RU2113013C1 - System for dispatching city line transport - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automatic traffic control systems. SUBSTANCE: device has central dispatching station and checkpoints, each of which has short and long range transmitters and controller. Central dispatching station has two-channel transceiver, communication channels interface, digital-to-analog converter, voice communication unit, analog-to-digital converter. In addition device has local-area network which has file-server channel interface unit and workstations for dispatchers and service personnel. Each city line carrier has two-channel transmitter, control unit, digital-to-analog converter, analog-to-digital converter, voice communication unit, display and control unit. EFFECT: increased functional capabilities. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to automated systems for identifying mobile vehicles, monitoring and controlling their movement, and can be used, in particular, for monitoring and dispatching traffic control of urban routed vehicles.

 A device for determining the location of objects containing the receivers installed at the control room, a transmitter, a coincidence unit, a cycle counter, a measurement unit, a clock pulse generating unit, a recording unit, a time sensor, as well as a transmitter, receivers, a cycle counter, a synchronization unit located on a moving object and an endpoint transmitter. The transmitter of the control room and the transmitter of the moving object operate on different waves, but emit pulses with a close repetition rate and create a zone of coincidence of these pulses in the area of movement of the objects, moving cyclically from the control center to the moving object with a constant speed. The coincidence block of the moving object registers the passage of the zone through the location of the moving object at the time of simultaneous reception of pulses by the receivers of the moving object, respectively, from the transmitter of the control center and the transmitter of the final point. The coincidence block of the control room likewise registers the passage of the zone through the control room due to the simultaneous receipt of signals from its own transmitter and receiver, which receives the signal from the endpoint. The control room transmitter cyclically emits a series of pulses, and the number of pulses in one series is equal to the number of controlled moving objects. If the pulse number in the series coincides with the number of the moving object, its transmitter is turned on, the signal of which is received by the time interval measuring unit at the control room, and the location of the moving object is determined by the time difference between the emitted and received pulses. At the end of each series, the counter of the control room generates an impulse to the block for generating a clock pulse emitted by the transmitter. A sync pulse can differ from other pulses in either frequency or longer duration. On all moving objects, a synchronizing pulse is supplied to the programming counters and translates them into the initial zero state. Further, the system continues in the same order. The disadvantage of this device is the inability to compare the set and actual motion parameters [1].

 A device for controlling a vehicle’s driving schedule is known, comprising transmitters installed at control points and a receiver, selective, arithmetic, and executive units, as well as a cycle counter, installed on the vehicle. The device operates as follows. The vehicle makes several trips (cycles) along a closed route, passing through each checkpoint sequentially on each cycle, while the vehicle is given the time it takes for each checkpoint to pass on each cycle, i.e. set motion schedule. Depending on the number of the cycle, the controller of the controlled parameter outputs to the input of the arithmetic block the time set by the schedule, where the set and actual time of arrival of the vehicle at this checkpoint is compared. When the current time deviates from the given value, the arithmetic unit finds the value and sign of this deviation [2].

 Known transceiver unit for the control system of moving objects, including receiving units, a transmitting unit connected to a modulator, an antenna made in the form of a loop and placed in the stopping area under the road surface, a light board, a node for negotiations and a call button for the dispatcher. A regional dispatch center is connected to the device through a two-wire communication line. A permanently working transmitter is installed on a moving object, which is equipped with a dispatcher call button, a microphone and an inductive coupling antenna, as well as a constantly working receiver with a loudspeaker and an inductive coupling antenna. The device allows the dispatcher to automatically detect the presence of moving units at stops equipped with the device, and to call the voice drivers at these stops; to a driver whose vehicle is not equipped with equipment or whose equipment is defective, get a connection to talk with the dispatcher at a stop equipped with a device; to the driver of the mobile unit through the dispatcher to get in touch with the city emergency services. The disadvantages of this device include the need for precise stopping of the mobile unit over the loop of the inductive coupling antenna located under the road surface, low quality of wired communication channels and their low bandwidth [3].

 A device for collecting and transmitting information about the movement of buses, containing equipment for generating and issuing a bus code on request, installed in buses, control equipment (CP), linear dispatch (LDP) and central dispatch (DAC) points. The equipment of the checkpoint performs a periodic survey on the radio line of buses stopping in the area of the KP. When the bus stops in the coverage area of the gearbox when the device is opened to open one of the doors, the power for the equipment for generating and issuing the bus code is turned on. Upon receipt of a request transmitted over the radio channel from the checkpoint, the bus equipment generates and issues information on the radio channel about the route number and the unit number in the route in the form of an noise-proof code with pulse-frequency and amplitude modulation. The KP equipment receives this code, converts it into an anti-interference code with a polar sign and relays this code over a wired channel to a linear control room. At the LDP, this code is received by the code combination reception and decoding unit, automatic bus traffic regularity control is performed, based on a comparison of the CP transit time with the traffic schedule set by the dispatcher to the program machine before the bus leaves the flight, documentary recording of control results at the end of the turnover, collection and transfer to the central control center via a wire link for data on the operation of routes assigned to the LDP data, namely: the number of people operating on the route rows, the number of buses that are in downtime, returns, and switching orders, a signal of the occurrence of prolonged violation of the regularity of buses on the route. The DAC equipment receives information from linear control rooms, displays it in digital form on a control room and, if necessary, enters it into a computer [4].

 A device for monitoring the movement of vehicles containing a central point (CPU) and vehicles (TS). At the central point, a vehicle call unit, an information receiving unit, a memory unit, a power supply, an information input unit are installed. Each vehicle contains blocks for receiving and transmitting information, a block of pulse generators and a power supply. After the power supply, all the blocks of the central point are set to the initial state and a sequential survey of vehicles begins. The transmitted information packet is formed: starting parcel, pause, service pulse and checkpoint number code. This packet passes through the CPU transmitter to the receiver input on the vehicle. If the vehicle number code matches the request code, the request signal is received by the vehicle receiver and allows power to be supplied to the remaining units of the vehicle. The received signal passes to one of the inputs of the transmitter of the vehicle, while a short pulse is generated, which is received by the CPU receiver and allows the receipt of a response message. The signal reception time is recorded in the memory on the CPU, and location codes and vehicle numbers are also received there [5].

 The closest in technical essence, selected as a prototype, is a device for monitoring the movement of vehicles containing a central control center (DPC) and vehicles (TS), each of which has a transceiver, control unit, digital-to-analog converter, input-output unit speech (telephone with tangent and tube holder sensors) and an indicator of deviation from the schedule, the inputs and outputs of the transceiver via radio channels connected to the inputs and outputs of the center transceiver nogo control tower. Control of the vehicle’s location on the route and exchange of information with them is carried out by the DAC, which sequentially polls all the vehicles in the “Request-response” mode. At the same time, the DAC equipment is in the mode of transmitting information on the first channel of the transceiver and, in turn, sends codes, each of which contains a start message, vehicle number code, a deviation from the schedule, and a voice communication call command. When you turn on the power of the vehicle equipment, the transceiver is set to receive the DAC codegram on the first channel. If the vehicle number coincides with the number code in the codogram, permission is given to overwrite the information in the buffer register. As a result, information about the deviation from the schedule goes to the indicator, and information about the call to voice communication to the control unit. At the same time, a response codogram is formed. After receiving the response code of the vehicle on the DAC, the location of the corresponding vehicle on the route and the current time are fixed during the exchange of information. The resulting deviation of the actual time from the planned one is transmitted to the vehicle in the next information transfer session, where it is displayed on the indicator. If the vehicle number does not match the number specified by the codogram, then overwriting to the buffer register does not occur. For voice communication between the dispatcher and the driver, a call command is generated at the DAC, upon receipt of which an audible alarm is activated on the vehicle. After the communication session, which is carried out on the second channel of the transceiver, the dispatcher generates a reset command. If the initiator of the voice communication is the driver, then he sends a call command to the DAC, and the dispatcher, after receiving the communication request, calls the corresponding vehicle [6].

 The task underlying the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality of the system, improve the quality of control due to the operative voice communication of the drivers and the dispatcher due to the fact that each information packet with a duration equal to the sampling period of the speech signal contains both telemetry and voice information digitally transmitted with time division multiplexing so that request and response messages are transmitted via independent channels, and time reduction is required to assist passengers and the driver in case of emergency (for example, an accident or an attack on the driver) due to a short-term increase in the transmitter power for stable reception of signals about the accident or attack at the central control center as if the mobile unit were in the control zone (at distance up to 100 m from it), and at any point on the route, as well as outside it.

 The problem is solved as follows. In the ground transportation control system containing a central control room (DPC) with a two-channel transceiver and mobile units (PE), each of which has a transceiver connected to the control unit, a digital-to-analog converter, a deviation indicator from the graph, and a speech I / O unit, according to the proposed technical solution, control points (KP) were introduced, on each of which transceivers of near and far radio channels connected to the microcontroller are installed , at the central control center, a communication channel adapter connected by an I / O port with a transceiver, a digital-to-analog converter, a speech-input-output unit and an analog-to-digital converter, the outputs of which are connected to the group of inputs of the adapter of communication channels, the first group of outputs of which are connected to the inputs, are introduced digital-to-analog converter, and the second group of outputs - with control inputs of the speech I / O unit, as well as integrated into a local area network with a channel adapter A file-server communication system and automated workstations of dispatchers (ARMD) and auxiliary personnel, an analog-to-digital converter connected to a group of inputs of a control unit and connected to one of the I / O ports of the control unit with a moving and indicating indicator with a moving location indicator units in the area of the checkpoint, an indicator of the driver’s call for voice communication with the central control center, an indicator of the successful exchange of information between the mobile unit and by the central control center and discrete information input authorities (for example, buttons) about an attack, accident, call the dispatcher to voice communication and end a voice communication session ("hang up"), the inputs of the digital-to-analog converter are connected to the first group of outputs of the control unit, the output connected to the information input of the speech I / O unit, the control inputs of which are connected to the second group of inputs of the control unit, and the output to the input of an analog-to-digital converter, moreover, the transceiver is made of two-channel, and the control unit on the mobile unit is made on the microcontroller.

The new technical result consists in the fact that the control unit on the mobile unit is made on the microcontroller, there is a microcontroller as part of the control center equipment, and a file server is used at the central control center, integrated into a local area network with a communication channel adapter and automated workstations of dispatchers and support staff, which allows to increase the flexibility, mobility of the system and expand its functionality through the use of new algorithms information processing, to organize the simultaneous operation of multiple controllers and radio modem to communicate with other users and sources of information; automation of information exchange processes between devices of a mobile unit (UPE), KP and TsDP, application of paperless technology (only the final document is issued - payroll sheet and accounting documents on fuel consumption, PE mileage, etc., which are provided for reporting to higher organizations and the intermediate data for any UE, about all UEs for the reporting period - shift, day, etc. - in a form convenient for the dispatcher, for example, in the form of a table or a mnemonic diagram on the terminal screen or printed on the printer, are issued only at the request of the operator) can improve the speed, quality of information processing, accuracy and routed traffic management quality;
the use of digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters allows you to transmit speech as part of information packages so that each information package of a duration equal to the sampling period of the speech signal contains telemetry information about the movement parameters of the moving unit (for example, its number, route number, order number in the route , the number of the last checkpoint passed and at least two numbers of the previous checkpoints to determine the direction of movement, signs of presence or disasters - “0” or “1” - accident or attack on the driver, call of the dispatcher driver PE for voice communication, end of the voice communication session), the technical condition of the mobile unit (for example, loading, average fuel consumption, average speed in sections, maximum speed, malfunctions, etc.), and speech, and is transmitted digitally with temporary compression and noise-encoding in such a way that the request and response messages are transmitted via independent channels; this allows you to negotiate between the driver and the dispatcher, without interrupting the transmission of telemetric information, which eliminates its loss and increases the efficiency of dispatch control; in addition, digital speech transmission improves communication quality: noise-encoding and redundancy make it possible to recover information partially lost as a result of interference;
adapter of communication channels — a controller that controls the exchange of information between the local computer network and the transceiver, necessary for their connection, is a computer with a high-speed (up to 10 Mbaud) serial interface, the use of which allows to increase the transmission speed of telemetric and voice information and its noise immunity due to multiple transmission of information packages with subsequent processing (accumulation, decoding to detect and correct errors, majorization, etc.);
the driver’s presence of a control and indication panel allows not only to obtain information about deviation from the schedule, but also about being in the control area, about the successful exchange of information with the central control center, about calling the driver by the dispatcher for voice communication; in addition, in the event of emergency situations, for example, in an accident or attack, the driver presses the corresponding button on the remote control and, due to a short-term increase in the transmitter power of the mobile unit, the signal about the accident or attack is stably received at the central control center as if the mobile unit were in the control zone distance up to 100 m from it), and at any point on the route, as well as outside it, which can significantly reduce the time required to assist passengers and the driver;
when attacking a driver or stealing a vehicle, alarm signals are received by each control point in the course of the vehicle, which allows you to control and predict the route of the vehicle.

 Thus, the listed set of features in comparison with the prototype allows you to expand the functionality of the system, improve the quality of supervisory control of ground routed transport and reduce the time required to assist passengers and the driver in case of emergency.

 Analysis of known technical solutions allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution is not known from the prior art, which indicates its compliance with the criterion of "novelty."

 The essence of the claimed invention for a specialist does not follow explicitly from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 The possibility of using the proposed method in the dispatch control system of urban transport allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

 The essence of the proposed system of supervisory control of land transport is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a system; figure 2 is a possible design of the panel of the control panel and the indication of the moving unit; figure 3 is an example of the structural organization of the information package.

 The supervisory control system of ground transport (see Fig. 1) comprises a transceiver 1, a control and display panel 2, a control unit 3 made on a microcontroller, a digital-to-analog converter 4, an analog-to-digital converter 5, and a speech input-output unit 6 ( containing, for example, a speaker and a microphone or a handset with a tube holder sensor); at the checkpoint, a transceiver 7 of a near radio channel, a microcontroller 8 and a transceiver 9 of a distant radio channel; at the central control room - a long-range radio transceiver 10, communication channel adapter 11, file server 12, analog-to-digital converter 13, digital-to-analog converter 14, speech input-output unit 15, automated workstations of dispatchers 16 (1) ... 16 ( n) and support staff 17 (1) ... 17 (k).

 The panel of the UPE control and display panel (see Fig. 2) displays indicators of being in the zone of checkpoint 18, a call from the dispatcher to voice communication 19, successful exchange of information 20 and the time of deviation from schedule 21, as well as input organs for discrete information (for example , buttons) about the attack 22, about the accident 23, about the call of the dispatcher to voice communication 24 and about the end of the communication session ("hang up") 25.

 When turning on the equipment of the central control room from the workplaces of auxiliary personnel (operator programmers) 17 (1) ... 17 (k), the system is initially set up: it stores 12 checkpoint numbers, moving units, routes, numbers in the file server memory orders in the routes and schedules (travel time of each control point of the route) for each mobile unit.

 The central control room operates in parallel and independently in two modes - automatic and dispatch control.

 In automatic mode, the far channel transceiver 10 on the DAC under the control of the communication channel adapter 11 continuously polls all the control points, receives information about the movement parameters along the routes of the moving units and their technical condition, and the file server 12 and the ARMD computers included in the local computer network 16 (1) ... 16 (n) - processing, storage, display of the received information and adjustment of movement schedules based on the analysis of statistical data.

 Each control point is an active repeater with the accumulation of information. The transceiver 7 near the radio channel of the control point under the control of the microcontroller 8 continuously performs a cyclic scan of the control zone and sequentially polling all the UEs in the control zone. The UPE transceiver 1 is turned on for reception on the first channel and transmits information only at the request of a control point or dispatcher through the CP. If the code of the transmitter located in the control zone of the control unit coincides (as evidenced by the on state of the indicator 18 of the presence of the control unit in the control zone of the control panel 2 of the control unit and the display unit), the request code transceiver 1 unit under control of the control unit 3 transmits via the second channel to the control unit telemetric information about the parameters of the movement of the PE (for example, the number of the PE, the route number, the number of the unit in the route, the number of the control point passed by the last and at least two numbers of the previous control points to determine the direction of movement, signs of the presence or absence of an accident or attack, call of the dispatcher by the driver of the PE and the end of the voice communication session), technical condition of the PE (for example, loading, average fuel consumption, average speed in sections, maximum speed, malfunctions, etc.). The transceiver 7 of the short-range radio channel of the KP receives information from the UPE, the microcontroller 8 encodes it individually for the given KP code, and the transceiver 9 of the distant radio channel of the KP transmits this information to the DAC. The transceiver 10 of the distant radio channel of the DAC receives the information package, the adapter 11 of the communication channels converts it and transfers it to a file server 12, which processes the received information, calculates the deviation of the actual time of arrival of the transmitter in the control unit from the planned one, then the information about the deviation from the schedule along with the signal of success information exchange (acknowledgment signal) is converted by the adapter 11 communication channels and transmitted by the transmitter 10 of the distant radio channel to the transmitter through the gearbox, resulting in the panel 2 of the control and display UPE indicator 21 displays the deviation of the actual time of arrival at the checkpoint from the planned one and turns on indicator 20 for the successful exchange of information between the UPE and the DAC. After this, the survey of the control zone of the control unit continues in ascending order of the numbers of the control units. If there are several UEs in the KP zone, then UEs are polled in ascending order of their numbers. Since response messages are generated only after receiving a request by their number, the possibility of simultaneous emission of signals from several UEs is excluded, and thereby the possibility of failures caused by overlapping information is excluded. If there are no UEs in the KP zone, a continuous sequential cycle of generation and emission of interrogation messages occurs with the subsequent repetition of these cycles.

 The equipment of the near radio channel has a range of about 100 m. This allows the use of low power transmitters, which reduces the cost of the system and ensures compliance with sanitary standards for radio emissions. In addition, an increase in the radius of action of the transmitters, and hence the control zone of the control unit, would lead to a decrease in the accuracy of determining the location of the UE. The indicated value of the control zone is sufficient for several PEs in it at the same time and does not require an exact stop at a certain point and precise orientation of the PEs.

 Information packages are transmitted by an anti-interference code with the detection and correction of errors, which can significantly increase the noise immunity of the transmitted information. After successfully receiving information on the DAC, an acknowledgment signal is sent to the PE in the response message. In the absence of an acknowledgment signal from the transmitter, a second request is sent. With a prolonged absence of an acknowledgment signal, a conclusion is made about a malfunction of the KP or UPE equipment, which is signaled to the dispatcher to take measures to eliminate violations of the system.

 In the dispatch control mode, which is carried out in parallel and independently with the automatic one, the dispatcher, using the automated workstation 16 (i), calls the driver of any control unit for voice communication, either all drivers of a certain route, or all drivers located in the coverage area of a certain control unit, or during a circular call - all drivers to change the schedule, route, number of cars on the route, depending on changes in passenger flow (for example, during public events), when weather conditions change (for example, a decrease speed when ice, rain, etc.), traffic situation (for example, road repair, traffic accident, etc.), displays, if necessary, intermediate data for any UE, about all UE for the reporting period (shift, day etc.) in a form convenient for visual control (for example, in the form of a table or a mnemonic diagram on the terminal screen or printed on a printer). The final document is a statement of wages and accounting documents on fuel consumption, PE mileage, etc., which are provided for reporting to higher organizations.

 When calling drivers who are in the coverage area of a specific control unit, the dispatcher dials the control unit number 16 (i) on the keypad of the control unit, sending a call signal to several drivers. Their transceivers are tuned in to the reception, and drivers are awaiting a dispatcher's voice message. In a circular call of all drivers, the dispatcher’s message is converted by an analog-to-digital converter 13 and recorded in the memory of the file server 12; for those drivers who are in the areas of the control points, there is a call signal for voice communication, their transceivers go into receive mode and receive a dispatcher message. For UE drivers who are at the moment of transmitting a circular message between the CP, after they arrive and recognize in the coverage area of a CP, a call signal is transmitted to the voice communication, setting their transceivers in receive mode, a message is extracted from the memory of the file server 12, converted by the adapter 11 communication channels into an anti-interference code with the detection and correction of errors and is transmitted by the transceiver 10 of the distant radio channel as part of the information packages to these electronic components through the CP.

 When calling a driver of a specific control unit for voice communication, the dispatcher on the ARMD 16 (i) remote control dials the number of the required control unit and, as part of the information package, transmits a call signal through the control unit in the coverage area of which this control unit is located. The UPE transceiver 1 is set to receive mode, on the control and indication panel 2, the call indicator 19 from the dispatcher lights up and the call signal sounds. The driver of the PE, in the composition of the block 6 input-output of speech which includes a telephone receiver, must pick up the receiver. If the UPE speech input / output unit 6 is equipped with a loudspeaker and a microphone, under the action of the control unit 3, the digital-to-analog converter 4 is connected through an amplifier to the loudspeaker. The dispatcher, using the speech input / output unit 15, transmits a message to the driver. In this case, the analog-to-digital converter 13 converts the speech into digital form, and, as part of the information packages generated by the file server 12, converts the adapter 11 into an interference-proof code with error detection and correction (for example, the Reed-Solomon code), which is emitted by the long-range transceiver 10 of the DSP radio channel, received by the receiver 9 of the KP distant radio channel, converted by the microcontroller 8 of the KP, emitted by the transceiver 7 of the near KP radio channel, received by the transceiver 1 of the mobile unit with a given number eryom (if the code of its number coincides with the number transmitted in the message), it is converted under the action of the UPU control unit 3 by the digital-to-analog converter 4 and enters the UPE speech input-output unit 6. The driver hears a dispatcher message. If the driver needs to contact the dispatcher, the driver presses the dispatcher call button 21, which is fixed by the control unit 3, and as part of the telemetric part of the information package (see Fig. 3) is transmitted to the DAC through the control unit, in the coverage area of which there is a transmitter. The dispatcher receives a call signal and enables voice communication. The driver speaks into the microphone or the handset of the speech input-output unit 6, the analog-to-digital converter 5 converts the signal into digital form and, under the influence of the control unit 3, the transceiver 1 transmits the driver’s voice message as part of the information packets to the DAC through the CP, in the coverage area of which PE. The message received by the transceiver 10 is decoded by the adapter 11, converted by a digital-to-analog converter 14, and supplied to the speech I / O unit 15 of the DAC. At the end of the communication session, the driver presses the button 25 on the remote control 2 control and display UPE.

 In case of emergency situations (for example, an attack on the driver or an emergency), the driver of the PE presses the corresponding button on the control and display panel of the UPE (for signaling an emergency situation - button 22, for signaling an attack - button 23), and calling it through the CP, in the coverage area of which it is located, is relayed to the DAC. The signal is transmitted multiple times so that it can be received with a higher probability. For stable reception from anywhere in the route (even outside the control zone), as well as outside the route, emergency signals or an attack on the driver, a short-term increase in transmitter power is provided.

 Information exchange between UPE and KP, between KP and TsDP, between TsDP and UPE is carried out on a radio channel. Two channels of information transfer are organized: direct - from the DAC to the CP and further from the CP to the UPE and the reverse - from UPE to the CP and further to the CDP. All signals, including speech, are transmitted in digital form by an anti-interference code with temporary compression by start-stop packets with a repetition rate equal to the sampling frequency of the speech signal. The information package contains (see Fig. 3): the start package 26, the address of the voice package 27, the sign of the voice package 28, the actual package 28, the address of the telemetry package 30, the sign of the telemetry package 31, the actual telemetry package 32 and the stop package 33. B As part of the telemetric package from the UPE to the DAC, for example, the code of the number of the PE, the route number, the unit number in the route, signs of the presence or absence of the dispatcher’s call for voice communication, attacks, accidents, the end of the communication session, malfunctions are transmitted. As part of a telemetric package from the DAC to the UPE, for example, the code of the CP number, PE number, deviation from the schedule, the presence or absence of a sign of a call to voice communication, successful exchange of information is transmitted. The transmission period T is inversely proportional to the sampling frequency of the speech signal. The speech channel is duplex. The information capacity of the system is -100 KP and 1000 UPE with the possibility of increasing.

Thus, the advantages of the proposed automated system of dispatch control of land transport are as follows:
the use of microcontrollers as part of UPE and KP equipment, a file server with automated workstations of dispatchers and auxiliary personnel integrated into a local computer network on the DAC, allows expanding the functionality compared to the prototype, namely: organizing the simultaneous operation of several dispatchers and radio modem communication with other sources and users of information; automate the processes of information exchange between devices of a mobile unit, CP and DAC, use paperless information processing technology, increase the speed, quality of information processing, its reliability and the quality of control of routed transport;
the use of digital-analog and analog-to-digital converters allows you to transmit speech in digital form with a temporary seal as part of information packages, which allows you to negotiate between the driver and the dispatcher, interrupting the transmission of telemetric information, which increases the speed of information exchange and eliminates its loss; in addition, digital speech transmission improves communication quality: noise-encoding and redundancy make it possible to recover information partially lost as a result of interference;
the use of the adapter of communication channels allows to increase the speed of information transfer and its noise immunity due to the repeated transmission of information packages with their subsequent processing;
the driver’s presence of a control and indication panel allows not only to obtain information about deviation from the schedule, as in the prototype, but also about being in the control zone, about the successful exchange of information with the central control center and about a call from the dispatcher for voice communication; in addition, in the event of an accident or attack, the driver can give the appropriate signal, even when being outside the coverage area of any gearbox and out of the route due to a short-term increase in the transmitter power, which allows you to stably receive these signals at the DAC and reduce the time required to assist passengers and to the driver.

Claims (2)

 1. A ground control system comprising a central control room with a two-channel transceiver and mobile units, each of which has a transceiver connected to a control unit, a digital-to-analog converter, a deviation indicator from the graph, and a speech I / O unit, characterized in that control points, on each of which transceivers of near and far radio channels are connected, connected to the microcontroller, at the central control room an adapter for communication channels connected to an input-output port with a two-channel transceiver is introduced; a digital-to-analog converter, a speech-input-output unit and an analog-to-digital converter are connected in series, the outputs of which are connected to the input adapter group of communication channels, the first output group of which is connected to the inputs of the digital-to-analog converter, and the second group of outputs - with the control inputs of the speech I / O unit, as well as file-server integrated into the local area network with the adapter of communication channels automated workstations of dispatchers and auxiliary personnel, an analog-to-digital converter connected to a group of inputs of the control unit and connected to one of the input / output ports of the control unit with a control and display panel with an indicator of the location of the mobile unit in the control zone coverage area, call indicator driver for voice communication with the central control center, an indicator of successful exchange of information and discrete information input authorities, to the first group in the outputs of the control unit are connected to the inputs of the digital-to-analog converter, the output of which is connected to the information input of the speech I / O unit, the control inputs of which are connected to the second group of inputs of the control unit, and the output to the input of the analog-to-digital converter, the transceiver being made two-channel, and the indicator deviates from the graph part of the control and display panel.  2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit on the mobile unit is made on a microcontroller.

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