RU2092696C1 - Axial internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines. SUBSTANCE: engine has housing, two opposite stepped cylinders, two stepped pistons rigidly connected by rod and placed in cylinders to form working and air chambers in each cylinder, and also power takeoff shaft connected with pistons by means of drive mechanism. Pistons have additional steps arranged in cylinders to form additional working chamber in each cylinder to provide four stroke cycle. Volumes of all working chambers are equal, and volume of each air chamber is four-fold greater than volume of working chamber. Two working chambers of one cylinder communicate with one air chamber of opposite cylinder. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities and improved reliability. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to engine building and for the improvement of rodless internal combustion engines of internal combustion engines.

 Closest to the invention is a rodless internal combustion engine comprising a housing, two opposed step cylinders, two step pistons rigidly connected by a rod to each other and arranged in cylinders to form a working and air chambers in each cylinder, and a power take-off shaft by means of a rodless drive mechanism connected to the pistons.

 The disadvantages of this engine are low efficiency, low power and economy, noise during operation.

 The objective of the invention is to increase efficiency, power, efficiency, reduce noise during operation.

 The problem is solved due to the fact that the pistons are made with additional steps located in the cylinders with the formation of an additional working chamber in each cylinder with the possibility of providing a four-cycle cycle. Moreover, the volumes of all working chambers are equal, the volume of each air chamber exceeds the volume of the working chamber by four times, and two working chambers of one cylinder are in communication with one air chamber of the opposite cylinder.

 Due to these improvements, “continued expansion” and “longitudinal burn-out” are provided with a parallel increase in the number of “stroke” cycles. At the same time, each stroke of the shaft corresponds to two clock strokes. In addition, the exhaust exhaust gases are not emitted into the atmosphere, but preliminarily enter the air chambers not only to use the “continued afterburning” process, but also to simultaneously use the “continued expansion” process and obtain additional power, with the exception of losses due to an additional noise suppression system .

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the engine, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of the work of the rodless mechanism.

 The four-stroke rodless internal combustion engine contains a rodless mechanism located in the housing 1, consisting of a crankshaft 2 and an eccentric crank 3 located in the crosshead guides 1, which through the rod 5 rigidly connects two integral pistons 6 and 7, each of which simultaneously operates in three separate chambers, two working 8, 9 or 10, 11 and one air 12 or 13. In order to seal the chambers, each piston 6 and 7 is equipped with three sets of compression-oil scraper rings 14. flammable working mixture into the working chambers 8, 9, 10, 11 and damage to the mirror surface of these chambers, sets of compression oil rings 15 are installed at their base, similar to piston rings, but with an internal working surface surrounding the pistons 6 and 7. Each working chamber 8, 9, 10 or 11 has bodies 16 and 17 of the intake of the working mixture and exhaust. The air chambers 12 and 13 have bodies 18 and 19 for the intake and exhaust of exhaust gases coming from the working chambers 8, 9, 10 and 11 through the gas outlet channels directed tangentially to the air chambers 12 and 13. Oil for lubricating the engine assemblies is located in the crankcase 20 .

 Four-stroke rodless internal combustion engine operates as follows.

 When the piston-rod units make one cycle of reciprocating motion, crank 3 makes a full revolution counterclockwise, crankshaft 2 also makes a full revolution, but clockwise, the torque is removed from the crankshaft 2. To lubricate the rodless and gas distribution mechanisms oil from the crankcase 20 of the engine under pressure is supplied through the channels of the crankshaft 2, crank 3, crosshead 4 and the gas distribution mechanism. The lubrication of the mirrors of the working 8, 9, 10, 11 and air 12, 13 chambers and at the same time their cooling with this oil, as well as the cooling of the bottom of the pistons 6, 7 in each chamber is carried out through channels in the rod 5 by spraying.

 Working cycles of the engine proceed as follows.

 When the stroke “Run” is made in the working chamber 8, the “Release” cycle of exhaust gases flows in the opposite working chamber 10, which are vaporized through the exhaust duct into the opposite air chamber 12 through the inlet organs 18, where a vacuum is created by moving the piston 6 and where parallel the exhaust gas receives a portion of air from the atmosphere. In the working chamber 9, the “Intake” cycle of the fresh working mixture flows at this moment, and in the working chamber 11 the “Compression” cycle of the working mixture.

 Thus, for each half-revolution of the crankshaft 2, a full cycle of the four-stroke engine is performed, i.e. each revolution of the crankshaft 2 corresponds to two strokes "stroke".

 Burning exhaust gases from the working chambers 8 and 9 through the gas exhaust channels enter only the opposite air chamber 13, and the exhaust exhaust gases from the working chambers 10 and 11 only into the air chamber 12, where they expand, due to the difference in the volumes of the workers 8, 9, 10, 11 and air chambers 12, 13 are mixed with a portion of air, burn out and from where burnt and expanded exhaust gases are forcibly emitted into the atmosphere through the exhaust organs 19.

 To carry out the “Continuous Afterburning” process of the exhaust gases and reduce the amount of harmful oxides in them, to obtain exhaust gases that are practically harmless to human health and the environment, it is necessary to mix a portion of burning exhaust gases entering through the gas outlet channels and the inlet 18 into the air chamber 12 or 13, to mix with a portion of air from the atmosphere equal to the volume of the working chamber and entering the air chamber 12 or 13, either at the time of rarefaction in it during the “Inlet” stroke through the third inlet valve, or by injection under excessive pressure.

 The process of "Continued expansion" of exhaust gases in the air chambers 12 and 13 proceeds in conjunction with the process of "Continued afterburning".

 Exhaust gases escaping from the working chambers 8, 9, 10 and 11 at a supersonic speed at a pressure of 6-7 atm, four times the volume air chamber 12 or 13 at the moment of inlet into it enter four times as large as air through the intake organs 18, where they are mixed with air and expand to a pressure less critical, i.e. a pressure of less than 1.86 atm, at which noise from a running engine stops listening. At the time of the “Release” stroke from the air chambers 12 or 13, the expanded and burned-out exhaust gases are forcibly emitted into the atmosphere through the exhaust organs 19 silently and free of harmful impurities.

 But the exhaust gases in the air chambers 12 and 13 do a useful job acting on the piston 6 or 7 when expanding from 6-7 atm to less than 1.86 atm, together with the “stroke” stroke in the working chambers 8, 9, 10 or 11 and affect the increase in engine power.

Claims (3)

 1. A rodless internal combustion engine comprising a housing, two opposed step cylinders, two step pistons rigidly connected by a rod to each other and arranged in cylinders to form a working and air chambers in each cylinder, and a power take-off shaft, by means of a rodless drive mechanism connected to the pistons characterized in that the pistons are made with additional steps located in the cylinders with the formation of an additional working chamber in each cylinder with the possibility of providing four th cycle.  2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the volumes of all the working chambers are equal, and the volume of each air chamber is four times the volume of the working chamber.  3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the two working chambers of one cylinder are in communication with one air chamber of the opposite cylinder.

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