RU204357U1 - Railway vehicle automatic coupler centering device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway transport and concerns the design of the automatic coupler of a freight car, and specifically the interaction unit of the centering beam and the body of the automatic coupler when operating freight cars with a base of 2lв≥17 meters or length along the coupling axes of automatic couplers 2Lc≥21 meters. A centering device for an automatic coupler of a railway vehicle, containing an assembled beam, including a body, a support plate, springs, clamps located inside the body and connecting the support plate with the beam body, as well as pendulum suspensions, by means of which the assembled beam is suspended on the frame of a railway transport funds. The body of the beam is made one-piece and has guides, the angle γ of which is in the range of 90 ° ... 115 °, as well as surfaces a and b, while for surface a the angle α is in the range 30 ° ... 40 °, and for surface b the angle β is in the range 40 °… 50 °. 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to railway transport and concerns the design of the automatic coupler device of a freight car, and specifically the interaction unit of the centering beam and the body of the automatic coupler when operating freight cars with a base 2l _of ≥17 meters or length along the coupling axes of automatic couplers 2L _c ≥21 meters.

Freight cars are the most numerous part of the rolling stock. They are constantly monitored for technical operation, certain requirements are imposed on them in terms of the condition of the cars, their trouble-free operation. In addition to ensuring the safety of goods, the technical condition of the wagons affects the smoothness and uniformity of the movement of the entire train. Taking into account the high speed of movement of modern freight trains, the operational characteristics of the cars have an important impact on the safety of the entire train.

According to the interstate standard GOST 33211-2014 “Freight wagons. Requirements for strength and dynamic properties ", as well as" Standards for the calculation and design of cars of railways of the Ministry of Railways with a gauge of 1520 mm (non-self-propelled) ", M .: GosNIIV-VNIIZhT, 1996 - 2l _в - carriage base, m, 2L _c - carriage length along the axes of adhesion, m.

Known centering jar containing sidewalls installed on the shock socket of the frame of the freight car by means of pendulum suspensions with a support surface for placing the shank of the automatic coupler, while between the supporting surface of the centering beam and the lower surface of the shank of the automatic coupler is a plate of antifriction material (RU # 158413, IPC B61G 7 / 12, publ. 12/27/2015).

Known centering beam, containing a body with a support platform, in the middle of which there is a grip and hook-shaped supports at the ends of the body for hanging the beam on the stop socket using pendulum suspensions, in which the support surface of the beam is made above the upper surface of the gripper, which ensures contact of the automatic coupler shank with a beam in the place where the beam is suspended on pendulum hangers. The support surface of the beam is convex. In the second version, the beam design provides for the use of replaceable wear-resistant inserts, on the outer surfaces of which projections or spikes are made, to fix it in the grooves or holes made, respectively, in the side walls of the hook-shaped supports and the supporting surface of the beam. The level of the supporting upper surface of the insert is higher than the gripping surface (RU No. 2404077, IPC B61G 7/12, publ. 20.11.2010).

The disadvantage of the solutions listed above is the impossibility of operating cars with a large base and console, as well as the use of an automatic coupler with limiters of vertical displacements.

Known centering device automatic coupler of a vehicle, containing an elastic beam, pendulum suspension, by means of which the beam is suspended on the frame of the vehicle. The beam has a body with a volumetric sidewall connected by an axis to the body supporting the plate and springs located between the said plate and the base of the body. The second sidewall and the base of the body are made in one piece. The springs are compressed by a support plate held in the assembled beam by means of the stops on the sidewalls. A package is fixed on the support plate, including wear-resistant, adjusting and anti-noise plates (RU No. 2097237, IPC B61G 7/12, publ. 27.11.1997).

The disadvantage of the known solution is that the design of the sidewall housing is prefabricated, which reduces its reliability due to the large number of parts, since the reliability of the assembly depends on the combination of the reliability of all the parts included in the assembly, and the loss of reliability of one of the components of the assembly product leads to to reduce the reliability of the entire assembly. Also, the prefabricated body has stops on the sidewalls, which, being an additional structural element, also reduce the reliability of the structure. It should be noted that the supporting plate is compressed by means of stops located on the sidewalls of the beam body, thereby it is impossible to ensure adjustment of the spring preload, and the stops of the sidewalls of the beam body are under a constant load caused by the characteristics of the springs, thereby additional loads act on the beam body, in total with a design, reducing the reliability of the structure as a whole.

The closest technical solution in terms of the totality of essential features to the claimed one is a spring-loaded support for automatic coupling of railway transport, containing a beam with guides suspended on the socket of the cantilever part of the backbone beam using a pendulum suspension, in which it is spring-loaded using fixed clamping elements (clamps) with lower and upper heads of compression springs, a base plate is installed, which serves to support the automatic coupler, characterized in that the base plate is equipped with an L-shaped hook located in the socket window of the cantilever part of the backbone girder with a capture of its lower end wall (RU No. 171018, IPC B61G 7/12, publ. 05/17/2017).

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the body of the beam is not solid and the geometry of the guides is not described in order to consider the structure strong and, accordingly, reliable in operation.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to create a more reliable centering device.

The technical result consists in increasing the reliability of the centering device of the automatic coupler of a railway vehicle for the possibility of operating freight cars with a base 2l _of ≥17 meters or length along the coupling axes of the automatic couplers 2L _c ≥21 meters in accordance with the current regulatory documentation.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the centering device of the automatic coupler of a railway vehicle, comprising a beam assembly, including a body, a supporting plate, springs, clamps located inside the body, and connecting the supporting plate to the body of the beam, as well as pendulum suspensions, by means of which the assembled beam is suspended from the frame of the rail vehicle. The body of the beam is made in one piece.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings. FIG. 1 shows an axonometric projection with all the elements included in the design of the centering device; fig. 2 is a front view of the beam body; fig. 3 is a top view of the beam body; fig. 4 is a front view of the beam body.

The centering device of the automatic coupler of the vehicle (Fig. 1), contains the assembled beam 1 and pendulum suspensions 2, by means of which the beam 1 is suspended on the frame of the railway vehicle (not shown conventionally). The assembled beam 1 is a one-piece body 3, a support plate 4, springs 5 and clamps 6 located inside the body 3 and connecting the support plate 4 to the body 3, providing a predetermined preload of the springs 5.

The body 3 of the beam 1 also has guides 7 (Fig. 2) for installing the supporting plate 4, hook-shaped supports 8 for installing pendulum suspensions 2 and glasses 9 for installing springs 5 in them.

The guides 7 have a height L ₁ (Fig. 2), which is in the range 0.6L ₂ ... 0.72L ₂ to ensure the positioning of the automatic coupler body (conventionally not shown) on the supporting plate 4 at a given spring tension 5. The profile of the guides 7 has geometric dimensions, one of which is the parameter: the external angle between the rear inclined lateral surface of the guide 7 in contact with the supporting plate 4 and the straight surface of the beam 1 γ (Fig. 3). The angle γ is in the range of 90 ° ... 115 °, while providing a limitation in the longitudinal displacements of the supporting plate 4.

The body 3 of the beam 1 has surfaces (Fig. 2):

1. a - the upper inclined surfaces of the beam 1, extending from the guide 7 to the sides to the outside of the beam 1;

2.b - the lower inclined surfaces of the beam 1, extending from the glasses 9 to the sides to the outside of the beam 1.

Surfaces a and b have parameters (Fig. 4):

1. α - the angle of inclination of the surface a from the plane passing through the upper surface of the beam 1;

2. β is the angle of inclination of the surface a from the plane passing through the lower surface of the beam 1.

The angle α is in the range of 30 ° ... 40 °, and the angle β is in the range of 40 ° ... 50 °, while providing the necessary strength of the structure of the body 3 under the action of vertical loads.

Application of the proposed technical solution allows you to create a reliable centering device for automatic couplers of a railway vehicle.

Claims (1)

A centering device for an automatic coupler of a railway vehicle, containing an assembled beam, including a body, a support plate, springs, clamps located inside the body and connecting the support plate to the body of a beam having guides, as well as pendulum suspensions by means of which the assembled beam is suspended on the frame of a railway vehicle, characterized in that the body of the beam is made one-piece, while at the guides the outer angle between the rear inclined lateral surface of the guide contacting with the support plate and the straight surface of the beam γ is in the range of 90 ° ... 115 °, as well as the upper inclined surfaces of the beam , passing from the guide to the sides to the outside of the beam a, and the lower inclined surfaces of the beam, passing from the glasses to the sides to the outside of the beam b, while the angle of inclination of the surface a from the plane passing through the upper surface of the beam α is in the range of 30 ° ... 40 °, and the angle of inclination is The distance b from the plane passing through the lower surface of the beam β is in the range 40 °… 50 °.

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