RU2067809C1 - Method for growing smoke-type tea - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves seeding smoke-type tea seeds in furrows and compacting, with wide-row seeding pattern being used and seeding rate being 2 kg per hectare; planting grown seedlings on plantations. Plantation seedlings may be grown in protected ground. Raw material may be harvested from plants of at least one year age. EFFECT: increased efficiency in supplying raw material for producing tea replacer and improved quality of raw material.

Description

 The invention relates to crop production and can be used to provide raw materials for the production of a tea substitute, preventative tea drinks, developed dosage forms and a new drug with anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiviral and bactericidal activity.

 Closest to the technical nature of the claimed is a method of growing Kuril shrubby tea in household plots (Tyurina E.V. Izrailsson V.F. Guskova I.N. Tril V.M. Growing medicinal plants in the garden. Novosibirsk: Novosibirsk Book Publishing House , 1992, p. 48). The essence of this method is that the seeds of Kuril shrubby tea are sown superficially in spring. The grown seedlings are peeled into a "school" for growing in beds or in rows with a distance of 10-15 cm. Next spring, seedlings are planted in a permanent place at a distance of 90 • 90 cm.

 The task set in the invention is to create a stable raw material base for production. The problem is solved in the invention by the fact that a method for growing shrubby Kuril tea is proposed, which involves surface spring sowing of seeds without stratification with planting of the received seedlings at a constant place at a distance of 90 • 90 cm and harvesting of raw materials in the third year of life, characterized in that the seeds are sown with rolling in furrows with a wide-row scheme with a seeding rate of 2 kg / ha, followed by planting seedlings on the plantation.

To implement the method, even weed-free areas are assigned to the plantations after cereal predecessors or vacated old plantations at lower relief levels. In autumn, autumn plowing is carried out to a depth of 30 cm, and in spring ammonium nitrate is introduced with a seeding to a depth of 15-20 cm. On fruit-bearing plantations, starting from 5-6 years of age, nitrate (N ₅₀ ), superphosphate (P ₅₀ ) and potassium are added salt (K ₅₀ ) by the tape method through the aisle during autumn loosening of the soil to a depth of 25 cm.

Plantations are laid by sowing seeds in the soil and planting seedlings. In the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia, seeds are sown in spring, when the average daily temperature of the soil in a layer of 0-10 cm reaches 10 ^o C. Soil sowing is carried out with ordinary seeders with disk coulters with depth limiters with row rolling by rubber rollers. The following spring, seedlings are planted in a permanent place (row spacing 90 cm) with a distance between plants of 90 cm. The rate of seedlings is 10-12 thousand / ha.

 Plants grown in open ground, by the end of the first year of life, have a root root and a small above-ground biomass, and only by the end of the second year of vegetation they form a bush, and bloom only in the third year of life. From this time, it is recommended to start collecting raw materials.

 The second difference from the prototype is the accelerated cultivation of seedlings of Kuril shrub tea in covered ground, which allows you to start harvesting raw materials from the plantation laid by these seedlings from the second year of life.

The optimal time for sowing seeds in closed ground is the third decade of March. Seeds are sown in shallow grooves superficially in boxes or in bulk soil (leafy soil: peat: sand 1: 1: 1), sprinkled slightly on top with wet sand. Seeding rate of 0.2 g / m ² . Shoots appear on 4-7 days. Seedlings are deciphered in boxes or into the soil under the film at a distance of 3-5 cm in a row with aisles of 7-10 cm. In the third decade of May, seedlings are planted in a permanent place in the ground by the method described above.

 Seedlings of Kuril shrub tea, obtained by sowing seeds and planting seedlings in a "school" in closed ground, the first phases of vegetation take place within 2-3 months (instead of 2 years in open ground). At the end of the first year of life, these seedlings planted on the plantation have a well-formed root system and a system of above-ground shoots, bloom and give full seeds. The bush is formed in the first year of life during mass flowering, and starting from the second year of life, raw materials are removed.

 The developed intensive technology for producing planting material of Kuril shrub tea in closed ground accelerates the development of seedlings and reduces the time for collecting raw materials by 1.5-2 times, due to which the costs of growing seedlings fall in the second or third year.

 With the annual integrated conduct of recommended agricultural activities, the bushes give a large increase in annual shoots, which is the basis for stable and high yields of raw materials for 20 years. The average long-term yield of raw materials on the plantation is 18-20 kg / ha.

 Thus, the use of the proposed method of growing Kuril shrub tea provides stable crops on industrial plantations for the production of substitute tea, tea drinks, developed dosage forms and drugs with various preventive and therapeutic properties.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of growing Kuril shrubby tea, including surface spring sowing of seeds without stratification with planting obtained seedlings at a constant place at a distance of 90 x 90 cm, harvesting in the third year of life, characterized in that the sowing of the seeds is carried out by rolling into furrows with a wide-row pattern with a height standard of 2 kg / ha followed by planting seedlings on the plantation.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the seedlings for planting are grown in closed ground, and the harvesting of raw materials from the plantation laid by these seedlings begins in the second year of life.