RU210918U1 - DEVICE FOR DETERMINING HYDROCHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER ENVIRONMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of studying the hydrochemical and physical parameters of the aquatic environment and can be used in ecology to determine the physicochemical state of the aquatic environment, as well as to take water samples from rivers, lakes and other water bodies for subsequent chemical, microbiological and geochemical analyzes. Disclosed is a device for determining the hydrochemical and physical parameters of the aquatic environment, which is a single sealed container, made with the possibility of automatically supplying sea water into it through a plastic intake pipe, sensors for measuring the physical and chemical parameters of water are located in the container, made with the possibility of recording at set intervals data to the recorder. The tightness of the container is ensured by the presence of a water seal that prevents atmospheric air from entering the vessel, and that a centrifugal electric pump is used for automatic water supply, connected to the container with a silicone hose, designed to ensure a uniform flow of supplied water, regardless of the movement or parking of the vessel.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of studying the hydrochemical and physical parameters of the aquatic environment and can be used in ecology to determine the physicochemical state of the aquatic environment, as well as to take water samples from rivers, lakes and other water bodies for subsequent chemical, microbiological and geochemical analyzes.

Known automated complex for chemical analysis of water in the river port, containing at least one automated data collection module equipped with sensors for measuring the parameters and characteristics of the aquatic environment. This complex is designed for vertical sounding of the aquatic environment and contains a cable-rope equipped with an anchor with a disconnector at the lower end, and buoyancy at the upper end, and a container mounted on the cable-rope, made with the possibility of vertical movement along the cable-rope, while in the container probing measuring instruments, a unit for receiving and storing measurement information, an ascent-dive system, a control unit, a power unit, as well as a radio and hydroacoustic communication unit (RF patent 142150, G01N31/00, publ. 06/20/2014) are located. The disadvantage of this complex is the possibility of vertical sampling only in a stationary position, which excludes sampling over the entire area of the reservoir.

Devices are known for sampling water from the surface layer of water bodies from a helicopter, floating craft, etc.

Known compact flow system "SooGuard", used to collect and deliver information about the surface waters of the environment in real time. This system is installed in the engine room of the ship Atlantic, owned by Atlantic Towing (Canada). The CERC OCEAN group from Dalhousie University (Halifax, Canada) conducts research and monitoring in the Arctic. Measured parameters include: oxygen, pCO ₂ , pressure, temperature, salinity, turbidity and chlorophyll.

The salient features of this system are

direct seawater intake to prevent signal blur;

certified by DNV. The system is designed for 5 bar and can be easily duplicated and installed on similar vessels. This will be in accordance with the ship's regulations;

stand-alone, measures and regulates flow, detects leaks and shuts down in case of problems, full remote access via cell phone and/or Iridium;

NAB (Nickel Aluminum Bronze) pipe material for antifouling of sensors used in the flow system described above (A. Tengberg, M. Nakata and D. Roach, "Hydrography and Environmental Measurements from Mobile Platforms," 2018 OCEANS - MTS/IEEE Kobe Techno-Oceans (OTO), 2018, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/OCEANSKOBE.2018.8559097).

The disadvantage of this flow system is the impossibility of installing this system on small boats for exploring lakes and river channels due to its large size.

Known patrol environmental vessel environmental control "Russia", which is designed to monitor the ecological state of the aquatic environment, bottom sediments and the driving layer of the atmosphere, using a specially designed marine environmental complex "Aquatoria" (http://nemp.spb.su/projects/ russia/).

The ship-based environmental complex (SPK) "Aquatoria" installed on the vessel provides on-the-go monitoring of water parameters, bottom sediments and the near-surface layer of the atmosphere in water areas in the patrol area, television survey of bottom sections, underwater structures and coastal slopes, location of the water surface and ultrasonic sounding of the water column .

The composition of the SPK "Aquatoria" includes

a towed system for monitoring the parameters of the aquatic environment at depths of up to 45 m with submersible sensors and continuous sampling and supply of water samples on board the vessel;

a system for monitoring the parameters of the aquatic environment in the surface layer at depths of up to 2 m, similar in purpose and composition to the towed system;

system of ultrasonic sounding of the water column for the detection of foreign inclusions;

remote-controlled underwater vehicle for inspection work and video image transmission on board the vessel;

equipment for television surveillance of the surface situation at the course of the vessel;

a device for sampling water from the bottom layer when the vessel is moored;

bottom sediment sampling system when the vessel is anchored;

a system for monitoring the level of specific radioactivity in the surface layer of water, selected samples of bottom sediments and the rate of the exposure dose of gamma radiation in the near-surface air layer;

equipment for remote location of the water surface for the detection of films of oil products;

hydrochemical laboratory for express analysis in the flow mode of the content of the main pollutants in water samples continuously supplied on board the vessel;

a computer center that provides processing, documentation and storage of incoming information, preparation of electronic maps indicating the route of the vessel, marks on the presence of pollutants and sampling points, execution of final documents on the results of patrols, as well as preparation of information for the formation of a data bank;

geographic information system (GIS).

The carrier ship of the environmental complex is a twin-screw single-deck catamaran with an engine room in the middle part of each hull, a shock-absorbing superstructure and a wheelhouse in the bow of the vessel.

The disadvantage of this marine environmental complex is the control of water parameters using a towed system, in which, when the vessel is parked, it is impossible to measure the physicochemical parameters of water, since there is no forced pumping of water into the flow cell with sensors installed in it.

The closest in essence and the achieved result to the claimed invention is a flow-through probing system used to record the hydrochemical parameters of water continuously along the vessel. The flow sounding system consists of a centrifugal pump supplying outboard water with a capacity of about 1 l / s and placed in a special container with a capacity of 30 l on the deck of the SBE911 or SBE19plus CTD probe, the data were averaged over 10 second intervals. The same flow system also fed the sensors for hydrochemical measurements. Along the course of the vessel, water was also supplied to the flow cell, where there were oxygen sensors, temperature sensors, and an electrode for measuring pH. Recording of the measured parameters and coordinates of the vessel was carried out every 10-30 s (more often in the coastal zone, less often in the seaward part of the polygon). To record hydrochemical parameters along the course of the vessel, a 4-channel ion meter “Ekoniks Expert 001” and an amperometric sensor of dissolved oxygen DKPT-02.4 manufactured by NPP Econiks Exert (Russia) were used (Zavyalov et al. Hydrophysical and hydrochemical characteristics of marine areas near the mouths of small rivers of the Russian coast of the Black Sea.- Oceanology, 2014, volume 54, No. 3, pp. 293-308; Zavyalov et al., Method for calculating the sedimentation and mixing of allochthonous suspended matter based on a joint analysis of data on suspended matter concentration and salinity.- Oceanology, 2015, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 922-927).

The disadvantage of the proposed flow system is the absence of a water seal, which ensures that the supplied water does not come into contact with the atmosphere, which makes it possible to obtain undistorted data.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to create a device for studying the hydrochemical and physical parameters of the aquatic environment, which is optimal for monitoring the state of the aquatic environment.

The problem is solved by the fact that the device for determining the hydrochemical and physical parameters of the aquatic environment is a single sealed container with automatic supply of sea water through a plastic intake pipe, in which sensors for measuring the physical and chemical parameters of water are located through a sealed hole, from which data are recorded at regular intervals to the recording device. In the claimed utility model, the tightness of the vessel is ensured by the presence of a water seal in the outlet pipe, which prevents atmospheric air from entering the vessel, as well as by the supply of water by a centrifugal electric pump connected to the container by a silicone hose, which ensures a uniform flow of the supplied water, regardless of the movement or parking of the vessel.

A distinctive feature of the device is the ability to measure not only along the vessel, but also during parking, which is achieved due to the forced pumping of water by a centrifugal pump.

The difference of the device also lies in the fact that the device has a water seal, which ensures that the water supplied to the vessel does not come into contact with the atmosphere, as a result of which the data on the content of the studied gases in the water are not distorted.

The device also allows water sampling for subsequent chemical, microbiological and geochemical analyses.

The device provides for the possibility of taking water samples through a funnel for subsequent chemical, microbiological and geochemical analyzes

The advantage of the proposed device is also its compact size, which allows it to be installed on small vessels.

An example of a specific implementation of the utility model is given below.

The figure 1 shows a schematic view of the claimed utility model, where 1 is a plastic intake pipe, 2 is a silicone hose, 3 is an electric pump 12 V, 4 is a plastic container, 5 is a CO ₂ sensor with a waterproof membrane, 6 is an outlet pipe, 7 is funnel.

The device provides automatic supply of sea water into a sealed vessel, which has a drain pipe on top that acts as a water seal. Sensors for measuring the physical and chemical parameters of water are placed in the vessel, from which data are recorded at the recording device at regular intervals. The depth of water intake is regulated by the length of the water supply tube, which depends on the depth of the reservoir and the purpose of the study, and provides the possibility of supplying water to the vessel from different depths. To ensure continuous water supply, a centrifugal pump is installed, the device provides for the possibility of taking water samples for subsequent chemical, microbiological and geochemical analyses.

The utility model was used to measure О ₂ , СO ₂ , pH, electrical conductivity on board the ship in the model reservoirs of the research station Kaibasovo of the Unique scientific installation "System of experimental bases located along the latitudinal gradient". The results are presented in table 1.

Table 1 - Results of measurements obtained during the approbation of the utility model

the date An object Depth, m T, °C pH Electricity About ₂ ppm pCO ₂ , ppm 10/10/2021 lake Domashnee 0.5 5.3 6.99 98 16.13 1880 10/10/2021 lake Domashnee 1.5 5.2 6.95 98 10.92 2045 10/10/2021 lake Domashnee 3.0 5.2 6.73 100 9.31 2539 10/10/2021 lake Bolshoe 0.5 4.2 7.01 117 10.90 3266 10/10/2021 lake Bolshoe 1.5 4.3 7.02 117 9.10 3540 10/10/2021 lake Bolshoe 3.0 4.3 6.99 118 7.21 3766 11/10/2021 Maleva 0.5 4.6 7.07 237 7.86 5182 11/10/2021 Maleva 1.5 4.5 7.04 237 5.40 5332 11/10/2021 Maleva 3.0 4.6 6.99 239 4.82 5541 11/10/2021 inkino 0.5 5.0 7.22 147 14.85 1730 11/10/2021 inkino 1.5 5.0 7.11 145 11.28 2439 11/10/2021 inkino 3.0 5.3 6.76 150 12.52 3268

Claims (1)

A device for determining the hydrochemical and physical parameters of the aquatic environment, which is a single sealed container, made with the possibility of automatically supplying sea water into it through a plastic intake pipe, sensors for measuring the physical and chemical parameters of water are located in the container, made with the possibility of recording data at set intervals on the recording device, characterized in that the tightness of the container is ensured by the presence of a hydraulic seal that prevents atmospheric air from entering the vessel, and that a centrifugal electric pump is used for automatic water supply, connected to the container by a silicone hose, designed to ensure a uniform flow of supplied water, regardless of movement or ship parking.

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