which one part includes impact mechanism. Du to this construction, pressure force is reduced when starting the hydraulic device in any position, and when pressure of working fluid supplied to hydraulic device exceeds normal value. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to impact mechanisms and can be used in hammers, perforators, drilling machines, etc.

 Currently, a large number of hydraulic shock devices are known, the feature of which, as a rule, is the implementation of a hydraulic distribution system, for example, a device according to the copyright certificate N 1692072, class. B 25 D 9/00, dated July 23, 1992, containing a shock mechanism and a spool distributor, a handle, a starting device in communication with the supply and discharge channels of the working fluid.

 A disadvantage of the known devices is the large pressing efforts that must be applied to the handle of the device to bring it into operation, as well as their low maintainability and low adaptability of the design.

 The technical result to which the invention is directed is to reduce the pressing force when starting up the hydraulic unit in any (horizontal to vertical) position, as well as when the pressure of the working fluid supplied to the hydraulic unit exceeds the nominal.

 In addition, the present invention allows to simplify the manufacturing technology of hydraulic shock devices and increase their maintainability.

 The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a hydraulic shock device containing a shock mechanism and a spool distributor, a handle, a starting device in communication with the channels for supplying and discharging the working fluid, the handle and the starting device are fixed to the body, while the starting device is made in the form of a hydraulic distributor, for example a spool valve, located with the possibility of actuating it interaction with the handle element or by a manual drive.

 In addition, the housing can be made integral, and in one of the parts of the housing can be placed the percussion mechanism.

 In FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device; in FIG. 2 - constructive implementation of the part of the body bearing the percussion mechanism.

In FIG. 1-2, the following designations are adopted: 1 - body, 2 - tool, 3 - tool shank, 4 - hammer, 5 - hammer rod, 6 - working stroke plunger, 7 - control spool, 8 - control plunger, 9 - starting spool, I - idle position of the starting spool, II - operating position of the starting spool, H - pressure, C - discharge, 10 - impact chamber, 11 - lower seal, 12 - upper seal, 13 - working chamber, 14 - pressure channel, 15 - drain channel, 16 - reverse chamber, 17 - auxiliary chamber, 18 - drain control channel, 19 - control channel pressure, 20 - Control chamber 21 - overflow chamber, F _n - pressing force, F _n - force the trigger 22 - the trigger.

 The hydraulic device is a piston hydraulic shock machine with an additional distributor, working under the action of a working fluid under pressure.

 The hydraulic device works as follows.

In the absence of pressing force acting on the handle (not shown), when F _n = 0, the working fluid enters the bypass chamber 21 of the launching device 22, and due to the lack of resistance it flows directly to the drain, bypassing the internal cavity of the hydraulic unit - the hydraulic unit does not work.

When applying pressure to the hydraulic device F _{n, the} shank 3 of the tool 2 moves the hammer 4 to the right, which with its piston part 4 blocks the overflow of the working fluid into the auxiliary chamber 17 - the hydraulic device is brought into pre-start state.

With the continuation of the effect of pressing F _n , the spool 9 of the starting valve moves from position I to position II, the overflow chamber 21 is blocked, and the working fluid begins to flow into the reverse chamber 16, and due to the larger area of the reverse chamber than the area of the chamber 13 working stroke, drummer 4 begins to reverse. The return stroke is performed until the control part 23 of the stroke plungers connects the pressure control channel 19 through the auxiliary chamber 17 to the drain, which causes the slide valve 7 to switch to the extreme right position and connect the reverse chamber 16 to the drain, and the drum stroke begins 4; the working stroke of the striker 4 is performed under the influence of the working fluid entering the working stroke chamber 13 before the striker 4 collides with the shank 3 of the tool 2, while the pressure control channel 19 is connected to the working stroke chamber 13, the working fluid will begin to flow into the control chamber 20 and, acting to the control plunger 8, it will create additional force and move the spool 7 to the extreme left position, and the working fluid through the spool 7 will begin to flow into the reverse chamber 16, causing the return of the hammer 4; then the cycle repeats.

 When processing the percussion mechanism, an independent element is introduced into its scheme - spacer 24 (one of the component parts of the body), in which the striker performs a working and return stroke.

 The spacer 24 and the drummer 4 are made by an independent unit, they also allow the plunger sleeve and the plunger of the working stroke to be made as an independent unit, and to exclude the misalignment of the drummer and the plunger of the working stroke from the impact on performance and possible loss of energy parameters.

 The spacer is made with grooves longitudinal along the outer surface, which are connected to the peripheral deep-hole holes located along the hydraulic cylinder, as well as to two transverse grooves that connect the longitudinal grooves of the spacer to the auxiliary chamber 17.

Claims (3)

 1. A hydraulic shock device comprising a shock mechanism and a spool distribution device, a handle and a starting device mounted on the housing, which is made in the form of a hydraulic distributor and connected to the supply and discharge channels of the working fluid, characterized in that the hydraulic distributor is located the ability to bring it into action by interacting with the handle element or by hand drive.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is made integral, and in one of the parts of the housing is placed a percussion mechanism.  3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the starting device is made in the form of a spool valve.

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