RU2139432C1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; engines. SUBSTANCE: proposed internal combustion engine has crankcase, cylinders with separate combustion chambers, pistons, tappers with pins connected with pistons and flywheels with shaft. Slots are made in flywheels in which bearings fitted on ends of tappet pins slide. Engine has cylinders united by combustion chamber, compressor cylinders for scavenging with pistons, and main bearings with guides for piston tappers. Tappers of pistons of cylinders united by combustion chamber are coupled with compressor cylinder pistons through rocker. Slot can be made triangular, square or hexagonal. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of engine. 4 cl, 11 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering, specifically to internal combustion engines (ICE) with a piston-cylinder group.

 A scope - all types of transport: aviation, sea, river, railway, automobile, and also stationary installations.

 The known Balandin rodless power mechanism (see USSR author's certificate N 118471), the disadvantage of which is the ratio of the piston stroke to the radius of the crank, the need for a large crankcase and a large weight.

 Partially indicated drawbacks are deprived of an internal combustion engine containing a crankcase, cylinders with separate combustion chambers, pistons, pushers with fingers connected to pistons, flywheels with a shaft, and grooves are made on the flywheels, in which bearings slide on the ends of the pusher fingers (see U.S. Patent No. 1,374,164 IPC F 02 B 75/22, 1921). However, the known engine does not have the ability for synchronous operation of the working pistons, and also lacks the connection of the working pistons with the pistons of the compressor, which does not allow for high-quality purge of the cylinders and ensure efficient operation of the engine.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the engine.

 The problem is solved in that the internal combustion engine containing the crankcase, cylinders with separate combustion chambers, pistons, pushers with fingers connected to the pistons, flywheels with a shaft, moreover, grooves are made on the flywheels, in which bearings slide on the ends of the pusher fingers, according to the invention is equipped with cylinders combined by a combustion chamber, compressor cylinders for purging with pistons and main bearings with guides for piston pushers, the piston pushers of cylinders being combined 's combustion chamber associated with the cylinder-piston compressor through a rocker.

 The groove can be made in the form of an equilateral triangle or in the form of a square or in the form of a hexagon.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view of a flywheel with a groove in the form of a triangle,
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a front view of a flywheel with a groove in the form of a square,
FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3
FIG. 5 is a first embodiment of a main bearing shell, front view,
FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5,
FIG. 7 is a second embodiment of a main bearing shell, front view,
FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 7,
FIG. 9 - shows the ratio of the piston stroke to the magnitude of the groove in the form of a triangle,
FIG. 10 - shows the ratio of the piston stroke to the size of the groove in the form of a square,
FIG. 11 - shows the ratio of the piston stroke to the size of the groove in the form of a hexagon.

 An internal combustion engine comprising a crankcase, cylinders with separate combustion chambers, pistons (not shown in the drawings), pushers 1 with fingers 2 connected to the pistons, flywheels 3 with a shaft 4, and on the flywheels 3 grooves 5 are made in which bearings slide, 2 pushers 1 mounted on the ends of the fingers 1. In addition, according to the invention, the engine is equipped with cylinders connected by a combustion chamber, compressor cylinders for purging with pistons (not shown in the drawings) and 7 main bearing shells, with guides for the pushers rshny, and pushers 1 of the pistons of the cylinders, united by a common combustion chamber, are connected with the pistons of the compressor cylinders through the rocker.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 shows a groove in the form of an equilateral triangle or square, along which bearings slide or roll under gas pressure on the pistons. The motion transducer consists of two parts: the first part is a groove, the second part see fig. 5-8 a stationary liner that performs the function of a main bearing, but with straight guides in which the pushers 1 move progressively, turning the reciprocating motion of the pistons into the rotational motion of the shaft 4. The pushers 1 are connected to the pistons and move in a straight line, the cylinders are star-shaped in the same plane . The cylinder diameter depends on the length of the pusher. Its length is calculated by the number of cylinders depending on the geometric groove. Pushers 1 are connected using the rocker arms, through the fulcrum with other pushers, which are in a different plane and transmit movement to other cylinders, but already united by the combustion chamber, namely three (for the groove in the form of an equilateral triangle). In the upper part there are purge cylinders acting as compressors. They have compressor valves. There are nine cylinders in total. The top three, with separate combustion chambers and valves. There are projections on the flywheel of the Katoval engine that drive the valve followers to open and close the valves. One ledge for intake valves, another ledge for exhaust valves. Since the cylinders are located not in the same plane, but in different places of the circle, they work sequentially and the exhaust gas is also released sequentially. The work of the cylinders, united by the combustion chamber, is in a different plane at the distance of the rocker arm and their work differs from the work of the upper cylinders, they work as a two-stroke engine. The exhaust gases pass through cylinders located in another plane, so the work of the cylinders develops, the gas force increases sequentially, first in the first cylinder, then in the second, and then in the third. The piston area remains unchanged, but the gas pressure force increases, which saves fuel, increases power, and improves engine performance as a whole. The work of the upper cylinders is six-stroke:
stroke - suction - purge
release - compression - purge
purge - stroke - suction
purge - release - compression
suction - purge - stroke
compression - purge - release.

 For one revolution of the Katoval engine, one working stroke occurs in one cylinder. The operation of the cylinders combined by the combustion chamber is push-pull: the stroke is the discharge, the intake is the compression, everything happens in 1/3 of the shaft revolution. According to the scheme, the combined cylinders work and their release coincides with the release of the first, second and third cylinders. It turns out the stroke of the first cylinder, then the stroke of the combined cylinders, the stroke of the second cylinder, then the stroke of the combined cylinders, the stroke of the third cylinder, then the stroke of the combined cylinders. For one revolution, six working moves are made. The power of such an engine is very high with low fuel consumption. If you consider the work of the rocker arm, it turns out the working stroke is performed simultaneously in the upper and lower cylinders. Combining a two-stroke engine with a six-stroke engine saves fuel, and power increases by 2 times. The cylinders, combined by a combustion chamber, provide a direct-flow purge, which increases the gas pressure.

Claims (4)

 1. An internal combustion engine comprising a crankcase, cylinders with separate combustion chambers, pistons, pushers with fingers connected to pistons, flywheels with a shaft, wherein the grooves have grooves in which the bearings slide on the ends of the pusher fingers, characterized in that the engine is equipped with cylinders combined by a combustion chamber, compressor cylinders for purging with pistons and main bearings with guides for piston pushers, and piston pushers of cylinders combined by a combustion chamber us compressor cylinders with pistons via the rocker arm.  2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove is made in the form of an equilateral triangle.  3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove is made in the form of a square.  4. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove is made in the form of a hexagon.

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