RU2106455C1 - Plant for sinking of piles by down-pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction engineering. SUBSTANCE: this can be used for sinking piles, sheet piles and other similar articles. Plant possesses higher down-pressing force, is stable and maneuverable. Mounted on running gear of crane is rigid plate. It is fixed for example by thrust beams arranged with clearance above running gear with possibility of moving along running gear. Definite relations are observed between dimensions of plate, weight and position of centers of gravity of separate components of plant. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the construction and can be used for immersion in the soil of piles, dowels and other similar elements.

 A known installation for immersion piles indentation, in which reactive forces are perceived by anchor devices [1].

 The disadvantage of this installation is the need for additional time. Therefore, the most effective and may be the installation in which the reactive force is perceived by the own weight of the installation and the load [2].

 The disadvantage of this installation is the low maneuverability and productivity, the inability to immerse piles near significant buildings.

 The closest analogue of the invention is the installation for immersion piles indentation, including a crane, front and rear frames with retractable hydraulic supports, a mast, a loader with a cable-block system indentation and weight [3]. The disadvantages of the known installation are: a small pressing force due to the inefficient use of its own weight, low tipping resistance and the difficulty of moving on soft soils.

 The technical result of the invention is to increase the pressing force, stability and maneuverability of the installation.

где
a и b - длина и ширина плиты, м;
Q_пр, Q_гр, Q_п, Q_зр, Q_св - вес соответственно: передней рамы с копровой мачтой и погружателем, пригруза, поворотной части, задней рамы, сваи, кН;
l_пр, l_гр, l_св, l_п, l_зр - расстояние от оси поворота крана соответственно до центра тяжести: передней рамы с копровой мачтой и погружателем; пригруза, поднимаемой сваи; поворотной части крана; задней рамы, м;
Q_общ - общий вес установки, включая ходовую часть, но без веса плиты, кН;
Q_пл - вес плиты, кН;
m - максимально допустимое смещение центра плиты от оси поворота крана, м.The result is achieved by the fact that the installation for immersion of piles by indentation, including a crane, front and rear frames with retractable hydraulic supports, a pile mast, a loader with a cable-block system of indentation and load, is equipped with a rigid plate fixed to the running gear of the crane, for example, by means of stop beams, located with a gap above the chassis, with the ability to move along the chassis by 2m, the dimensions of which must satisfy the conditions:
when working on paved construction sites:

Where
a and b are the length and width of the plate, m;
Q _pr , Q _gr , Q _p , Q _sp , Q _St. - weight, respectively: of the front frame with a pile mast and a loader, a load, the rotary part, the rear frame, piles, kN;
l _ol , l _gr , l _sv , l _p , l _sp - the distance from the axis of rotation of the crane, respectively, to the center of gravity: of the front frame with a pile mast and a loader; a load lifted piles; rotary part of the crane; back frame, m;
Q _total - the total weight of the installation, including the chassis, but without the weight of the plate, kN;
Q _pl - the weight of the plate, kN;
m is the maximum allowable displacement of the center of the plate from the axis of rotation of the crane, m

где
R - допускаемое давление на грунт, кН/м²;
Основные обозначения те же, что в (1) и (2).On a soil base, in addition, the dimensions of the slab must satisfy the condition:

Where
R is the permissible pressure on the ground, kN / m ² ;
The basic notation is the same as in (1) and (2).

 The indicated fastening of the rigid plate on the running gear of the crane allows you to include it in the operation when the crane is tipped over, move the installation on the stove with the hydraulic supports raised, move the plate by 2m using, for example, the chassis mechanism with the hydraulic bearings lowered and the chassis raised above the ground surface together with with a plate, turn the chassis with the plate in the right direction when they are raised above the ground.

 The listed possibilities allow improving the main technical characteristics of the installation for piling; indentation force, stability, ability to move around the construction site and maneuverability.

 The increase in indentation force is achieved due to the maximum displacement of the center of gravity of the installation to the immersed pile. At the same time, taking the weight of the load, the dimensions of the plate and other installation parameters, based on satisfying the dependencies (1), (2), (3), the stability of the installation is ensured.

 Movement of the installation on the construction site is carried out by alternately moving the chassis along the slab with the hydraulic bearings raised and the slab relative to the chassis (with the hydraulic jacks lowered and the raised chassis with the slab above the ground surface). This significantly increases the ability of the installation to move around the construction site, since the load from the installation on the ground is transmitted through a plate, the area of which is several times larger than the area of the running gear support. In addition, the running mode of the running gear is facilitated, since it carries out only reciprocating movements along the slab, and rotation is made by turning the running gear together with the slab raised above the ground surface.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the installation in its initial position; figure 2 is the same at the time of lifting the chassis with the plate and turning them; in FIG. 3 - the same at the time of movement of the chassis on the plate; in FIG. 4 - the same at the time of movement of the plate relative to the chassis; in FIG. 5 - the same at the time of immersion of piles; in FIG. 6 is a diagram of the action of forces.

 The installation comprises a running gear 1 and a rotary part 2 of the crane, on which the rear frame 3 and the front frame 4 are mounted. On the front frame 4, a cop mast 5 with a loader 6 and a cable block indentation system 7 is mounted and a load 8 is installed. On the rear frame 3 and the front frame 4 retractable hydraulic supports 9 are installed (2 pieces each). The running gear 1 of the crane is equipped with a plate 10, fixed with the possibility of movement along the running gear 1 by a value of 2m, for example, by means of thrust beams 11 located with a gap above the running gear 1 and rigidly connected to the plate 10 by posts 12.

 Installation works as follows.

 The unit is moved to the dive point of the pile.

 To do this, by extension of the hydraulic support 9, the installation is raised until a gap is formed between the plate 10 and the soil surface, by turning the chassis of the crane 1 together with the plate 10, the desired direction of movement of the installation is set (Fig. 2) and, for example, the tracks of the chassis 1 move the plate 10 relative to the chassis 1 (FIG. 3). Then raise the hydraulic supports 9, and if necessary, by rotating the tracks of the chassis 1, the installation is moved along the plate 10 (Fig. 4). After pointing the loader 6 to the point of immersion of the pile, the pile rope 13 lifts the pile, starts its head under the loader 6, lowers the hydraulic supports 9 of the rear frame and, by turning on the block-sheave system 7, immerses the pile (Fig. 5). When performing operations of aiming the loader at the point of immersion of the piles, pulling and lifting the piles, in addition to the movements of the chassis 1 and plate 10, the rotations of the rotary part 2 of the crane with the rear 3 and front 4 frames mounted on it are also used.

 The derivation of dependencies (1), (2), (3) is made from the condition of ensuring the stability of the tipping installation in the most disadvantageous situation, taking into account the involvement of the plate 10 in the work.

 The scheme of action of forces for the derivation of these dependencies is shown in Fig.6.

When the installation is operated on the site with a hard surface, its stability will be ensured when the conditions
M _beats > M _def
Where
M _beats and M _def - holding and tipping moments relative to the tipping edge 0.

Здесь Q_x - вес ходовой части крана, кН.

Here, Q _x is the weight of the crane running gear, kN.

представляет собой общий вес установки с учетом веса сваи, но без учета веса плиты (7) записываем в виде:

Решая неравенство (8) относительно a, получим:

Ширина плиты b должна обеспечивать устойчивость установки при положении поворотной части крана перпендикулярно ходовой части. При этом будут действовать те же силы и зависимости, которые приведены выше при рассмотрении зависимости длины плиты a. Но, учитывая, что размер плиты вдоль ходовой части a предусматривает возможность ее смещения на величину 2m, а в поперечном направлении этого смещения не требуется, то условие для ширины плиты b будет: b = a - 2m;
Условие (3) для случая работы установки на грунтовом основании получено из условия:
σ > R; (9)
где
σ - максимальное напряжение на контакте плиты с грунтом, кН/м²; R - допускаемое давление на грунт, кН/м².Given that the factor at

represents the total weight of the installation, taking into account the weight of the pile, but without taking into account the weight of the plate (7) we write in the form:

Solving inequality (8) with respect to a, we obtain:

The width of the plate b should ensure the stability of the installation when the rotary part of the crane is perpendicular to the running gear. In this case, the same forces and dependencies that are given above when considering the dependence of the plate length a will act. But, considering that the size of the plate along the running gear a provides for the possibility of its displacement by 2m, and this displacement is not required in the transverse direction, then the condition for the width of the plate b will be: b = a - 2m;
Condition (3) for the case of operation of the installation on a soil base is obtained from the condition:
σ>R; (nine)
Where
σ is the maximum voltage at the contact of the plate with the soil, kN / m ² ; R - permissible ground pressure, kN / m ² .

где M = Q_пр•l_пр+Q_гр•l_гр+Q_св• l_св-Q_п•l_п-Q_зр•l_зр - момент действующих сил относительно продольной оси плиты, совпадающей с продольной осью ходовой части, кН.м.The maximum voltage will occur under the edge of the plate when the rotary part is perpendicular to the chassis:

where M = Q _pr • l _pr + Q _gr • l _gr + Q _sr • l _sv -Q _p • l _p -Q _sp • l _sp - the moment of acting forces relative to the longitudinal axis of the plate, coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the chassis, kN. m

Substituting the expression M in the formula (10), we obtain:

Claims (1)

Installation for immersion of piles by indentation, including a crane, front and rear frames with retractable hydraulic supports, a pile mast, a loader with a cable-block system of indentation and a load, characterized in that it is equipped with a rigid plate fixed to the running gear of the crane, for example, by means of stop beams located with a gap above the chassis, with the possibility of movement along the chassis by 2m, the dimensions of which must satisfy conditions (1), (2), (3):

where a and b are the length and width of the plate, m;
Q _{about b Щ} - the total weight of the installation, including the chassis, but without the weight of the plate, kN;
Q _{p q r,} Q _{r p,} Q _n, Q _{p s,} Q _{s in,} Q _{n l} - weight respectively of the front frame with a mast and ramming pogruzhatelem prigruza, the rotary part of the crane, the rear frame, piles, plates, kN;
l _{p r} , l _{g p} , l _{c in} , l _p , l _{z p} - distance from the axis of rotation of the crane to the center of gravity, respectively: of the front frame with a pile mast and loader, load, piles, rotary part of the crane, rear frame, m;
m is the maximum allowable displacement of the center of the plate from the axis of rotation of the crane, m;
R is the permissible pressure on the soil of the construction site, kN / m ² .

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