RU2088960C1 - Multistage optoelectronic switch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: optical data processing, applicable in highly efficient switching devices of multipath telecommunication systems for transmission and reception of data files presented in the form of two-dimensional optical images. SUBSTANCE: components rotating the plane of polarization of passing linearly polarized light through 90 deg., and additional polarization - sensitive splitters, quarter-wave plates and flat reflective elements are introduced in the stages of optical interconnections, and an optical image transmission system and a switch optical train are used. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of optical information processing and can be used in high-performance switching devices of high-performance multi-subscriber telecommunication systems and supercomputers for transmitting and receiving large arrays of group information presented in the form of two-dimensional optical inventions.

Known optoelectronic switch of size N x N (with N input and N output ports) with a topology of a coordinate switch network, designed to transmit two-dimensional optical inventions via connected channels [1] This switch is made in the form of sequentially located, optically coupled multiplying optical system consisting of two lenses and two square raster lenses with the number of lenses N, space-time light modulator, made in the form of a square matrix with N ² individually controlled light valve cells (controlled elements), and an optical system for combining images consisting of a square raster of lenses with the number of lenses N ² and two square raster of lenses with the number of lenses N. The main disadvantages of such a two-dimensional image switch are large insertion optical losses, limiting the possible rate of information transfer on connected pairs of input and output ports, and a large number of managed elements. For example, in a 32 x 32 switch, the light transmittance of any optical channel connecting a pair of input and output ports does not exceed α N ^-1 ≈ 0.03, and the number of individually controlled light valve cells in the space-time modulator is 1024.

 Known optoelectronic optical channel switch 32 x 32 in size with the topology of the Benes connecting network [2]. Such a switch contains nine sequentially located space-time modulators made in the form of square matrices of sixteen individually controlled switches of the plane of polarization of light, which are optically coupled with the help of placed between them eight cascades of optical interconnects with sixteen optical inputs and sixteen optical outputs; two polarization-sensitive splitters installed, respectively, in front of the first and ninth space-time light modulators, through two lateral orthogonal faces of which optical information coming into the ports is input or output, and a control unit. In the optical interconnect cascades of the switch, square-shaped rectangular parallelepipeds are used, interference polarization-sensitive splitters made of isotropic material (glass), the optical characteristics of which (angular aperture, optical loss, aberration) allow you to transfer images with a large number of elements (pixels) through them at small optical losses introduced into the connected pairs of input and output ports.

 The disadvantage of such an optoelectronic switch is the dependence of the length of the optical paths between the input and output ports on the actual picture of the connections, which does not allow transmitting information in the form of two-dimensional images with a large (in the limit limited by diffraction phenomena) number of elements through connected pairs of channels, and thereby limits the total peak switch performance.

 Known is a multi-stage optoelectronic switch 2N x 2N in size with a topology of a connecting network with intersections [3]. Such a switch consists of cascades of space-time modulators with N controlled switches of the plane of polarization of light, which are optically coupled between the cascades of optical interconnects with N input and N output channels made according to the scheme of the upgraded Michelson interferometer. Each of the cascades of optical interconnects contains a polarization-sensitive splitter, in front of the input and output faces of which there are common lenses for all N output channels, and a quarter-wave plate, a lens, and a reflective element are placed behind each opposite face of the splitter, one of which reflecting elements (or both elements) is made in the form of a reflective prism array with an individual step for each stage of optical interconnects.

 Such a multi-stage optoelectronic switch ensures equal optical path lengths between its input and output ports for any picture of connections for both p- and s-polarized signals. However, in the known switch, the vignetting of light beams by the components of the optical system leads to a significant limitation of the number of elements in the images transmitted through the optical channels, not allowing to realize the maximum throughput of the optical channels and the overall performance of the switch.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the channel capacity of a multi-stage optoelectronic image switch, including images displaying binary information in parallel code, and its overall performance.

This goal is achieved by the fact that elements rotating the polarization plane of linearly polarized light by 90 ^° C and additional polarization-sensitive splitters, quarter-wave plates and flat reflecting elements are introduced into the cascades of optical interconnects of the switch, and a different topology of the connecting network is used.

 In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the proposed multi-stage optoelectronic switch of size 2N x 2N; figure 2 optical diagram of the interconnect block; figure 3 the topology of the connections of the input and output channels for p- and s-polarized light beams; figure 4 diagram of the interconnect block with M = 4x4 input and M = 4x4 output optical channels.

The proposed multistage optoelectronic image switcher with 2N input (N 2 ^r , r = 1,2,3,) and 2N output optical channels (ports) contains optically coupled block C information of p- and s-polarized input images with 2N optical inputs (inputs 1,2, N for p- and inputs N + 1, N + 2,2N for s-polarized images), which are the input ports of the switch, and N optical outputs; and identical controlled cascades A _k (k = 1,2,3.K, where K logN + 1 in the case of a lockable and K 2logN + 1 in the case of a configurable non-lockable switch) based on spatio-temporal light modulators with N individually controlled light polarization plane switches; K-1 cascades of optical interconnects B _M (r types) located between them with N optical inputs and N optical outputs, each of which consists of N / M interconnect blocks I _M with M optical inputs and M optical outputs (MN, N / 2 , N / 4.2 or MN / 2 ^m-1 , m 1,2,3, r, where r logN); block P dilution of p- and s-polarized output images with N optical inputs and 2N optical outputs (outputs 1,2, N for p- and outputs N + 1, N + 2,2N for s-polarized images), which are output ports the switch; and a control unit BC, the outputs of which are connected to space-time light modulators.

The information unit for p- and s-polarized images can be performed, for example, on the basis of a polarization-sensitive splitter, the two input orthogonal faces of which are optically connected with the 1,2.N and N + 1, N + 2,2N input ports of the switch, and its third face is with N optical inputs of the first controlled cascade A ₁ . The image dilution unit P can be made, for example, based on a polarization-sensitive splitter as well as block C, if its optical inputs and outputs are interchanged.

Controlled switches of the plane of polarization of light when applying control signals to them rotate the plane of polarization of the transmitted light beams by 90 ^o and can be performed, for example, based on electro-optical materials or liquid crystals.

, так и для s-поляризованных (0) изображений, а также фокусировку передаваемых через коммутатор изображений. Каждый из этих блоков состоит из последовательно расположенных, оптически связанных субблока маршрутизации I_M1 с M входными и двумя выходным оптическими каналами, который выполнен из четырех поляризационно-чувствительных расщепителей (два входных 1-1 и два выходных 1-2), пропускающих p и отражающих в ортогональном направлении s компоненту падающих на их диагональную грань световых пучков, шести элементов 1-3, вращающих на 90^o плоскость поляризации в отраженных от них линейно-поляризованных световых пучков и состоящих, например, из соответствующим образом ориентированной четвертьволновой пластинки 1-3-1 и плоского интерференционного зеркала 1-3-2, пяти элементов 1-4, вращающих на 90^o плоскость поляризации проходящего линейно-поляризованного света, например, соответствующим образом ориентированная полуволновая пластинка, и двух входных коллективных (1-5-1) и двух выходных (1-5-2) объективов с фокусными расстояниями F_M1, размещенных соответственно перед входными и после выходных поляризационно-чувствительных кубиков на фокусном расстоянии (по ходу светового луча) относительно друг друга, и субблока объективов I_M2 с двумя входными и M выходными оптическими каналами, который выполнен из двух входных (1-6-1), двух выходных (1-6-2) объективов с фокусными расстояниями F_M2, установленных на фокусном расстоянии относительно друг друга.Included in the cascades of optical interconnects B _M blocks I _M (blocks of type M) ensure equal and invariable lengths of the optical paths of light beams as p-polarized

, and for s-polarized (0) images, as well as the focus of images transmitted through the switch. Each of these blocks consists of sequentially located, optically connected routing subunits I _M1 with M input and two output optical channels, which is made of four polarization-sensitive splitters (two input 1-1 and two output 1-2), passing p and reflecting in the orthogonal direction s, the component of light beams incident on their diagonal face, six elements 1-3, rotating 90 ^{° of the} plane of polarization in the linearly polarized light beams reflected from them and consisting, for example, of corresponding properly oriented quarter-wave plate 1-3-1 and a flat interference mirror 1-3-2, five elements 1-4 rotating 90 ^{° of the} plane of polarization of transmitted linearly polarized light, for example, an appropriately oriented half-wave plate, and two input collective (1-5-1) and two output (1-5-2) lenses with focal lengths F _M1 located respectively before the input and after the output of the polarization-sensitive cubes at the focal length (along the light beam) relative to each other ha, and a subunit of I _M2 lenses with two input and M output optical channels, which is made of two input (1-6-1), two output (1-6-2) lenses with focal lengths F _M2 mounted at the focal length relative to each other.

With the arrangement of elements of the interconnect block I _M shown in FIG. 2, a focused p-polarized light beam, arriving, for example, through the input optical channel 1, passes through the first collective lens 1-5-1 of the subunit I _M1 , the first facet of the first polarization-sensitive input splitter 1-1, its diagonal and third faces, the second half-wave plate 1-4 and the first face of the first output polarization-sensitive splitter 1-2, is reflected by the diagonal face of this splitter to its fourth face; passing through a quarter-wave plate 1-3-1, it turns into a circularly polarized beam; reflected by an element 1-3-2, again passes in the opposite direction through a quarter-wave plate 1-3-1, turning into a linearly polarized beam with an orthogonal direction of polarization; passes through the diagonal face of the first output polarization-sensitive splitter 1-2 and the quarter-wave plate 1-3-1 mounted on its second face, turning into a circularly polarized beam; reflected by the element 1-3-2, again passes through the quarter-wave plate, turning into a linearly polarized signal, reflected from the diagonal face of the polarization-sensitive splitter, passes through the fourth half-wave plate, the first output lens 1-5-2 subunit I _M1 , the first input (1-6-1) and output (1-6-2) lenses of the subunit 1 _M2 and falls into the output optical channel M / 2 in the form of a focused p-polarized light beam.

 If an s-polarized light beam is incident on the first face of the first polarization-sensitive splitter 1-1 from channel 1, then it is reflected by the diagonal face of this splitter, passes through its fourth face and the first half-wave plate 1-4 optically connected with this output, turning into p-polarized light beam; passes through the first face of the second input polarization-sensitive splitter 1-1, its diagonal face, in the forward direction through the quarter-wave plate 1-3-1 placed behind the third face of this polarization-sensitive splitter and, reflected from the reflecting element 1- installed behind this plate 3-2 and passing through the quarter-wave plate 1-3-1 in the opposite direction, it turns into an s-polarized light beam, which, reflected from the diagonal face of the second input polarization-sensitive of the first splitter 1-1, passing through its second face, the fourth half-wave plate 1-4, the first, diagonal and third faces of the second output polarization-sensitive splitter 1-2, the fifth half-wave plate 1-4, the second output lens 1-5-2 , the second input (1-6-1) and output (1-6-2) lenses, fall into the output optical channel M in the form of a focused s-polarized light beam.

From the optical scheme of figure 2 it follows that the passage through the elements of the interconnect block of light beams of the input optical channels 2,3, M / 2 is similar to channel 1. The passage through the elements of this block of p- and s-polarized light beams of the optical channels 1 + M / 2 , 2 + M / 2, N incident on the fourth face of the second input polarization-sensitive splitter 1-1 due to the symmetry of the optical circuit, similar to the passage of light beams of the input channels 1,2, M / 2: p-polarized beams pass respectively to the output channels N, 2 + M / 2.1 + M / 2, and s-polarized Responsibly in output channels 1,2, M / 2. The topology of the optical connections implemented by the interconnect block I _{M is} displayed by a one-dimensional bipartite graph, and for a special case M 8 is illustrated in FIG. 3. As shown in [3], such a topology of interstage connections is isomorphic to the topologies of connecting networks of the Benyan type and based on perfect shuffle.

The lengths of the optical paths S _p and S _s , respectively, of the p- and s-polarized signals in the subunit I _M1 for any connections of the input and output channels of the block I _M due to the tautochronism of its optical system are equal to the length of the optical path of the light rays entering the block I _M in the direction of the main optical axis: S _p 4nL _M + 2l _n + 4l _Q + Δ and S _s 4nL _M + 3l _n + 2l _Q + D, where L _{M is the} length of the side of the polarization-sensitive splitters, n is their refractive index, l _Q and l _{n the} length of the optical paths, respectively, for quarter- and half-wave plates, D the length of the optical path in Lenses 1-5-1 and 1-5-2.

Since l _n 2l _Q, the optical path length S _p and _S s are equal.

The variant of the interconnect block I _M for the two-axis multi-stage optoelectronic image switch at N 2 ^2r differs in that the polarization-sensitive splitters I-1 and I-2 are in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds with edges L _M • 2L _M • L _M , flat reflective elements 1 are used -3-2, half (1-4) and quarter-wave (1-3-1) plates of size L _M • 2L _M and square matrices 1-5 and 1-6 of four spherical lenses, the first and third and second and fourth input collective lenses 1-5-1 are optically coupled, respectively, with face of the first and fourth faces of the second input parallelepiped 1-3-1, the first and third and second and fourth output lenses 1-5-2 through the fourth and fifth half-wave plates are optically connected to the third faces, respectively, of the first and second output parallelepipeds 1- 3-2. Such a two-coordinate (volume) switch can be considered as consisting of cascades B _MX and B _MY , realizing, respectively, x and y interconnects, each of which contains 2 ^r flat cascades of optical interconnects B _M , made according to the scheme of figa, and cascades x and y interconnects are rotated 90 ^o relative to each other around the horizontal optical axis, and control cascades A _k , which are made in the form of square matrices of NxN modulators of the plane of polarization of light.

A variant of the proposed two-coordinate multi-stage switch (Fig. 4) is characterized in that in the interconnect blocks the output polarization-sensitive splitters 1-2 are deployed relative to the input 1-1 by 90 ^o around the horizontal optical axis.

The XY multistage optoelectronic switch interconnects each unit I _M (unit type M) has MxM MxM optical input and optical output channels that are optically coupled to the collective input 1-5-1 and 1-6-2 lenses collective output, wherein each of A group of M / 2 rows and M / 2 column channels is linked. For p-polarized beams, the optical system of the block is a system consisting of (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 4) four mirrors and a two-component reversing system, and therefore, for such beams in the channel groups connected by the first, second, third and fourth input and output collective lenses, optical connections and rows of input optical channels are realized. For s-polarized beams, the optical system of the block is a system consisting of three mirrors and a two-component wrapping system, and therefore, for such beams, in channel groups connected by even and odd lenses, connections are realized, as in a mirror system, i.e. with transportation of rows of input optical channels.

входные и выходные каналы и для s-поляризованных пучков соединяются каналы

Предлагаемый оптоэлектронный коммутатор двумерных изображений работает следующим образом. Предположим, что во входных оптических каналах 1,2,N формируются p-поляризованные изображения И₁,И₂,И_N, а во входных каналах N+1, N+2,2N формируются s-поляризованные изображения И_1+N,И_2+N,И_2N. Блоком управления БУ для каждого из входящих в коммутатор управляющих каскадов A_k (k= 1,2,K) вырабатываются комбинации сигналов управления модуляторами плоскости поляризации U_k= U_k1, U_k2,K_kN} соответствующие требуемой картине соединений входных и выходных каналов. После завершения переходных процессов в управляемых модуляторах плоскости поляризации формируемые во входных каналах изображения передаются в выходные каналы 1,2,2N в соответствии с установившимися маршрутами соединения. Таким же образом работает двумерный коммутатор. Различие состоит только в том, что, поскольку число формируемых во входных оптических каналах коммутатора p- и s-поляризованных изображений равно N², то блок управления БУ вырабатывает комбинации из N² управляющих сигналов.This type of network connector is displayed by a two-dimensional bipartite graph, which can be mathematically described as follows. If the numbers of the optical channels in the groups associated with the first, third, and fourth lenses of the interconnect block I _M are denoted, respectively, as a _if b _if c _ij and d _ij , where i, j 1,2, M / 2, then for p-polarized beams are connected

input and output channels and for s-polarized beams channels are connected

The proposed optoelectronic switch of two-dimensional images works as follows. Assume that the input optical channels 1,2, N are formed by p-polarized image AND _1, AND _2, AND _N, and the input channels N + 1, N + 2,2N formed by s-polarized images and _{1 + N,} and _{2 + N} , and _2N . The control unit of the control unit for each of the control stages A _k (k = 1,2, K) included in the switch generates combinations of control signals for the polarization plane modulators U _k = U _k1 , U _k2 , K _kN } corresponding to the required picture of the input and output channel connections. After the completion of transient processes in controlled polarization plane modulators, the images formed in the input channels are transmitted to the output channels 1,2,2N in accordance with established connection routes. The two-dimensional switch works in the same way. The only difference is that, since the number of p- and s-polarized images generated in the input optical channels of the switch is N ² , the control unit of the control unit generates combinations of N ² control signals.

Possible parameters of the proposed optoelectronic image switch can be evaluated as follows. The number of elements in the transmitted image qxq (for example, the number of bits transmitted over channels in parallel as group information) is determined by the sizes of polarization-sensitive splitters and the angular aperture NA of the optical system. From the geometry of the interconnect block (see Fig. 2), it follows that the numerical aperture of the NA optical system under the assumption that L _M >> l _n , l _Q , cannot exceed the value NA ≅ 0.125n, where n ≈ 1.5 is the indicator refraction of polarization sensitive splitters. If single-mode lasers with a Gaussian intensity distribution are used as the radiation sources forming the light patterns at the switch inputs, then, as is well known, in multi-stage diffraction-limited optical systems with an optimal Gaussian beam radius, the diffraction light losses do not exceed several percent at the energy concentration in the generated output channels light spots (image elements) of more than 95%. With this concentration of energy, mutual interference between a neighbor is practically eliminated. of elements in the transmitted images, and the maximum density ρ elements in the image is estimated by the relation:
ρ _max = (2NA / 3λ) ² , (1)
where λ is the wavelength of optical radiation.

When using radiation sources with l = 0.9 μm, on the basis of (1), we find for the maximum possible density of discrete elements in the transmitted images ρ _max ≈ 2 • 10 ⁶ cm ^-2 with an element diameter of approximately 7 μm. If polarization-sensitive splitters with an edge L _N 5 cm are used in a 2N ² x 2N ² two-coordinate switch in an N-type interconnect, the total amount of information transmitted in peak mode over all 2N ² optical channels can theoretically reach 4 • 10 ⁸ bits with the ability to transmit on each optical channel of the switch, for example, with the number of ports equal to 128 (N 8), group information from qxq is approximately 3 • 10 ⁶ bits. Given the inevitable aberrations of the optical system and the requirement for ease of adjustment, as well as the possibility of creating GaAs matrices of vertically emitting lasers and photodetector arrays, in practical developments it can be considered realistic to form, transmit and register information arrays of approximately 10 ⁷ bits over all 2N ² optical channels; in the case of a switch with 128 ports, images transmitted via optical channels can contain up to approximately 8 • 10 ⁴ discrete elements with a pitch between them of approximately 45 μm.

 Due to the fact that in the proposed switch, the images of all input ports are transmitted to the input ports through an optical system, each component of which consists of four, and not one, lenses, then with the same lens aperture the total volume transmitted through all the optical channels of the two-coordinate (t ie, volumetric design) of the information switch, at least four times more than in the prototype. In the case of a switch of a flat design, at least a twofold gain is achieved.

The rate of information transmission over any connected pair of optical channels W (the product of the spatial and temporal frequency bands) is defined as the product of the number of elements in the transmitted image and the information transfer rate V bit / s (i.e., W q ² V), achievable for a given probability of loss information. The limiting value of W is limited by reasons of an energy nature: the available level of continuously generated light power P, the admissible level of heat emission Q, and the threshold sensitivity of photodetectors E _p . In the absence of light loss W = QL $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2}}$ / E _p . For Q 10 W / cm ² , L ₂ 1 cm and E _p 1 FJ (the threshold for reliable operation of the photodetector when using single-mode lasers with Poisson statistics of photons characteristic of them), the information transfer rate can reach W 10 Pbit / s. In real matrices with a large number of elements, the threshold sensitivity of photodetectors does not exceed E _p ≈ 10 FJ and the efficiency of GaAs lasers is η ≈ 10%. Therefore, in the case of using a matrix of lasers with a total emitted power of P = ηQ ≈ 1 W with a heat release of Q 10 W and heat release in the matrix of photodetectors Q 1 W, the information transfer rate W ≈ 0.1 Pbit / s is possible, which is more than 1000 times higher than the transmission rate in known switching systems of information flows. Moreover, in the case of the proposed switch, for example, size 128x128, its total (i.e., all channels) peak performance can reach W _sum ≈ 10 Pbit / s.

Comparison of the values of W and W _sum , achievable in the proposed switch and prototype, shows that in the prototype due to vignetting of light beams (ceteris paribus), these values are approximately 10-50 times less.

Claims (3)

1. A multi-stage optoelectronic switch with 2N ^r , where N 2 ^r , r 1, 2, 3, input optical channels and with 2N output optical channels, containing optically coupled information unit p- and s-polarized input images with 2N optical inputs, which are input ports of the switch, and N optical outputs, K identical controlled stages, where K logN + 1 in the case of a blocked and K 2logN + 1 in the case of a tunable non-blocked switch based on space-time light modulators with N individually controlled crossovers by means of light polarization planes, the inputs of the first controlled cascade being optically connected to the outputs of the input image data reduction unit, K 1 interconnected cascades of interconnects r logN types with N optical inputs and N optical outputs, each of the cascades of interconnects of the Mth type, where M N / 2 ^{m - 1} , m 1, 2, 3, r, consists of optically coupled two input collective lenses, two output lenses, a polarization-sensing splitter that transmits p and reflects the component falling in the orthogonal direction s them to their diagonal facet of light beams, the first facet of which through the first lens is connected to the N input optical channels of the interconnect cascade, two quarter-wave plates and two reflective elements, a dilution unit of p- and s-polarized output images with N optical inputs associated with optical outputs K-th controlled cascade, and 2N optical outputs, which are the output ports of the switch, and a control unit, the outputs of which are connected to individually controlled switches of the controlled cascades, about characterized in that the cascades of M-type interconnects are made in the form of N / M identical interconnect blocks with M optical inputs and M optical outputs, a second input, first and second output polarization-sensitive splitters, five elements rotating 90 ^o polarization plane passing therethrough linearly polarized light, four quarter-wave plate and four reflective element included in the block reflecting elements are designed as plane mirrors, the first face of the first input the fourth and fourth faces of the second input polarization-sensitive splitters are optically coupled through the first and second input collective lenses, respectively, with the input channels 1, 2, M / 2 and 1 + M / 2, 2 + M / 2, M of the interconnect block, the second face of the first and the third face of the second input polarization-sensitive splitters, the second and fourth faces of the first and second output polarization-sensitive splitters are optically coupled through the quarter-wave plates to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and the first face and the first face of the second input, the third face of the first input and the first face of the first output, the second face of the first input and the first face of the second output polarization-sensitive splitters are optically connected to each other, respectively, through the first, second and third elements, rotating through 90 ^o the plane of polarization of the linearly polarized light, and the lens sub-unit with two optical inputs and two optical outputs, consisting of a set and the focal length of the two input and two output lenses are optically coupled respectively to the output channels 1, 2, M / 2 and 1 + M / 2, 2 + M / 2, M of the interconnect block, the first and second input collective lenses and, respectively, the first and the second output lenses are mounted relative to each other at the focal length along the light beam. 2. The switch according to claim 1 for N 2 ^r • 2 ^r , characterized in that the interconnect cascades are made in the form of interconnects cascades x and y rotated 90 ^° around the horizontal optical axis, the controlled cascades are made in the form of 2 ^r • 2 square matrices ^r modulators of the plane of polarization of light included in the interconnect blocks of polarization-sensitive splitters are in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds with square bases of size L _m • L _m and faces L _m • 2L _m , flat reflecting elements, quarter-wave plates and elements rotating and 90 ^{o the} plane of polarization of linearly polarized light passing through them, have the shape of rectangles of size L _m • 2L _m , and the lenses are grouped into square matrices of four spherical lenses, the first, third, second, fourth input collective lenses being optically connected respectively to the first face the first and fourth faces of the second input polarization-sensitive parallelepipeds, the first, third and second, fourth output lenses through the fourth and fifth half-wave plates are optically coupled with the third faces of the first and second output of the polarization sensitive parallelepipeds, the first, third, second, fourth input lenses of the lens subunit are optically connected to the outputs of the fourth and fifth elements, respectively, rotating 90 ^{° of the} plane of polarization of linearly polarized light passing through them. 3. The switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the output polarization-sensitive splitters included in the interconnect blocks are rotated 90 ^° around the horizontal axis relative to the input polarization-sensitive splitters.

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