RU2057859C1 - Folding building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil engineering. SUBSTANCE: folding structural module has six members 1 to 6 in the form of rectangular isosceles triangles interconnected by hinges in a proper way. Modules are interconnected by hinges along hypotenuses 21 to 24 in various combinations of hypotenuse pairs connected by hinges. That allows one to obtain unlimited number of structural types of various shape and application in combination with unlimited number of modules to be connected. EFFECT: variety of structural types. 43 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to three-dimensional building structures and can be used in many sectors of the national economy (construction, transport, trade, agriculture, packaging and packaging, the design of machines and mechanisms, space exploration), as a model for modeling spatial structures, as well as a children's toy and a guide for developing spatial imagination.

 Foldable building structures are known, consisting of modules including pivotally connected rods, diagonal elements and flexible connections [1] These building structures can change shape and fold due to a change in shape and folding of the modules included in them. These structures, due to the fact that the geometrical shape of the faces is deformed in the modules included in them, cannot directly create volume bodies, but create spatial lattices. They do not have sufficiently wide functional capabilities, are difficult to manufacture and are not tight enough to fold.

 Foldable building structures are also known that are obtained by connecting folding modules consisting of articulated rectangular plates [2]. These devices do not have sufficiently wide functional capabilities, since they allow you to create a limited set of spatial structures not widely used.

 Closest to the proposed folding building structure containing at least one folding building module, consisting of elements in the form of rectangular isosceles triangles articulated between hypotenuses and legs with the possibility of mutual rotation and folding [3] This structure also does not have wide functional capabilities and is intended primarily for use as a demonstration model.

 The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of folding building structures.

 For this, in a collapsible building structure containing at least one collapsible building module, consisting of elements in the form of rectangular isosceles triangles articulated between hypotenuses and legs with the possibility of mutual rotation and folding, each module contains six of these elements, two middle ones of them are articulated to each other by hypotenuses, and each leg of the middle elements is articulated to one of the legs of the corresponding one of the four extreme elements, which pairwise hingedly interconnected to the remaining cathetus, wherein the modules are pivotally interconnected by hypotenuses at least one extreme element in each module.

 The features of the proposed building structure due to the number of elements in the form of triangles and their interconnection in precisely this way allow expanding the functionality of the known building structure, then that an unlimited number of modules used for articulating and a variety of options for the relative arrangement of the modules when they are articulated provide variety and unlimited the number of forms obtained, both closed and open.

 Figure 1 shows a folding building module, front view; figure 2 is the same side view; figure 3 also, a top view; figure 4 scan module; in FIG. 5 is the same option; figure 6 is the same option; 7 is a front view of a square package into which the module can be folded; Fig.8 is the same side view; Fig.9 is a front view of the trapezoidal package, which can be folded module; figure 10 is the same side view; 11, the main version of the swivel module hypotenuse 21 with the hypotenuse 23 of another module; on Fig the main version of the swivel module hypotenuse 22 with the hypotenuse 24 of another module; on Fig the main version of the swivel module hypotenuse 21 with the hypotenuse 24 of another module; on Fig the main version of the swivel module hypotenuses 21, 22 with the hypotenuses 24, 23 of another module; on Fig the main version of the swivel module hypotenuse 21 with the hypotenuse 21 of another module; in Fig.16-20 private options for swiveling modules; on Fig stationary connection of independent building structures at the extreme elements; in Fig.22 the same, in the middle elements; on Fig axonometric image of the package, which can be folded folding building structure; on Fig front view of the package, which can be folded into two independent building structures shown in Fig; on Fig axonometric image of a boat obtained from one module; on Fig front view of the tent, obtained from one module; on Fig tent, depicted on Fig, side view; in FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a cube obtained from two modules; in FIG. 29 and 30 of the swivel scheme of the modules to obtain a cube; on Fig scheme swivel modules on two pairs of hypotenuses; on Fig id on the front of the tent, obtained by connecting the modules according to the circuit shown in Fig. 31; in Fig.33 the same side view; in Fig.34 partial connection diagram of the three modules; in FIG. 35 is a perspective view of a trimaran obtained by articulating three modules according to the circuit depicted in FIG. 34; in FIG. 36 is a front view of a trading tent obtained by connecting the three modules according to the scheme depicted in Fig. 34; on Fig side view of the trading tent depicted in Fig; Fig. 38 is a front view of the package obtained by hinging three modules using the embodiment of the module connection shown in Fig. 14; Fig.39 is the same side view; on Fig private scheme swivel four modules; on Fig front view of the table or shelter obtained by connecting the four modules according to the scheme shown in Fig. 40; Fig. 42 is the same side view; Fig. 43 is the same, a top view.

 The collapsible building module shown in three views in FIG. 1,2,3, contains the middle elements 1, 2 and the extreme elements 3 6. The middle elements are pivotally connected according to the hypotenuses 7, 8, and the legs 9 12 are pivotally connected respectively to the legs 16 16 of the extreme elements 3 6. Element 3 with the leg 17 is hinged with the leg 18 of the element 6, and the element 4 of the leg 19 is pivotally connected to the leg 20 of the element 5.

 The module can be made of a solid billet from any sheet material that allows bending, while the role of the swivel in this case is played by folding lines. A scan of such a blank is shown in FIG. 4. To ensure the convenience of material cutting, the reamer can also be made in the form shown in Figs. 5 and 6. unconnected legs can be joined by gluing, welding, etc. The module can be completely stamped to ensure all articulated joints of the elements, and can also be assembled from triangular elements using articulated joints of various designs depending on the purpose of the assembled product. At the same time, the elements can be made of various materials (cardboard, plywood, metal, glass, plastic, etc.), depending on the design of the joints used, they can have different thicknesses, and depending on the purpose they can have all kinds of cutouts, holes , hatches, windows, doors, rigging units, etc. The module can be folded into a square package, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, or in a trapezoid package, as shown in Figs. 9, 10, and occupy any intermediate positions.

 A collapsible building structure containing more than one module is formed by hinging the modules along the hypotenuses of the extreme elements. In each module, one four hypotenuses can be used to attach. A variety of structures obtained is provided by various options for the hinged connections of the modules and an unlimited number of pivotally connected modules. The main options for the swivel connections of the modules are shown in Fig. 11-15. Fig. 16-20 shows some variants of the swivel connections of the modules obtained by combinations of those shown in Fig. 11. 15. Fig. 11 11.

 The self-supporting building structure can be fixedly connected to other structures along aligned extreme elements, as shown in FIG. 21, or along the aligned middle elements, as shown in FIG. Structures obtained by connecting the modules according to the swivel options shown in FIG. 11 20, have the ability to fold into square packets (FIG. 23), change their shape and create static volumetric bodies. If necessary, converging unconnected hypotenuses of the extreme elements of adjacent modules can be connected by welding, glue, locks, lightning, etc. Structures obtained using the compound shown in FIG. 22 can be folded into triangular bags (FIG. 24).

 Some specific products that can be obtained from the described collapsible building structure are shown in Fig.25 28, 31 33, 35 39, 41 43.

 On Fig shows a boat with adjustable draft and the distance between the sides. This boat can be made, for example, from aluminum triangular elements. Adhesive strips made of durable waterproof fabric can play the role of swivel joints. Adjusting and fixing the position of the sides can be carried out by the regulatory element 25. The boat is easily converted into a tent, two projections of which are shown in Fig.26, 27.

 In FIG. 28 shows a collapsible cube, which can be obtained by hinging two modules according to the schemes depicted in FIGS. 29, 30. The halves of the cube open when the modules are rotated around the axis of their hinge connection. Depending on the size, material and design of the articulated joints, the cube can be used as a building block, packaging, container, etc.

 In FIG. 31 shows the structure that is obtained by connecting two modules in two pairs of hypotenuses 21, 24 and 22, 23. It can be used, for example, as a boat, tent or greenhouse (Figs. 32 and 33).

 When the three modules are articulated according to the scheme (Fig. 34), a trimaran structure is obtained, shown in Fig. 35, which is convenient to use as a boat or sailing vessel. According to the same scheme, a design is obtained, depicted in two projections in FIGS. 36, 37, which can be used, for example, as a trade tent that quickly folds and unfolds.

 When using the swivel embodiment of FIG. 14, for three modules, a structure is obtained, two projections of which are shown in FIGS. 38, 39. It can be used, for example, as a package, container, shell for pressurized structures.

 When the four modules are articulated according to the circuit shown in FIG. 40, a design is obtained (Figs. 41, 42, 43). Such a design can be used, for example, as a folding table or a prefabricated shelter.

 With other combinations of swivel joints of the modules according to hypotenuses 21 24 and with an increase in the number of modules, volumetric bodies of closed and open form, combinations of the mentioned forms and new forms, chains consisting of interconnected cubes and other bodies that can be used in various industries of the people are obtained households. These structures can be folded into one or more square-shaped bags, adjusted or fixed in a given shape.

 Thus, the invention allows to solve the problem of expanding the functionality of a folding building structure, to give an economic effect by increasing the manufacturability of manufacturing and assembling products and by increasing the density of folding products during transportation, to save materials due to waste-free cutting of module sweeps, to solve the problem of design and construction of folding complex structures both on earth and in space.

Claims (1)

 FOLDING CONSTRUCTION STRUCTURE, comprising at least one folding module, consisting of middle and extreme elements in the form of rectangular isosceles triangles, pivotally interconnected with each other with the possibility of mutual rotation and folding along the hypotenuses of the middle elements and adjacent catheti of the middle and extreme elements, characterized in that each module contains six elements, of which two are middle and four extreme, the last of which are pairwise articulated to each other along free legs, while the modules are hinges are connected at least one extreme element in each module by hypotenuses.

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