RU2117988C1 - Device for registration of characteristics of technological processes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information instruments, in particular, for automatic control equipment for scientific experiments when complex physical objects are investigated, industrial automatic control equipment. SUBSTANCE: device has first and second memory units, central processing unit, system interface, control units for initiation signals for conversion, control signal generator. In addition device has information, control and information-control buses which provides connection of said units. Device provides registration of information from detectors which differ in their type and speed, possibility to get express information from complete information flow generated by object, and exclude information losses by means of frame recording. This results in possibility simultaneous registration of information flows with different dynamics (with fast and slow alternation). EFFECT: increased functional capabilities. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to information-measuring equipment, and more specifically to systems for recording parameters of technological processes, and can be used in automation systems by scientific experiments (SANE) when testing complex physical objects, and can also be used in various general industrial automated process control systems processes (APCS).

 Tests of complex technical objects, such as gas turbine, jet, rocket engines, turbopump units, powerful power plants, are characterized by a number of specific features, the main of which is the heterogeneity of information flows coming from the tested products, imposing serious restrictions on the use of serial recording devices for recording telemetric information .

 The fact is that the duration of the experimental work is in a wide range: from 0.001 to 3000 s, and the total time of the experiments and the intervals between them reaches 15,000 hours.

 In addition, during the experiment, the task arises of obtaining express information with the aim of making adjustments to the test process, which becomes possible when comparing and analyzing the entire series of data objects generated during testing.

 Since the information is taken from sensors of various types and speeds, the polling frequencies of these sensors are also different. Therefore, in the practice of electrical measurements and telemetry, the parameters were conditionally divided into "slow-changing" and fast-changing "and, accordingly, according to this conditional sign, recording devices and systems were developed using appropriate information carriers (electrographic paper, magnetic tapes and disks, etc.).

 This traditional approach is unacceptable when conducting experiments on the development of complex physical objects due to the difficulty of obtaining express data due to the need to convert information to a single standard and reduce all received information to a single data bank, which requires the use of a high-power computing system and considerable time costs.

 This circumstance causes, firstly, high costs for software and additional equipment, and, secondly, at the same time leads to additional error in connection with the conversion of information to a single standard.

 When conducting ground tests of complex physical objects, in particular rocket engines under simulated space conditions that require high energy consumption, time delays in receiving express information are unacceptable, since the cost of testing increases significantly. At the same time, bringing information into a single data bank from various storage media leads to the accumulation of systematic errors, which drastically reduces the reliability of the information and the reliability of the tests as a whole.

 Therefore, the task of creating a device for recording the parameters of technological processes of experimental studies of complex physical objects is relevant.

 A device for recording technological parameters, comprising a commutator of a group of AND elements according to the number of groups of connected sensors, a control unit, a synchronization unit, a clock generator, a memory unit, a counter of measurement and processing results, a unit for accumulating and reading parameter values, a unit for generating a three-parameter quadratic dependence, and print unit [1].

 In the analog device [1], in order to increase the accuracy of registration, linearization is used by the piecewise linear approximation method. However, an analog device [1] can only be used to register a homogeneous flow of information generated by sensors of slowly varying parameters, which is caused by a specified period of reading information.

 Thus, the limited functionality of the analog device [1] does not allow using it as part of the SANE for recording the parameters of technological processes for testing complex physical objects.

 The closest in technical essence to the invention is a device for recording parameters of a rapidly changing process [2].

 The prototype device [2] contains two memory units, an external memory unit connected by information and control buses, sensor equipment.

 The prototype device [2] uses a paper medium. The input signal in the form of an N-bit parallel code is fed to the input of the device and then to the outputs of the least significant bits of the address of the first or second memory block. In this case, the first memory block is in write mode, and the second in read mode. At the same time, the synchronization pulses from the synchronization block arrive at the information input of the memory block, which is in the information recording mode.

 When M values of the input signal and, correspondingly, M clock pulses are received at the device input, the upper and lower bits of the address code are recorded. After receipt of samples at the input of the recorder M x N, the recording process stops and the operating mode of the memory blocks changes with the trailing edge of the last recorded signal.

 In the prototype device [2], a sequential poll of one of two memory blocks in read mode is performed. For one cycle of the address generator of the electrodes on paper, a horizontal curve is recorded on a paper line corresponding to one level of the input signal, M samples of the input signal are recorded "vertically". Thus, a frame is formed in which the levels of the input signal are deployed vertically due to the continuous movement of the carrier, and time zones t are deployed horizontally due to the location of the electrodes in the comb.

 The prototype device [2], in contrast to the analog device [1], allows you to register rapidly changing parameters, while providing information compression by M times, thereby reducing the consumption of paper media.

 When conducting tests of complex physical objects, the recorded array of parameters (pressure, temperature, vibration, force, current, voltage, light radiation, etc.) is almost impossible to attribute to slowly - or rapidly changing, because during one test of the product any of the parameters can relate to any of these groups.

 In addition, the intrinsic dynamic characteristics of the sensors and the differences in the transmission coefficients of the telemetry channels lead to different polling frequencies for each parameter.

 The prototype device [2] allows you to record a homogeneous flow of information with an unchanged polling frequency, which, if used in a bench SANE, will, firstly, lead to a significant increase in memory, since all parameters must be interrogated with a maximum frequency, and a decrease in the cycle reading will lead to a distortion of the reliability of the input signal information due to non-compliance with the conditions of the Kotelnikov theorem, which is unacceptable by the technology of testing.

 Thus, the narrow functional capabilities of the prototype device [2] limit its use as a part of bench SANE when testing complex physical objects.

 The technical problem solved by the invention is to expand the functionality of the device by simultaneously registering various streams of information.

 This is achieved by the fact that a central processor, a system interface, a control module, an initiative signal module, a driver of control signals, modules are introduced into the device for recording parameters of technological processes, which contains two memory blocks, an external memory block connected by an information-control bus, sensor equipment transformations, information control buses, information buses, the central processor being connected to the information management bus and to a system interface that connects it is connected with information-control buses with a control module, an initiative signal module, conversion modules that are connected by information buses to sensor equipment, while the control module is connected by information-control buses with a control signal generator, which is connected to the initiative signal module via control buses, and the channels The control signal generator controls are designed to be connected to the automation system by scientific experiments.

 Figure 1 presents the functional diagram of the device; figure 2 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the device; in FIG. 3 a, b, c - program menus; figure 4 is an example of a display of the registered information of the LF, MF, HF streams.

 The device comprises an external memory unit 1, information and control bus 2, the first 3 and second 4 memory blocks, which are super-operative memory, a central processor 5, a system interface 6 made in the PCI standard, a control module 7, an initiative signal module 8, bus 9 , 10, 11, 12 information-control, driver 13 of the control signals, control buses 14, information buses 15, conversion modules 16, sensor equipment 17, control channels 18 of the driver of control signals.

 The external memory unit 1 is intended for receiving and documenting an array of information, as well as for storing programs.

 The external memory unit 1 through the information-control bus 2 is connected to the first 3, second 4 memory blocks and the Central processor 5.

 The Central processor 5 through the system interface 6, made in the PCI standard, through the buses 9, 10 and 11, respectively, is connected to the control module 7, the module of the initiative signals 8 and the conversion modules 16. The control module 7 through the bus 12 is connected to the control signal generator 13, which in turn, through the control buses 14 it is connected to the initiative signal module 8. The sensor equipment 17 is connected through the information buses 15 to the conversion modules 16. The control channels 18 of the control signal generator are connected to the av system tomatoization by scientific experiments (conventionally not shown in the drawing).

 The central processor 5 controls the registration of parameters and the external memory unit 1, the distribution of RAM, input and output of information in the form required by the experiment program.

 The central processor 5 is connected by information and control buses to the system interface 6.

 The control modules 7 carry out the preparation of the experiment program, loaded into the shaper 13 of the control signals, that is, programming the shaper at the specified sampling frequencies of the sensor equipment 17.

 Shaper 13 control signals, executed on the application for the invention N 4611072/09 from 04/05/90, "A positive decision on the grant of a patent of the Russian Federation from 01/25/96.", Issues frame-by-frame control pulses for module 8 initiative signals.

 Module 8 initiative signals arbitrates frame-by-frame pulses by priority and generates control signals for the central processor 5, which, in turn, confirms the reception of signals by issuing reception ready signals.

 On the control channels 18 is carried out during the experiment, the inclusion and deactivation of the registration of a flow of information or their simultaneous on / off.

 Sensor equipment 17 converts physical quantities into normalized signals, which are converted by conversion modules 16 into an information code of the required format.

 The device operates as follows.

 The operation of the device is illustrated in the timing diagram shown in FIG. 2, where the current time is plotted on the abscissa axis, and the amplitudes of clock pulses, on / off control commands, on-off pulses and time zones for recording information flows are plotted on the ordinate axis.

In accordance with the requirements of the experiment, the central processor 5 generates a program for recording information flows, which is presented by three different menus, that is, the sensor equipment is divided into three groups, where each group has its own frequency of parameter polling (streams P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ ).

 In each menu (figa, b, c) the polling frequency of the sensor equipment 17, the positions of the sensors that have their physical address and correspond to this registration stream are set.

Upon completion of the design of the experiment task, the central processor 5 through the control module 7 in accordance with the task programs the driver 13 of the control signals, that is, for each stream P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ the recording frequency specified in the menu is generated. At the same time, a readiness signal for the experiment registration system is generated in it and the reception of control signals from the automation system by scientific experiments is allowed.

 If there are no control signals, then the registration system is in a standby state. Upon receipt of the control signals through channels 18 from the automation system by scientific experiments, the registration system begins to work according to the time diagram (figure 2).

At the time of arrival of the control signal (t ₄ axis), for example, corresponding to the inclusion of the low polling frequency stream P ₁ , the control signal generator 13 starts generating frame-by-frame signals, in fact, clock pulses, the period of which corresponds to the polling frequency (F _c , t ₁ ) of the recorded parameters given stream of information.

Upon receipt of the clock pulses to the module 8 of the initiative signals, the module 8 generates interrupt signals to the central processor 5. The central processor 5 switches to the execution of the subroutine corresponding to this interrupt level, which polls and registers the parameters of the sensor equipment 17 defined in the menu specified for this stream. Upon completion of registration of all sensors specified in the menu, the registration system enters the standby state of the next frame pulse. Thus, all sensors of a given stream are registered for one frame (t ₁₀ axis). The central processor 5 is interrupted by frame signals of modules 13 and 8.

Upon receipt of the control signal to turn on the intermediate stream (t ₃ axis), the shaper 13 of the control signals simultaneously with the registration of the stream of "slow" parameters (t ₁₀ axis) starts generating frame-by-frame signals corresponding to the interrogation frequency of the intermediate stream (t ₉ axis). Thus, on the module 8 of the initiative signals, control frame-by-frame signals from two channels of the driver 13 of the control signals are already received, and the priority level is distributed in such a way that frame-by-frame signals characterizing a large sampling frequency F _c have the highest priority.

 With the simultaneous arrival of frame-by-frame signals (for example, “slow” and “medium”), the central processor 5 proceeds to a work routine that corresponds to the highest priority.

 Upon completion of this subroutine, the CPU 5 returns to the operation subroutine having the lowest priority. The operation of the subroutine is identical. The only difference is that each subprogram works with its own menu specified by the experiment program.

Upon receipt of a control signal corresponding to a higher polling frequency (t ₂ axis), the control signal generator 13 connects a third control channel, which starts generating control frame signals corresponding to a given polling frequency (t ₈ axis).

Thus, the control pulse module 8 receives control pulses simultaneously from three channels of the shaper 11 of the control signals (axis t ₈ , t ₉ , t ₁₀ ).

 The central processor 5 first executes the registration subroutine for a frame having a high sampling rate, and upon completion of this subroutine proceeds to the operation subroutine corresponding to the second most important interrupt priority.

 Upon completion of the second thread subroutine, if at that moment the command to execute the highest priority subroutine did not arrive, the central processor 5 proceeds to the registration subroutine with the lowest priority (see fragment 1 in Fig. 2).

If at the moment of registration of the "average" stream a frame-by-frame pulse arrives from the driver 13 of the control signals corresponding to the highest priority (axis t ₈ ), then the central processor 5 switches to registering the stream having a high sampling frequency.

 When the subroutine (see fragment 2 of FIG. 2) corresponding to the registration of the average stream is completed, the registration system works with information streams having the highest and lowest polling frequencies according to the algorithm discussed above.

Upon receipt of a control signal from the automation system by scientific experiments, for example, to turn off the "fast" information flow (t ₅ axis), the control signal generator 13 stops generating frame-by-frame pulses corresponding to the "fast" information flow (t ₈ axis), and the registration of "fast" parameters terminated. Upon the arrival of the control signal to turn off the "average" information flow (t ₆ axis), the control signal generator 13 stops generating frame-by-frame pulses corresponding to the "average" information flow (t ₉ axis), and the registration of the "average" flow parameters is stopped. Upon the arrival of the control signal from the automation system by scientific experiments to turn off the "slow" information stream, the control signal generator 13 stops generating frame-by-frame pulses corresponding to the registration of the "slow" information stream (axis t ₁₀ ), and the registration of the parameters of the "slow" stream stops.

The memory filling process is characterized by time zones (axis t ₁₁ ), and thus the central processor generates an information file corresponding to this experiment and determined by registration tasks.

The only condition for the formation of the registration task is compliance with the ratio
P _Σ ≥ P _b + P _s + P _m
when P _{b, s, m} = F _{s, b, s, m} • N _{b, s, m} ,
Where
P _Σ - the maximum possible total flow of information, determined by the speed of the system;
P _b - "fast"flow;
P _with - "average"flow;
P _m - "slow"flow;
F _{s, b, s, m} - polling frequency in each stream;
N _{b, s, m} - the number of information sensors in each stream.

 Information is recorded alternately by 3.4 memory blocks on the direct access channel, and upon filling them, the central processor 5 reads the data into external memory 1.

 During the experiment, it is possible to repeatedly turn on / off any of the information flows.

 Such an organization of the registration system allows you to receive information from sensors of various types and speeds simultaneously, eliminating losses due to frame-by-frame registration, and to obtain express information from the entire stream generated by the test object.

Claims (1)

 A device for recording parameters of technological processes, containing two memory units, an external memory unit connected by an information-control bus, sensor equipment, characterized in that a central processor, a system interface, a control module, an initiative signal module, a driver of control signals, are inserted into it conversions, information control buses, control buses, information buses, the central processor being connected to the information management bus and the system interface ohm, which is connected by information and control buses to the control module, module of initiative signals, conversion modules, which are connected by information buses to sensor equipment, while the control module is connected by information and control buses to the driver of control signals, which is connected through the control bus to the module of initiative signals , and the control channels of the driver of control signals are intended to be connected to the automation system by scientific experiments.

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