RU212507U1 - COLLAPSIBLE TRANSFORMABLE DUGGING - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of armaments and military equipment, in particular to fortifications for the protection of personnel in positions and areas where troops are located. What is new in the proposed technical solution for a collapsible transformable dugout is that in it collapsible transformable blocks are made detachable, assembled from wall panels and connected by means of hinges to the elements of the coating and floor, having protruding restrictive strips, built-in mechanisms for fixing and locking in the form valves with handles and limiters, located on one side of the roof and floor panels, and their corresponding coaxial built-in cylindrical holes with guide openings in opposite mating elements of the roof, floor and wall, and in the elements of the roof on one side skipped control cables for the forced opening of the valves, hinges elements of the covering panels are fixed at a distance of 1/2 of the hinge diameter below the line of the upper end of the wall panels, the hinges of the elements of the floor panels are attached to the wall panels above the bottom of its end at a distance of at least two thicknesses of the wall panel, the side ends of the wall panels are provided with fast removable docking locks. Theoretical studies carried out in the process of developing the proposed utility model of the dugout confirmed that, according to the main tactical and technical characteristics and according to the criterion "effectiveness of combat use - cost", the proposed technical solution has indicators 1.5-1.75 times higher compared to the known ones. analogues.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of armaments and military equipment, in particular to fortifications for the protection of personnel in positions and areas where troops are located.

A construction is known - a dugout of a shield structure for 8 people, which is arranged from pre-prepared shields "Military fortifications" [Text], a practical guide, M: Military Publishing House, 1984, chipboard. The dugout consists of a main room and an entrance equipped with a BD-50 door unit. The main disadvantages of the dugout are its dependence on the availability of timber (saw) material and the capabilities of field military sawmills for the manufacture of structural elements (shields), as well as its one-time use, since the structure is not removed and is not used when changing positions.

Known light frame-fabric structure LKTS - dugout designed to protect the personnel of offices, crews and crews in positions and areas where troops are located. The structure consists of a main room, a protective hermetic hatch and a draft entrance. The skeleton of the structure is assembled from a duralumin frame and a shell made of reinforced film material. The small weight (100 kg) and dimensions of the structure in the transport position allow it to be transported together with the personnel of the units on standard vehicles. The main disadvantage of the structure is the impossibility of its quick extraction when changing positions (Military fortifications "[Text], a practical guide, M: Military Publishing House, 1984).

The closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of the technical essence of protection to the proposed dugout device, which can be taken as a prototype, is a quick-removable metal structure "Package". The structure consists of two foldable cylindrical blocks of the main room and a tambour block with an inclined entrance, two end diaphragms and one dismantling partition, the tambour is separated from the main room by a hermetic partition. The blocks are collapsible, transformable when folded for extraction. Unlike other structures, the design of the “Packet” structure can be transformed into the shape of an arrow-shaped package and removed from under the soil filling using a crane. The kit for extracting the structure includes cable devices and a dismantling partition (Military fortifications "[Text], a practical guide, M: Military Publishing House, 1984). The main disadvantages are the need for crane equipment for the installation and extraction of the structure and the large mass of the structure.

The objective of the proposed technical device is to improve its performance through design, allowing to eliminate the above disadvantages.

The specified technical result of quick extraction is achieved in that the collapsible transformable dugout, which includes the main room and the entrance, is made of collapsible transformable detachable blocks, characterized in that the main room and the entrance are made of blocks assembled from wall panels with attached by means of hinges by elements of the covering and the floor, which provide a change in the shape and dimensions of the block when removed, forming two packages. Protruding limiting strips provide a snug fit between the wall and floor panels during assembly joining of the dugout blocks.

Built-in locking and locking mechanisms in the form of valves with handles and limiters are located on one side of the floor and floor panels and the corresponding coaxial built-in cylindrical holes with guide openings in opposite mating elements of the floor and floor, and in the elements of the floor, on one side, control cables for forced opening valves. These features ensure the creation of a rectangular block shape during assembly, stability and strength from external loads (soil pressure, explosion), safe extraction of the dugout from under the ground. Gate valves are controlled from the ground.

The hinge axes of the elements of the covering panels are fixed at a distance of 1/2 of the hinge diameter below the plane of the upper end of the wall panel. This makes it possible to use the walls as additional supports, which increases the stability of the block in the assembly and the strength under the action of an external load.

The hinge axes of the floor panels are attached to the wall panels above their lower end at a distance of no more than 3 thicknesses of the wall panels, which ensures the stability of the walls during assembly, by pushing the end of the bottom of the wall into the ground, the possibility of horizontal displacement during assembly and preparation for extraction is reduced block reduces the load on the floor panel.

The side ends of the wall panels are equipped with quick-detachable docking locks, which ensures the creation of a more durable integral structure of the dugout during assembly and preparation of the structure for extraction.

Thus, the presence of new structural elements, their interconnections, mutual arrangement and form of execution in the claimed device provide a complex target function - assembly in a pit and extraction from under the ground. The specified technical result of reducing the mass of the structure is achieved by using a composite material in the structure, based on nanotechnology with desired properties.

The essence of the proposed design of the dugout is illustrated by the following images:

in fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a dugout in a pit with soil filling;

in fig. 2 shows a cross section of a dugout in a pit with soil filling;

in fig. 3 shows a general view of the dugout on the surface;

in fig. 4 shows a view from the inside of the dugout on the end partition;

in fig. 5 shows a view from the inside of the dugout on the end partition with a protective door;

in fig. 6 shows the input block;

in fig. 7 shows a collapsible transformable block assembly;

in fig. 8 shows the wall panel of the collapsible transformable block in the transport position (when removed);

in fig. 9 shows a section of docked roof panels with a built-in locking and fastening mechanism in the open state of the valve;

in fig. 10 shows a section of the docked roof panels with an integrated locking and fastening mechanism in the closed state of the valve;

in fig. 11 shows a section of docked floor panels with an integrated locking and fastening mechanism in the closed state;

in fig. 12 shows a section of the cover panel with the position of the handle of the built-in locking and fastening mechanism in the open (raised) and closed (lowered) positions;

in fig. 13 shows a section of a cover panel with a valve with stoppers in a coaxial cylindrical hole with guide slots;

in fig. 14 shows the kinematics of block transformation during extraction;

in fig. 15 shows a wall panel with roof and floor panel elements in transformation;

in fig. 16 shows the preparation of the block for removal - the unfastening of the floor panels among themselves;

in fig. 17 shows the preparation of the block for removal - lifting and fixing the floor panels to the wall panels;

in fig. 18 shows the fastening of the coating panels to each other with the help of a cable and the collapse of the soil filling into the vacated space;

in fig. 19 shows the position of wall panels with elements of floor and roof panels after soil collapse.

The proposed technical solution, a dugout, consists of the main room 1 and entrance 2. The main room 1 and entrance 2 are assembled from transformable blocks 3 and end diaphragms 4.

The collapsible transformable block 3 consists of wall panels 5, which are connected by means of the upper 6 and lower hinges 7 with the covering elements 8 and 9, the floor 10 and 11, respectively, and are equipped with restrictive overhead strips 12.

In the elements of the cover 8 and the floor 10 there are built-in mechanisms for fixing and fastening 13 in the form of valves - rods 14 with handles 15 and limiters (stoppers) 16 in the form of protruding plates. In the cover elements 8, the valves - rods 14, on the side of the handles 15, are connected to the control cables 17. In the corresponding opposite panels of the cover 9, floor 11 and wall 5, coaxial built-in cylindrical holes 18 are provided, in which guide slots 19 are arranged along their entire length for movement of the stopper plate 16. At the end of the cylindrical holes 18 of the cover panels 9 and the floor 11, cylindrical spaces 20 are provided for turning and fixing the stopper plate 16.

The axes of the upper hinges 6 of the cover panels 8 and 9 are fixed to the wall panels 5 at a distance of 1/2 of the hinge diameter 6 below the plane of the upper end of the wall 5.

The axes of the lower hinges 7 of the floor panels 10 and 11 are fixed to the wall panels 5 at a distance of no more than 3 thicknesses above the plane of the lower end of the wall 5.

The side ends of the wall panels 5 are equipped with quick-detachable docking devices 19.

The valve 13 is made in the form of a rod 14, at one end of which stoppers 16 are arranged, and at the other end, perpendicular to the plane of the protrusions, the handle 15.

Coaxial holes 18 in the thickness of the elements of the panels of the cover 8 and 9, floors 10 and 11 are made in the form of cavities of circular cross section, having guide cavities 19 along the length of the body of the valves 14 for the stoppers 16.

The latches 13 with stoppers 16 are placed in their respective coaxial holes 18 of the elements of the panels of the cover 8 and 9, the floor 10 and 11. The cover elements 8 and 9 have control cables 17, which are fixed at one end to the valves 13. The other (free) end of the cable 17 passes inside the hole 18 of the floor panels 8 and goes out.

The ends of the side walls 5 when joining blocks 3 are equipped with quick-release locks 19.

For the construction of the dugout, a breakdown of the pit and its passage is carried out. The bottom of the pit is planned and leveled for the assembly of the dugout. The calculation for the assembly of the dugout is 3 people.

Wall panels 5 with hinged roof panels 8 (9) and floor panels 11 (10), the main room and the entrance, the entrance wall panel 5 without floor and wall panels connected to it, end partitions 4 are fed into the open pit. All panels are placed along walls of the pit opposite each other.

The erection of the dugout is carried out in the following sequence:

the end block 3 of the dugout is assembled (opposite to the entrance), for this, the wall panel 5 is installed on the soil of the bottom of the pit, the floor panel 10 is unfastened from the wall panel 5 and lowered to the bottom of the pit;

similarly, actions are performed with the other opposite wall panel 5 with the floor panel 11;

floor panels 10 and 11 are joined to each other, fixed by extending the latch 14 from the floor panel 10 into the coaxial built-in cylindrical hole 18 of the floor panel 11 and fixed with stoppers 16 by turning the handle 15 of the latch 14 in the floor element 11. In this case, the wall panels 5 or are held in a vertical position or rest with the upper ends on the steepness of the pit;

unfasten the cover panels 8 and 9, raise them, join them together, fix them by extending the valve 14 from the cover panel into the coaxial built-in cylindrical hole 18 of the cover panel 9 and fix them with stoppers 16 by turning the valve 14 in the cover panel 9. Similarly, the subsequent blocks 3 of the main room 1 of the dugout are assembled . Blocks 3 are connected to each other in the longitudinal direction and fixed with quick-detachable docking devices 19;

install and fix the end partition 4 and the end partition 4 with a protective door to the blocks 3;

Similarly, the wall panel 5 is deployed with hinged panels of the cover 8 and the floor 10 of the entrance and is joined to the wall panel 5 without the cover and floor panels, fixed with stoppers 16 by turning the latch 14 in the wall element 5.

Install folding seats and bunk beds. Next, the dugout is covered with soil.

Extraction of the dugout from under the soil filling is carried out in the following sequence:

unfasten blocks 3 of the main room 1 between themselves, with an entrance 2 and end partitions 4. If there is household equipment, seats, bunks, they are folded and fixed or taken out;

the stoppers 16 are disengaged from the floor panel 11 by turning the latch 14 and transferred to the floor panel 10 (to the initial position before assembly), the floor panels 10 and 11 are disconnected from each other, lifted and fixed to the wall panels 5;

the stoppers 16 are disengaged from the cover panel 11 by turning the latch 14. The latch remains in the position of connection of the floor panels 8 and 9.

Other blocks are prepared for extraction in the same way.

Then, by means of a control cable, manually or with the help of an infantry fighting vehicle (armored personnel carrier, etc.), the valves are transferred to floor panels 8. The covering panels are folded, the soil of the backfill falls down to the bottom of the pit, and the active lateral pressure of the soil contributes to its sliding. Elements of wall panels 5 with cover panels 8 (9) and floor panels 10 (11) are released from the main load of soil filling. Wall elements with floor and floor panels, end partitions are dragged out by machinery or manually by calculation (separation). They are cleared of soil and placed on a vehicle for transportation to a new location.

The transformation of the dugout is carried out by disassembling and folding the roof and floor panels when removed from under the ground. This is achieved by fixing and fastening the latches and the corresponding coaxial holes in the roof, floor and wall panels.

The design of the dugout is reusable, which makes it possible to provide the required protection and rest for personnel when equipping positions and areas for conducting maneuverable combat operations. The dugout extraction time is up to 30 min.

Theoretical studies carried out in the process of developing the proposed utility model of the dugout confirmed that, according to the main tactical and technical characteristics and according to the criterion "effectiveness of combat use - cost", the proposed technical solution has indicators 1.5-1.75 times higher compared to known analogues.

Claims (1)

A collapsible transformable dugout, which includes the main room and the entrance, made of collapsible transformable blocks connected to each other, characterized in that the main room and the entrance are made of blocks assembled from wall panels connected by means of hinges to the covering elements and floors having protruding limiting bars, built-in locking and locking mechanisms in the form of valves with handles and limiters located on one side of the floor and floor panels, and corresponding coaxial built-in cylindrical holes with guide openings in opposite mating elements of the floor, floor and wall, moreover on one side, control cables for forced opening of the valves are skipped in the elements of the coating, the hinges of the elements of the roof panels are fixed at a distance of 1/2 of the hinge diameter below the line of the upper end of the wall panels, the hinges of the elements of the floor panels are attached to the wall panels above the bottom of its end at a distance of at least two x thicknesses of the wall panel, and collapsible transformable blocks are interconnected by means of quick-detachable docking locks fixed on the side ends of the wall panels.

Images