RU207863U1 - VIBRATION LEVEL ALARM EQUIPPED WITH THREE TUBES - Google Patents

Abstract

Utility model Vibrating level switch equipped with three tubes refers to overfill prevention devices and can be used in the oil industry. The level switch is equipped with three vibrating tubes of various lengths, all tubes are connected to corresponding frequency converters, which respectively turn on light and sound signals as well as a programmable logic controller to shut off the pump and close the solenoid valve. In this case, all tubes are made with the possibility of lengthening by a certain length for receiving crude oil. The technical result is achieved by recording the vibration frequency by three vibrating tubes of the signaling device alternately when their level of oil product is reached, followed by transmission of data to frequency converters, while after the oil product reaches the first tube, a light signal is turned on, when the oil product reaches the second tube, a sound signal is turned on, and when the oil product reaches the third tube, a programmable logic controller is turned on to turn off the pump and close the solenoid valve. In order to prevent water hammer and increase the pressure in the pipeline, the solenoid valve is turned off 30-40 seconds later than the pump. The use of level switches equipped with vibrating tubes protects each ground vertical tank from overflowing with oil.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for receiving various liquids into tanks and can be used in the oil and other industries.

The proposed utility model is most applicable when receiving oil products and oil at industrial enterprises and oil depots equipped with ground vertical steel tanks (RVS).

Pollution of the lithosphere and hydrosphere occurs as a result of leaks of oil products, oil and other liquids from tanks and pipelines, overflows of vertical steel tanks. Overfilling of tanks with various liquids is caused by malfunction of devices to prevent fuel overflows, human factors associated with operator errors, as well as the lack of an automatic system that allows the pump to turn off when the liquid reaches the maximum permissible level.

The fight against losses of oil products and other liquids from overflows into tanks is becoming an important environmental and economic task [Kovalenko V.G. Environmental safety in oil product supply systems and road transport. M .: LitNefteGaz, 2004].

Known tank with a double bottom, equipped with a device for preventing overflows and a plant for capturing vapors of petroleum products [Matveev YU.A. et al. Patent No. 108027 dated 09/10/2011. M .: VNIIGPE].

The proposed vertical steel tank is additionally equipped with a device to prevent overflow of oil products, including a movable and contact plate, connected by communication lines with a relay, a pump and an electromagnetic valve, and a pipeline is also equipped to prevent overflow of oil products when the maximum level is reached with a check valve and a gate valve. In this case, the pipeline is connected to a steam pipeline for capturing vapors of oil products, which is connected to a buried reservoir. The recessed tank is half filled with a low-octane component and is equipped with a device for receiving vapors of oil products with two baffles for crushing steam bubbles.

An additional pipeline for receiving vapors is equipped underground with a pipeline - a refrigerator filled with water (cooling liquid) and equipped with filling and drain valves.

The technical device works as follows. The oil product enters the tank. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases. In order to capture vapors during large breaths, a breathing valve, a check valve are opened and through a steam line connected to an additional tank equipped with a receiving device, vapors enter the tank with a low-octane oil product. In this case, part of the gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of the fragmentation of bubbles by two partitions with holes of different diameters is absorbed by a low-octane oil product. The undissolved part of gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet from the tank is captured by an absorber filter.

In this case, most of the vapors are converted to liquid due to cooling in the underground section of the pipeline located in the refrigerator pipeline.

As the temperature rises, the pressure of the vapor space increases. At the same time, the breathing valve, the non-return valve are opened, and through the steam line connected to an additional tank equipped with a receiving device, the vapors enter the tank with the low-octane component.

When the fuel level reaches the movable plate, it begins to rise and is connected to the contact plate. A current with a voltage of 12 volts through the communication line enters the relay and turns it off and the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and delivering fuel with a control gate.

In the event of a malfunction or absence of a system to prevent the overflow of combustible oil under pressure, the solenoid valve opens and through the pipeline, the steam pipeline enters the buried tank.

The disadvantages of the described reservoir when receiving, storing and dispensing petroleum products are:

1. Possibility of water hammer in the pipeline.

2. Possibility of an emergency due to pump shutdown.

3. Low efficiency of the device for preventing overfilling when receiving various liquids.

Also known is a tank equipped with a vibrating level switch and an installation for capturing vapors of petroleum products [Matveev YU.A. et al. Patent No. 155876 dated 20.10.2015. M .: VNIIGPE].

The principle of operation of a vibrating level switch is based on the dependence of the frequency and amplitude of vibrations of the vibrating fork on the medium in the tank. Plugging the plug into an oil product or other liquid causes a sharp decrease in the frequency and amplitude of oscillations [Prakhova M.Yu. Basics of automation of production processes in oil and gas production. M .: Academy, 2012].

A vertical steel tank with standard and additional equipment is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level switch, including a housing with a cable entry, a tube and a vibration fork. The level switch is connected by communication lines by a frequency converter, which in turn is connected to a relay. The relay is connected by communication lines with a pump, a solenoid valve and a sound signaling device.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline, the oil product enters the tank. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases.

When the fuel level reaches the vibration fork, the oscillation frequency in the level indicator changes, which is registered by the frequency converter via the communication line. The frequency converter through the communication line switches on the relay, which switches off the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and delivering fuel with a control gate. Also, at the same time, the relay turns on an audible signaling device to signal to the operator that the oil product (oil) reaches the maximum level.

The disadvantages of a tank equipped with a vibrating level switch and an oil vapor recovery unit are:

1. The possibility of a water hammer in the pipeline when the solenoid valve is suddenly closed, followed by an emergency.

2. Lack of a time interval for the operator to turn off the pump and open or close the valves on the tanks.

Also known is a vibration level switch with an additional pump shutdown device [Matveev YU.A. et al. Patent No. 164956 dated 6.10.2016. M .: VNIIGPE].

Vertical steel tank, has inlet and outlet pipes, pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil and oil products, gate valves, skylight and gauge hatches, ventilation pipe, high pressure breathing valve, hatch, working pressure breathing valve.

The tank is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level switch, which includes a housing with a cable gland, a tube and a vibration plug. The level switch is equipped with two plates: movable and fixed. The fixed plate is a contact and is connected by a communication line to the relay. The level switch is connected to the frequency converter by communication lines. The frequency converter, in turn, is connected to the sound signal, and the relay is connected by communication lines to the pump and the solenoid valve. All equipment is located on the surface of the earth.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline, the oil product enters the tank. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases.

When the fuel level reaches the vibration fork, the oscillation frequency in the level indicator changes, which is registered by the frequency converter via the communication line. The frequency converter turns on the sound signal via the communication line. Upon receipt of a signal, the operator has the ability to close the valves for receiving fuel into the tank or turn off the pump.

In the event of a malfunction of the sound signal or the absence of an operator, oil continues to flow into the tank. When the fuel level reaches the movable plate, it begins to rise and is connected to the fixed (contact) plate. A current with a voltage of 12 volts through the communication line enters the relay and turns it off and the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and delivering fuel with a control gate.

The disadvantages of a vibrating level switch with an additional pump shut-off device are:

1. The presence of a small time interval for the operator to turn off the pump and open or close the valves on the tanks when receiving oil products.

2. Low efficiency of the vibrating level switch when receiving various liquids.

Also known is a vibration level switch designed for crude oil tanks [Matveev YU.A. et al. Patent No. 169948 dated April 7, 2017. M .: VNIIGPE].

Vertical steel tank, has inlet and outlet pipes, pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil and oil products, gate valves, skylight and gauge hatches, ventilation pipe, high pressure breathing valve, hatch, working pressure breathing valve.

The tank is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level switch, which includes a housing with cable glands, a bushing and a vibration fork. The level switch is equipped with an additional unit with vibrating tube. Moreover, the vibrating tube is located in the tank below the vibrating fork at a distance of 30-50 cm. Filling this distance with oil foam allows the operator to have time to close the valves and turn off the pump. The rate of foam formation increases with increasing gas content in the oil, as well as during periods of high ambient temperatures.

Also, the signaling device is equipped with two plates: movable and fixed. The fixed plate is a contact and is connected by a communication line to the relay. The level switch is connected by communication lines to a frequency converter for a vibration fork. The frequency converter, in turn, is connected to the sound signal, and the relay is connected by communication lines to the pump and the solenoid valve. An additional level switch unit is connected by communication lines to a frequency converter for a vibrating tube. The frequency converter, in turn, is connected to the video signal.

The utility model works as follows. The crude oil enters the tank through the receiving pipeline. When crude oil with a high gas content enters the reservoir, a layer of foam of different heights is formed. Given the extremely low density of the foam and the varying heights of the foam layer, it is difficult for the operator to determine when the foam level will exceed the maximum allowable value. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases. With the formation of oil foam, it reaches the vibrating tube, while the vibration frequency changes, which is recorded by the frequency converter through the communication line. The frequency converter turns on the video signal via the communication line. Moreover, if a layer of oil foam reaches the vibrating tube, then a lamp of one color (for example, red) lights up, and when a layer of oil reaches the tube, a lamp of a different color lights up (for example, green). Upon receipt of the signal, the operator has the opportunity to prepare his further actions, depending on which layer (oil foam or oil) has reached the vibrating tube. Taking into account the fact that oil foam fills the reservoir much faster than oil, it is advisable to start closing the valves when the foam level reaches the pipe. When oil touches the vibrating tube, the operator can wait until the fill level reaches the vibrating bushing.

After receiving a sound signal, the operator has the opportunity to close the valves for receiving oil into the tank or turn off the pump.

In the event of a malfunction of the sound signal or the absence of an operator, oil continues to flow into the tank. When the fuel level reaches the movable plate, it begins to rise and is connected to the fixed (contact) plate. A current with a voltage of volts through the communication line enters the relay and turns it off, as well as the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline.

The disadvantages of a vibratory level switch designed for crude oil tanks are

1. The presence of a short time interval for the operator to turn off the pump and open (close) the valves on the tanks when receiving liquid.

2. Possibility of failure of the movable plate due to sticking of high-viscosity products, ingress of mechanical impurities, rusting, etc.

The closest to this problem is a level switch equipped with vibrating tubes [Bogdanov A.Yu., Matveev Yu.A. Utility model patent No.200189 dated 12.10.2020. M .: VNIIGPE].

Vertical steel tank, has inlet and outlet pipes, pipeline for receiving oil products, valves, skylight and gauge hatches, ventilation pipe, high-pressure breathing valve, hatch-manhole, working pressure breathing valve. The tank is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level switch, which includes a housing with cable glands, a bushing and vibrating tubes of various lengths.

Moreover, the first vibrating tube is located in the reservoir below the second vibrating tube. And the third tube is above the second tube.

Also, the level indicator is connected with communication lines to frequency converters for vibrating tubes. In this case, the frequency converter receiving the vibration frequency from the first tube is connected to the light signal, and the frequency converter receiving the vibration frequency from the second tube is connected to the sound signal.

It should be noted that the frequency converter receiving the oscillation frequency from the third tube is connected to the relay.

The relay is connected by communication lines to the pump and the solenoid valve.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline, the oil product enters the tank.

The level of oil in the tank begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases. The oil product reaches the first vibrating tube, while the vibration frequency changes, which is recorded by the corresponding frequency converter through the communication line. The frequency converter turns on the light signal through the communication line. After the oil product reaches the second vibrating tube, the vibration frequency also changes, which is recorded by the corresponding frequency converter via the communication line. The frequency converter turns on the sound signal via the communication line.

After receiving a sound signal, the operator has the opportunity to close the valves for receiving oil into the tank and turn off the pump.

In the event of a malfunction of the light and sound signals or the absence of an operator, the oil product continues to flow into the tank. When the level of the oil product reaches the third tube, the oscillation frequency changes, which is registered by the corresponding frequency converter via the communication line. The frequency converter switches on the relay via the communication line. A current with a voltage of 12 volts through the communication line enters the relay and turns off the pump.

After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the electromagnetic valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil products with a control gate.

The disadvantages of a level switch equipped with vibrating tubes are

1. Possibility of water hammer while turning off the pump and closing the solenoid valve

2. Lack of efficiency when receiving crude oil.

3. Lack of illumination for installation and operation of the signaling device at night.

The proposed useful model makes it possible to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of preventing the overflow of various oil products from reservoirs.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the signaling device is additionally equipped with a backlight lamp, the vibrating tubes are made with the possibility of lengthening, and also by the fact that one of the tubes is connected to a programmable logic controller.

These features are essential for solving the problem of a utility model, since the overflow of oil products from the reservoir is prevented, and the likelihood of emergencies decreases.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3), which show: sections of the tank with a signaling device and equipment, as well as front views of a vibration level switch.

Vertical steel tank 1, has inlet and outlet nozzles 2, pipeline for receiving oil product 3, valves 4, skylight and gauge hatches 5, 6, ventilation duct 7, high pressure breathing valve 8, hatch hole 9, breathing valve of working pressure 10. The tank is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level indicator 11, which includes a housing 12 with cable entries 13, a bushing 14 and vibrating tubes of various lengths 15, 16, 17. All three tubes are made with the possibility of lengthening. Extension of pipes is used when receiving crude oil, when the technological process of filling the reservoir is associated with the formation of oil foam.

Moreover, the first vibrating tube 15 is in the tank below the second vibrating tube 16 at a distance of 20-30 cm. And the third tube 17 is located above the second tube 16 at a distance of 20-30 cm. Filling these distances with oil allows the operator to have time to close the valves and turn off the pump. The level switch is additionally equipped with a backlight 18 for installing and marking the level switch on the tank at night.

Also, the level indicator is connected by communication lines 19 to frequency converters 20 for vibrating tubes 15, 16. In this case, the frequency converter 20, which receives the oscillation frequency from the tube 15, is connected to the light signal 21, and the frequency converter 20, which receives the oscillation frequency from the tube 16, is connected with audible signal 22.

It should be noted that the frequency converter 20 receiving the oscillation frequency from the tube 17 is connected to the program logic controller 23, which is connected by communication lines to the pump 24 and the solenoid valve 25. The functions of the controller 23 include turning off the pump and closing the solenoid valve. In this case, the closure of the solenoid valve 25 occurs 30-40 seconds later than the shutdown of the pump 24. This avoids a water hammer and an increase in the pressure of the oil product 26 in the pipeline.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline 3, the oil product 26 enters the tank 1.

The level of oil 26 in the reservoir begins to increase, and accordingly the volume of the steam space 27 decreases. The oil product reaches the first vibrating tube 15, while the frequency of the oscillations changes, which is registered by the corresponding frequency converter via the communication line 19. The frequency converter through the communication line turns on a red light signal 21. Upon receipt of the light signal, the operator has the opportunity to prepare his further actions. Taking into account the fact that the oil product continues to flow into the tank, it is advisable to prepare for closing the valve and turning off the pump. After the oil product reaches the second vibrating tube 16, the vibration frequency also changes, which is recorded by the corresponding frequency converter 20 via the communication line 19. The frequency converter through the communication line turns on the sound signal 22.

After receiving a sound signal, the operator has the opportunity to turn off the pump 24 and close the valves 4 for receiving oil into the tank.

In the event of a malfunction of the light and sound signals 21, 22 or the absence of an operator, the oil product 26 continues to flow into the tank. When the oil level reaches the tube 17, the oscillation frequency changes, which is registered by the corresponding frequency converter 20 through the communication line 19. From the frequency converter through the communication line, the signal enters the program logic controller 23. The controller 23 turns off the pump 24. After the voltage is removed, the current through the communication line stops flowing on the coil winding of the solenoid valve 25, which closes the opening in the pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil product 3 with a control gate. In this case, the closing of the solenoid valve 25 occurs 30-40 seconds later than the shutdown of the pump 24.

In the dark, the operator turns on the backlight lamp to install the signaling device. Also, a backlight can be turned on to indicate an alarm on the tank.

When receiving crude oil into the reservoir, the operator lengthens the tubes 15, 16, 17 by the same length (Fig. 3). When crude oil is fed into the tank, the formation of oil foam (a mixture of oil with gas bubbles) is possible. Oil foam rises in the tank much faster than oil and oil products. Extension of the pipes avoids spillage of oil foam from the reservoir.

The use of level alarms equipped with vibrating tubes for supplying light and sound signals, as well as shutting off the pump and closing the solenoid valve makes it possible to protect each ground VST from overflowing with oil.

The use of the proposed utility model makes it possible to avoid the occurrence of emergencies associated with overflows, an increase in the pressure of an oil product in the pipeline, as well as hydraulic shocks.

Claims (1)

A vibrating level switch equipped with three tubes, including a housing with cable glands, a bushing, vibrating tubes of various lengths, characterized in that the indicator is additionally equipped with a backlight lamp, the vibrating tubes are made with the possibility of lengthening, and also in that one of the tubes is made with the possibility of connecting with programmable logic controller.

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