RU2121124C1 - Weapon using liquid propelling substance - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: firearms using liquid and/or gaseous propelling substance. SUBSTANCE: weapon using liquid propelling substance has barrel with bore, loading chamber with loading window and lock shutting loading window that has longitudinal hole and feeding conduit facing longitudinal hole where needle with piston attached to it is mounted for movement into loading chamber. Piston is positioned in front of outlet of feeding conduit into longitudinal hole. Loading chamber with loading window is made in body joined to barrel. Lock is put into body behind loading window. Second loading chamber similar to first one is made in body and has loading window where second lock identical to first one is positioned. Combustion chamber, two conduits connecting it to loading chambers and conduit in the form of nozzle leading out of combustion chamber and uniaxial to bore are manufactured in body in front of front walls of loading chambers. Igniter is placed in body with outlet to combustion chamber, lock including wedge that has through conduit uniaxial to bore and having dimensions ensuring positioning of projectile is mounted between face wall of combustion chamber and face of barrel. Second combustion chamber and two conduits communicating rear parts of loading chambers and second combustion chamber is fabricated in body between loading chambers. Igniter is set in body with exit to second combustion chamber and two blades are mounted for movement into loading chambers at points outlets of mentioned conduits. EFFECT: separate feeding and isolated location of fuel and oxidizer in loading chambers, their separate feeding to combustion chamber and maintenance of relatively constant pressure in space behind projectile. 1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to firearms using liquid and / or gaseous propellant, IPC 6 F 41 A 1/04.

 A known weapon design using a liquid propellant and containing a barrel, a receiver in which there is a combustion chamber in the form of a through channel, the camera is connected by a channel to the fuel supply chamber and the second channel to the oxidizer supply chamber, the fuel supply chamber is connected by a channel to the initiating device, the camera the oxidizer feed is connected by a channel to a second initiating device, each of which contains a chamber and a piston with a pusher (journal "Technique and Armament" N 1, 1971, p. 11 Military Publishing House USSR Ministry of Defense).

 For a shot, the first projectile is fed into the bore, the second projectile is sent to the back of the combustion chamber, the fuel and oxidizer are respectively supplied to the fuel and oxidizer chambers, the oxidizer is fed into the initiating device chamber connected to the fuel supply chamber, and the connected device to the initiator chamber with an oxidizer feed chamber, fuel is supplied. Then, simultaneously with the pistons, the oxidizing agent and the fuel are displaced from the chambers of initiating devices into the fuel supply chamber and into the oxidizer supply chamber. Self-ignition of the mixture occurs in both chambers and, under the pressure of the resulting gases, the fuel and oxidizer are displaced into the combustion chamber between the first and second shells, where they are mixed and burned. In the chamber, incl. behind and in front of the shells pressure forms with a sharp jump, which leads to an increase in the dimensions and weight of the weapon and reduces the reliability and safety of its operation.

 A known weapon design using a liquid propellant containing a barrel with a charging chamber and breech and a wedge bolt with a wedge having an opening in which a needle with an axial channel and a piston fixed to it is mounted to move into the chamber, behind which a feed channel enters the hole made in the wedge. RF application for the invention N 92002595/23 IPC 6 F 41 A 1/04, publication in the official bulletin N 2, 1995. During the operation of the weapon, the front part of the needle is inserted into the chamber, into the container fed into the chamber before firing for placement and ignition propellant. A mixture of fuel and an oxidizing agent is fed along the axial channel of the needle under the shell of the container, which, when filled, is pressed against its wall. The propellant is ignited by the device in the container and burns. The relatively fast combustion of the entire propellant charge in the charging chamber generates pressure in the projectile volume with a sharp jump. To limit the pressure during the period of its jump, the charge of the propellant supplied to the charging chamber is limited, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the weapon. The presence in the charging chamber of the entire charge of a propellant, including fuel and an oxidizing agent, as well as the presence of an ignition device imposes restrictions on the intensity of the weapon in order to ensure its trouble-free operation.

 The problem to which the invention is directed, is to create a weapon design that provides separate supply and isolated placement of fuel and oxidizer in the charging chambers, their subsequent separate supply to the combustion chamber and maintaining a relatively constant pressure in the shell volume.

 The problem is solved in that in a weapon using a liquid throwing substance and containing a barrel with a channel, a charging chamber with an inlet window and a shutter closing the inlet window, made with a longitudinal hole and with a supply channel opening into the longitudinal hole in which it is installed with the possibility moving the needle into the charging chamber with a piston fixed on it, the piston being located in front of the outlet of the inlet channel into the longitudinal hole, the charging chamber with the charging window is made in the housing connected to the barrel e, in which a shutter is installed behind the charging window, in the case, similarly to the first, a second charging chamber is made with a charging window, behind which a second shutter, similar to the first, is installed, in the case, in front of the front walls of the charging chambers, there is a combustion chamber, two channels connecting a combustion chamber with charging chambers, and a channel in the form of a nozzle exiting the combustion chamber coaxially to the barrel channel, an ignition device is installed in the housing with an exit to the combustion chamber, and between the end wall of the combustion chamber and the barrel end n a shutter containing a wedge in which a through channel is made, coaxial with the bore of the barrel and having dimensions providing for the placement of the projectile, a second combustion chamber and two channels are made in the housing between the charging chambers and two channels connecting the rear parts of the charging chambers to the second combustion chamber in the housing, with exit to the second combustion chamber, an ignition device is installed and two knives are installed with the ability to move into charging chambers at the places of exits of these channels.

 In FIG. 1 is a sectional view, a plan view, of a weapon using liquid propellant. The weapon contains a barrel 1 connected to the housing 2, in which there is a combustion chamber 3, a charging chamber 4 with a charging window 5, a charging chamber 6 with a charging window 7, channels 8 and 9 connecting the chambers 4 and 6 with the chamber 3, channel 10, made in the form of a nozzle and a groove 11, in which a shutter is located, containing a wedge 12 having a channel 13. An ignition device 14 is fixed in the housing 2, a wedge shutter is located, containing a wedge 15 behind the charging window 5, and a wedge shutter is located, containing the wedge 16 window 7. In the wedge 15 of the shutter there is an opening 17 in which A piston 19 is mounted with a possibility of moving into the chamber 4. A piston 19 is fixed on the needle 18. There is an inlet channel 20 in the wedge 15. There is an opening 21 in the wedge 16 in which the needle 22 is mounted with the possibility of moving the needle 22 into the chamber 5. The wedge 16 has an inlet channel 24. A shell 25 is located in the channel 13. An element in the form of a sleeve 26 is located in the charging window 5, from which the shell 27 is extended. In the charging window 7 there is an element in the form of a sleeve 28, from which the shell 29 is pulled out.

 In FIG. 2 shows a device contained in the weapon of FIG. 1 for a variant of the weapon in which pressure on the fuel in the oxidizer, for their displacement from the chambers 4 and 6, is formed due to the combustion of part of the fuel. The device comprises a combustion chamber 30, a channel 31 and a channel 32, made in the form of a nozzle in the housing 2. In the housing 2, a knife 33 and a knife 34 are arranged to move into the chambers 4 and 6. An ignition device 35 is installed in the housing 2 and exits into the chamber 30 .

 A weapon using the liquid propellant shown in FIG. 1 works as follows. Wedge 15 and wedge 16 are moved to the lowest position. An element in the form of a sleeve 26 is fed into the charging window 5. An element in the form of a sleeve 28 is fed into the charging window 7. The wedges 15 and 16 are moved to their highest position. Fuel is supplied through channel 20, and oxidizer is supplied through channel 24. Fuel presses on the piston 19 and moves it along with the needle 18 forward, while the front of the needle 18 is inserted into the inside of the element 26. The oxidizing agent presses on the piston 23 and moves it along with the needle 22 forward, while the front of the needle 22 is inserted into the inside of the element 28 Through the needle 18, the fuel enters under the sheath 27, pressing it against the walls of the chamber 4. Through the needle 22, the oxidizing agent enters under the sheath 29, pressing it against the walls of the chamber 6. The fuel and oxidizer are cut off. The needle 18 and the needle 22 are moved to the extreme rear position, while their front parts are removed from the elements 26 and 28. The powder charges in the elements 26 and 28 are ignited. Under gas pressure, the fuel breaks the shell 27, and the oxidizer breaks the shell 29. Fuel through the channel 8 and the oxidizing agent through channel 9 enters the combustion chamber 3, where they are mixed. An igniter device 14 is energized. The mixture of fuel and oxidizer ignites. The gases formed through the channel 10 enter the channel 13, press on the projectile 25 and move it into the bore 1. The fuel and the oxidizing agent relatively continuously enter through the channels 8 and 9 into the combustion chamber 3. After the fuel is burned, the gases through the channel 10, which is made in the form nozzles, relatively constantly enter the channel 13 and the channel of the barrel 1. As a result, a relatively constant pressure is maintained in the casing volume. After the fuel and oxidizer are completely displaced from the chambers 4 and 6, the shell 27 and 29 are completely burned. After the mixture is completely burned in the chamber 3, the projectile 25 is ejected from the bore 1. The residual gases from the chambers 4 and 6 and the chamber 3 are ejected through the bore 1. Wedges 15 and 16 are moved to their lowest position. Elements 26 and 28 are removed from the charging window 5 and the charging window 7, which are reflected outside the arms. The following elements are supplied to the charging windows 5 and 7 in the form of sleeves 26 and 28. The wedges 15 and 16 are moved to their highest position. The weapon is ready to supply fuel and oxidizer. Etc.

 The weapon depicted in FIG. 1 and containing the device depicted in FIG. 2, works as follows. Elements in the form of sleeves 26 and 28, in which there are no powder charges to displace the fuel and oxidizer, are fed into the charging windows 5 and 7. Wedges 15 and 16 are moved to their highest position. Similarly to the above, fuel and oxidizer are supplied respectively to charging chambers 4 and 6. For the shot, the knife 33 and the knife 34 are simultaneously moved to the charging chambers 4 and 6. The knife 33 cuts the sheath 27, the knife 34 cuts the sheath 29. The knife 33 and the knife 34 are moved to the initial position. Through a cut in the shell 27, fuel enters through the channel 31 into the chamber 30. Through a cut in the shell 29, the oxidizing agent enters through the channel 32 into the chamber 30, where the mixture is formed. A voltage is supplied to the igniter device 35. The mixture in chamber 30 ignites and burns. The gases formed through the channels in the form of nozzles 31 and 32 are relatively constantly supplied to the charging chambers 4 and 6 and displace the fuel and oxidizer into the combustion chamber 3. Further, the firing process proceeds as described above.

Claims (2)

 1. Weapons using a liquid propellant containing a barrel with a channel, a charging chamber with a charging window and a shutter closing the inlet window, made with a longitudinal hole and a supply channel extending into a longitudinal hole in which the needle is mounted with the possibility of moving into the charging chamber a piston fixed to it, and the piston is located in front of the outlet of the supply channel into a longitudinal hole, characterized in that the charging chamber with a charging window is made in a housing connected to the barrel, in which a shutter is installed in the core window, in the case, like the first, a second charging chamber with a charging window is made, behind which a second shutter is installed, similar to the first, in the case in front of the front walls of the charging chambers there is a combustion chamber, two channels connecting the combustion chamber to the charging chambers, and a channel in the form of a nozzle exiting the combustion chamber coaxially with the barrel channel, an ignition device is installed in the housing with access to the combustion chamber, and a shutter is installed between the end wall of the combustion chamber and the barrel end, containing conductive wedge, which is formed through a channel coaxial with the channel and having a barrel sized for placement of the projectile.  2. The weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that the second combustion chamber and two channels are made in the housing between the charging chambers and two channels connecting the rear parts of the charging chambers to the second combustion chamber, an ignition device is installed in the housing with an exit to the second combustion chamber and two knives are installed with the ability to move to the charging chamber at the exit points of these channels.

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