RU2128842C1 - Gear measuring speed of street-car - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement technology. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to aids measuring speed of vehicles ( street-car, locomotive, etc. ). Gear includes transmitter and recorder. Recorder incorporates master generator, frequency divider, former of counting intervals, summing counter, decoder with memory register, control circuit, matching unit and indicator. Subtracting counter with preadjustment and switches form device that corrects counting interval. Insertion of device that corrects counting interval makes it possible to keep specified measurement error of speed during life-time of street-car that is to avoid growth of measurement error of speed of street-car after repair of wheels and to expand its capabilities by that. EFFECT: expanded capabilities of gear. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to measuring equipment and can be used to measure the speed of the tram.

 Known devices for a similar purpose, consisting of a series-connected sensor, amplifier, pulse shaper and recorder (see Utyamyshev RI Radio-electronic equipment for the study of physiological processes. M. 1969, p. 74-77). The closest technical solution to the claimed is the device described in A.S. N 1061051 IPC G 013/46, containing a series-connected sensor, amplifier, pulse shaper with load located in the sensor housing, as well as a recorder and a transformer.

 The known device, as well as the above technical solutions have limited capabilities, because they do not take into account the change in the diameter of the wheels after their repair, reaching 15% in diameter during the period of operation of the tram, which leads to a significant increase in the error in measuring speed. The aim of the present invention is to expand the capabilities of the device by eliminating the error in measuring the speed of the tram after changing the diameter of the wheels (repair).

 This goal is achieved by the fact that a master oscillator, a frequency divider, a counter interval shaper, a totalizer, a decoder with a memory register, a control circuit, a matching device, an indicator and, optionally, an interval correction device are introduced into the device containing the sensor and the recorder connected in series bills containing a subtracting counter with a preset and switches located in the recorder's case; the output of the master oscillator is connected to the input of the frequency divider, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the control circuit; the second output is connected to the counting input of the subtracting counter with a preset, and the third output of the divider is connected to the first input of the counting interval shaper and to the enable input of the preset of the subtracting counter, the transfer output of which is connected to the second input of the counting interval shaper, and the preset inputs are connected to the switches specifying the value changes in the counting interval depending on the wheel diameter, the output of the counting interval shaper is connected to the second input of the control circuit and the input of the resolution of the counting uyuschego counter, second (counting) the input of which communicates with the output matching network having an input connected to the output of the sensor; the third input (reset input) of the totalizing counter is connected to the first output of the control circuit, and the output of the totalizing counter interacts with the decoder data input with a memory register, the second input (recording input) of which is connected to the second output of the control circuit, and the output is connected to the indicator input.

 The drawing shows a functional diagram of the proposed device for measuring the speed of the tram.

 The device comprises a sensor 1 and a recorder 2, consisting of a master oscillator 3, a frequency divider 4, an interval shaper 5, a totalizer 6 (binary decimal), a decoder with a memory register 7, indicator 8, control circuit 9, matching device 10 and device correction of the interval count 11, containing a subtracting counter with a preset 12 and switches 13.

 The device operates as follows. The sensor 1 is mounted on the gearbox of the tram wheel pair, during rotation of which an axial modulator made in the form of a gear rotating disk periodically blocks the light path from the emitter to the photodetector and modulates the light flux in the infrared spectrum depending on the speed of rotation of the tram wheel pair. At the output of the sensor 1 there are signals with a frequency directly proportional to the speed of rotation of the wheelset, which, through the matching device 10, enters the counting input of the summing counter.

At the input of the resolution of the count of this counter 6, a pulse T _c is supplied from the shaper of the interval of the count 5, during which the counter 6 sums the sensor pulses. At the end of the signal T _with the control circuit 9, the counting result is recorded in the decoder with the memory register 7 and the summing counter 6 is reset. The device 7 decodes the recorded number and sends it to the indicator 8 until the end of the next measurement cycle. The formation of the count interval T _o is as follows: the beginning of the pulse T _o coincides with the beginning of the pulse coming from the output of the divider 4 and having a duration of T _o / 2. During the operation of this pulse, the operation of the subtracting counter with preset 12 at input E is blocked and the writing operation to the subtracting counter with preset 12 of the number specified by switch 13 is performed. At the end of the pulse of duration T _o / 2, the subtracting counter with preset 12 starts counting the pulses arriving at its counting input to the output T1 of the intermediate frequency divider 4, a subtractor for zeroing the counter 12 overflows with preset signal P is performed to complete formation interval counting device 5. T _c T kim, the duration of the change in interval T _c accounts via switches 13 is made compensation velocity measurement errors due to changes in diameter of the wheel after repair. The presence of an unchanged part T _c equal to T _o / 2 allows to reduce the bit depth of the subtracting counter 12 and the number of switches 13 for a given error of speed measurement.

где D - диаметр колеса в метрах;
m - число импульсов с датчика 1 за один оборот колеса;
T_c - интервал счета в секундах;
N - число импульсов с датчика за время T_c.The value of the tram speed V is determined by the formula

where D is the diameter of the wheel in meters;
m is the number of pulses from sensor 1 per wheel revolution;
T _c - counting interval in seconds;
N is the number of pulses from the sensor during the time T _c .

Отсюда при известных значениях D и m

Максимальный интервал счета формируется устройством по принципу T_c = 0,5 T_o + 2^К • T₁, где T_o определяется по минимально допустимому значению диаметра колеса D_min в конце эксплуатации, T₁ - по допустимой погрешности измерения скорости из-за износа. K - количество переключателей, которое определяется по необходимому диапазону изменений диаметра при эксплуатации (D_max - D_min) и выбранному значению T₁. Таким образом, введение в измеритель скорости трамвая устройства коррекции интервала счета позволяет сохранить неизменной заданную погрешность измерения скорости в течение всего времени эксплуатации трамвая, в том числе и после ремонта (обточки) колесных пар, тем самым расширяя его возможности.In order to determine the speed by simply adding pulses from the sensor, it is necessary that

Hence, for the known values of D and m

The maximum counting interval is formed by the device according to the principle T _c = 0.5 T _o + 2 ^K • T ₁ , where T _o is determined by the minimum allowable diameter of the wheel D _min at the end of operation, T ₁ - by the allowable error of speed measurement due to wear . K is the number of switches, which is determined by the required range of diameter changes during operation (D _max - D _min ) and the selected value of T ₁ . Thus, the introduction of a counting interval correction device to the tram speed meter allows you to keep the predetermined speed measurement error constant throughout the life of the tram, including after repair (turning) of wheel sets, thereby expanding its capabilities.

Claims (1)

 A device for measuring the speed of a tram comprising a sensor and a registrar, characterized in that the registrar consists of a master oscillator, a frequency divider, a meter interval shaper, a totalizer, a decoder with a memory register, a control circuit, a matching device, an indicator and, optionally, a meter for calculating the interval containing a subtracting counter with a preset and switches, while the output of the master oscillator is connected to the input of the frequency divider, the first output of which is connected to the first input control circuits, the second output is with the counting input of the subtracting counter with a preset, and the third output is with the first input of the counting interval shaper and with the enable input of the preset of the subtracting counter, the output of which is connected to the second input of the counting interval shaper, and the preset inputs are connected to the switches specifying the change in the counting interval depending on the change in wheel diameter, the output of the counting interval shaper is connected to the second input of the control circuit and the input of the resolution of the count summing with a counter whose input is connected to the output of the matching device, the input of the matching device is connected to the sensor output, the reset input of the totalizing counter is connected to the first output of the control circuit, and the output is connected to the data input of the decoder with a memory register, the recording input of which is connected to the second output of the control circuit , and the output is connected to the indicator input.