RU2147211C1 - Trap for withdrawal of foreign bodies from hollow organs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, traps for withdrawal of foreign bodies from hollow organs; applicable in surgery of man hollow tubular organs. SUBSTANCE: trap has working part in the form of branches. Working part is made for longitudinal motion inside catheter and for catching of concrement by its turning due to helicoid structure formed by branches made of wire from biologically inert material - titanium nickelide possessing effect of superelasticity. Each branch configuration is of solid sinusoid having two bends of opposite signs with formation of at least two interconnected hollows. They are displaced relative to each other along longitudinal axis of symmetry for catching of concrement by the second hollow when concrement slips out of the fist hollow. Optimal design of trap made from biologically inert material possessing superelasticity and needing no special heating allows to withdraw concrements from pathologically twisted ducts with reliable catching and holding of concrements in execution of traction for withdrawal. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgery of hollow tubular organs of a person.

 Inflammatory processes caused by calculi of the bile and urinary tract are accompanied by significant pain and require surgical intervention.

 One method of treating such patients is the extraction of calculi using various types of traps.

 Known trap called "Pashkovsky extractor" (A.S. N 240173), adopted as a prototype. This trap is a basket type design. The trap is made of stainless steel, which limits their scope and durability.

 Known designs of traps do not allow to solve all the problems associated with the often arising difficulty of access and capture of calculi, for example, in pathologically convoluted ducts. The calculus trapped in the working part of the basket-type trap when pulling the jaws of the trap and performing traction to extract it can easily jump out of the basket cavity and remain in the duct, which happens quite often in practice. Therefore, when extracting stones, it is necessary to carry out multiple attempts to capture them.

 The objective of the invention is to create the optimal design of the trap from a biologically inert material that has superelasticity and does not require special heating, which allows to solve the problem of extracting stones from pathologically convoluted ducts and ensuring the reliability of the capture and retention of stones during traction to extract.

 The problem is solved as follows.

 The working part of the trap may contain from 2 or more wire branches made of titanium nickelide, processed for superelasticity, depending on the purpose of the trap.

 In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal projection of the working part of a two-cavity trap containing 4 branches, in FIG. 2 - its transverse projection.

 The branches 1 are made of titanium nickelide wire with superelasticity, each branch having a volume sinusoid configuration having two bends of the opposite sign with the formation of at least two interconnected cavities displaced one relative to the other along the longitudinal axis of symmetry to capture the calculus with the second cavity when slipping calculus from the first cavity. All branches at the distal and proximal ends of the working part of the structure are fixed by bushings 2.

 The working part of the trap has the possibility of longitudinal movement inside the catheter 3 in a compact elongated state. The ends of the branches are fixed in the manipulator (not shown).

 The technique of using the proposed trap involves the following sequence of manipulations: a catheter 3 with a working part compactly placed in it under x-ray or endoscopic control is inserted into the affected duct for calculus. When removed from the catheter, the structure restores its original shape due to the effect of superelasticity. When pulling the working part of the trap with the help of the manipulator, the latter makes a rotational movement due to the helicoidal shape of the jaws and captures the calculus in the proximal cavity. If during traction, the calculus slips out of the first cavity, then it is immediately captured by the second distal cavity. In this case, the working part of the trap is tightened even before the stop of the calculus in the catheter 3. After that, further traction of the calculus is carried out before it is removed. By moving the entire trap, the calculus is extracted to the outside.

 The reliability of the structure is determined by the presence of two cavities of the working part of the trap.

 The working part of the trap is made on a special mandrel, the shape of which the structure retains exactly after heat treatment for superelasticity.

Consumer properties of the object of the invention:
- in the pathology of the biliary tract (cholelithiasis, acute calculous cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis), the use of the proposed trap design allows the evacuation of calculi in patients inoperable due to the severity of the condition in especially difficult situations;
- the reliability of the design is ensured by the presence of two interconnected cavities;
- the creation of a new design of the trap increases the arsenal of surgical instruments for laparoscopic and endoscopic operations.

Claims (1)

 A trap for extracting foreign bodies from hollow organs, containing a working part in the form of jaws, characterized in that the working part is made for longitudinal movement inside the catheter and capture the calculus by rotation due to the helicoidal shape formed by branches made of a wire of biologically inert material - titanium nickelide, having the effect of superelasticity, with each branch having a volume sinusoid configuration having two bends of opposite sign with the formation of at least two connected m forward cavities are displaced relative to one another along the longitudinal axis of symmetry to capture the concretion second cavity when slipping calculus from the first cavity.

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