RU2087633C1 - Sectional-monolithic framework of multistory buildings and method for its erection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction engineering. SUBSTANCE: this framework has sectional reinforced concrete columns with holes, and ceiling slabs with embedded buts. Ceiling slabs are resting with their two opposite ends on reinforced butts embedded between them to create span-pieces built in columns. End surfaces of slabs which are adjacent to span-pieces are made inclined to slab plane at negative incline angle with mounting depth not less than 1/4 of slab thickness. Span-pieces are located unidirectional along parallel axes of building, and reinforcement of each span-piece is multiple-row with upper rods inserted through holes in slabs, and with lower rods inserted into blind sockets formed in two opposite faces of columns. Holes and sockets of columns are concreted integrally with span-pieces. EFFECT: high efficiency. 7 cl, 9 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the construction and can be used in the construction of prefabricated monolithic frames of multi-storey buildings.

 Known prefabricated monolithic frame of the building, in which on the console columns are supported slabs with shelves on the side faces. Adjacent plates are laid in the transverse direction in the transverse direction on these shelves, the joints of the plates are monochromatic [1] The described structural scheme provides for the necessity of installing consoles on columns and limits the planning capabilities of the frame.

 Prefabricated monolithic overlapping of the frame building is also known, made in the form of prefabricated reinforced concrete beams of trapezoidal section with open upper reinforcement, on which prefabricated floor slabs are laid. The gaps between the prefabricated floor slabs and beams, as well as the upper open reinforcement of the beams, are monolithic. The design provides for the support of prefabricated floor slabs with a reverse slope of the side surfaces on the prefabricated beams [2] In this case, the installation of prefabricated floor slabs with slopes in the design position is almost impossible due to inevitable errors in their manufacture and installation.

Known precast-monolithic frame of a multi-story building, including precast reinforced concrete columns with openings and floor slabs with monolithic reinforced joints. Joint reinforcement is made by prestressed reinforcement, passed through the column openings [3]
The closest analogue of both the device and the method is a precast-monolithic frame of a multi-storey building, including precast reinforced concrete columns with openings and floor slabs, supported by two opposite ends on the joints that are monolithic between them, forming crossbars embedded in the columns, whose upper rods of the multi-row reinforcement are monolithic column openings, and a method of mounting a precast-monolithic frame of a multi-storey building, including installing prefabricated columns with openings, laying floor slabs, placing a Mathura in the joints between the end faces of the slabs, some of which are passed through the holes of the columns and the columns zamonolichivayut holes and joints to form crossbars, carrying slabs [4]
The disadvantage of these solutions is, firstly, the need to use prestressed reinforcement, which is difficult to construct technologically under construction conditions, and, secondly, the openings in the columns formed in two mutually perpendicular directions in one section of the column sharply weaken its bearing capacity, difficult to manufacture and create certain difficulties in transportation.

 The objective of the invention is to create a design that facilitates its installation on a construction site, increasing the reliability of the frame and providing high quality.

 This problem is solved due to the fact that the precast-monolithic frame of a multi-storey building contains prefabricated reinforced concrete columns with holes and floor slabs with monolithic joints. The floor slabs are supported by two opposite ends on the reinforced joints monolithic between them, forming crossbars embedded in the columns. The end surfaces of the plates adjacent to the crossbars are made inclined to the plane of the plate with a negative angle of inclination, having a depth of at least 1/4 of the thickness of the plate. Crossbars are located unidirectionally along the parallel axes of the building. The reinforcement of each crossbar is multi-row with the upper rods passing through the holes in the columns and the lower ones brought into the blind nests formed on two opposite faces of the columns. The holes and nests of the columns are monochromatic simultaneously with the crossbars. The crossbars are made in the plane of the floor slabs, and their thickness is equal to the thickness of the floor. Crossbars can be made with additional sections attached to them, located on top and / or lower of the crossbar and slabs resting on it, and one of the parts of the additional sections can be prefabricated.

 The problem is also solved due to the fact that after installing the columns between them, the formwork of monolithic joint is fixed at the design elevation, on which the ends of the floor slabs are supported. then, reinforcement is laid between the end surfaces of the floor slabs, its ends are inserted into the holes and nests of the columns, after which the holes and nests of the columns and the joint between the plates are monochromatic, forming a crossbar that carries the floor slabs. In this case, the formwork is installed flush with the lower surface of the floor slabs.

 A comparative analysis of the invention with the prototype shows that it is distinguished by the presence of monolithic crossbars formed when the joint between the ends of the prefabricated floor slabs is monolithic, the end surfaces of the slabs with a negative angle of inclination having a depth of at least 1/4 of the thickness, and the location of the crossbars themselves only in unidirectional parallel axes of the building and the establishment of the lower rods of the multi-row reinforcement of the crossbars in the nests formed on two opposite faces of the columns, with holes and nests zamonolichivayutsya columns together with bolts. In addition, the difference is that the crossbar height can increase depending on the load on the floor due to the addition of additional sections to it. The frame mounting procedure also differs: after the columns are installed in the design position, the formwork between them is fixed to the design mark to homologize the joint, on which the ends of the floor slabs are supported, then fittings are placed between the end surfaces of the floor slabs, their ends are inserted into the holes and nests of the columns, after which the holes and nests of the columns and the joint between the plates are monolithic, forming a crossbar that carries the floor slabs. In this case, the formwork is installed flush with the lower surface of the floor slabs.

 This analysis allows us to conclude that there is novelty in the invention.

 Comparisons of the proposed design with other technical solutions for a similar purpose show that the message is connected between the prefabricated floor slabs of the joints of the crossbar functions located along only the unidirectional axes of the building, the execution of the ends of the slabs with a negative angle, having a depth of at least 1/4 of the slab thickness, and the placement of the working reinforcement of the junction of the crossbar in the body of the column and the monolithic of this reinforcement and its location in the column along with the crossbar allows, firstly, to provide max the immense accuracy of mating slabs and crossbars, secondly, to simplify the manufacturing technology of columns, to increase their strength and transportability, and thirdly, to eliminate the need to perform prestressing of reinforcement at a construction site. All of these beneficial effects can be obtained using all of the claimed features. This comparison allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution exceeds the existing level of technology.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows a fragment of the frame, view in plan; in FIG. 2 node support floor slabs on the crossbar, the option of the location of the crossbar in the body of the plates flush; in FIG. 3 the same, an embodiment of a crossbar with an additional top plate; in FIG. 4 the same, an embodiment of a crossbar with an additional lower monolithic overlay; in FIG. 5 is the same, an embodiment of a deadbolt with an additional lower precast plate; in FIG. 6 supporting end of the floor slab; in FIG. 7, section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 8 section BB in FIG. 7 (option node support bolt to the column); in FIG. 9 is a general view of the unit supporting the floor slabs on the formwork.

 The prefabricated monolithic frame of the building consists of prefabricated columns 1, in the body of which through holes 2 and sockets 3 are formed. In these holes 2 and sockets 3 there is a working multi-row reinforcement 4 and 5 of a monolithic crossbar 6, and the upper reinforcement 4 is passed through the through holes 2 into the body of the column 1, and the bottom reinforcement 5 is installed in the nests 3. On the crossbar 6 the slabs 7 are supported. The end surfaces 8 of the slabs 7 are made inclined to the plane of the slabs 7 with a negative inclination angle having a depth of at least 1/4 h, where the depth distance e from the vertical projection of the upper edges of plates 7 and its lower rib, h the thickness of the plates 6, 7. Rigel formed by embedment of the gap between the ends 8 overlapping plates 7 and 9 formwork supplied from below at the time of embedment. The crossbar 6 can have a height equal to the thickness of the floor slabs 7, or at increased loads it is additionally equipped with sections 10 and 11 located on top or bottom of the floor slabs 7. It is possible that the additional section is made of a precast reinforced concrete flat beam 12, which plays the role in this case abandoned formwork.

 Installation of a precast-monolithic frame of a multi-story building begins with the installation of prefabricated columns 1, after which a formwork 9 of monolithic joint 13 is fixed between them at the design elevation, on which the ends 14 of the floor slabs 7 rest, while the end surfaces of the ends 14 of the plates 7 are made with a negative angle having a depth of at least 1/4 of the thickness of the plate. Then, between the end surfaces 8 of the floor slabs 7, fittings 4 and 5 are laid, their ends are inserted into the holes 2 and the nests 3 of the columns 1, after which the holes 2 and the nests 3 of the columns 1 and the joint 13 between the floor slabs 7 are monochromatic, forming a crossbar 6, which carries the plates floors 7. The formwork 9 is installed flush with the bottom surface 15 of the floor slabs 7.

 The main advantages of this frame are as follows: a wide variety of possible structural and technological modifications of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements, methods for their reinforcement and nodes of their connection, while ensuring the invariance of the basic dimensional schemes of buildings; monolithic sections located, if necessary, above floor slabs, have a limited width, which allows you to place utilities in preparation for floors and reduce the building height of the floor; simplified installation at the construction site; increasing the reliability of the frame with high quality.

Claims (7)

 1. Prefabricated monolithic frame of a multi-storey building, including prefabricated reinforced concrete columns with holes and floor slabs, supported by two opposite ends on the joints between them monolithic, forming crossbars embedded in the columns, the upper multi-row reinforcement rods of which are monolithic in the column openings, characterized in that the adjacent to the crossbars, the end surfaces of the plates are made inclined to the plane of the plate with a negative angle of inclination, having a depth of at least 1/4 h, where h is the thickness of the plate, and the crossbars are located s unidirectionally and lower crossbars reinforcement rods wound into blind sockets formed on opposite faces of the columns, wherein the socket is hardwired together with bolts.  2. The frame according to claim 1, characterized in that the crossbars are made in the plane of the floor slabs and their height is equal to the thickness of the floor.  3. The frame according to claim 1, characterized in that the crossbars are made with additional sections attached to them located on top and / or bottom of the crossbars and the floor slabs resting on it.  4. The frame according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that at least part of the additional sections are prefabricated.  5. A method of mounting a precast-monolithic frame of a multi-storey building, including installing prefabricated columns with holes, laying floor slabs, placing reinforcement in the joints between the end surfaces of the floor slabs, part of which is passed through the column openings and monolith the column openings and joints with the formation of crossbars bearing plates floors, characterized in that before the installation of the columns on their opposite faces, blind sockets are made, and the end surfaces of the floor slabs directed to the reinforcement are negative angle of inclination, having a depth of at least 1 / 4h, where h is the thickness of the floor slab, and after installing the columns, formwork is fixed at the design mark of the junction, and when laying the reinforcement of the crossbars, the other part of the reinforcement is inserted into the blind nests of the columns, followed by naming the nests simultaneously with monolithic crossbars.  6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the formwork is installed flush with the bottom surface of the floor slabs.  7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the precast reinforced concrete element left in the structure is used as the formwork.

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