RU2033263C1 - Waste recovery method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: recovery of domestic and process wastes. SUBSTANCE: method involves collecting garbage; forming blocks of garbage by compression; providing hermetical packaging of blocks into chemically - resistant film so that gas and liquid may escape from package; disposing blocks into sea by putting them onto deep-water sites; holding blocks till stone is formed and withdrawing ready material from sea. This material may be used in construction as filler material. EFFECT: increased efficiency and high quality of product obtained upon recovery. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the disposal of household and industrial waste, which mainly contain solid fractions, and can be used for centralized waste disposal.

A known method of waste disposal, which consists in transporting waste to the place of disposal, waste disposal at the bottom of the reservoir [1]
The disadvantages of this method are the uncontrolled movement of mass from the surface of the earth to the bottom of the reservoir, which can cause environmental changes on earth with prolonged use of the known method; environmental disturbances at the bottom of the reservoir, both due to a change in topography and because of a possible violation of the protective layer during long-term storage.

There is a known method of waste disposal, which consists in collecting garbage, molding blocks from it by pressing, hermetically packing these blocks in a chemically resistant shell from a concrete solution, holding on the surface until a stone-like surface of concrete forms, dumping the blocks into the sea to a deepwater place, followed by extraction blocks after hardening of concrete shell [2]
The disadvantages of the described method are as follows.

 When the concrete coating is defective, a chemical reaction is possible, the swelling and rupture of the block is already in the finished structure, since when it is removed from the reservoir, the marriage can be invisible; inexpediency of curing concrete (scarce building material) at the bottom of a reservoir; additional energy costs for transportation of garbage with concrete and back to the construction site (or to the warehouse of building blocks where they were made) to the place of lowering and lifting the blocks into the reservoir.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the environment during waste management operations; elimination of the use of land (at sea or land) with their cyclical change; the possibility of use in construction with the ability to prevent environmental disruptions.

 The goal is achieved by the fact that the packaging of the blocks is carried out in a flexible shell with the possibility of escape of gas and liquid, and the exposure of the blocks to form stones is carried out after discharge into the sea.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device for compressed waste and packaging in a bale; in FIG. 2 barge with bales; in FIG. 3, section AA in FIG. 2; in FIG. 4 pneumohydraulic circuit; in FIG. 5 position of the barge at the bottom.

 Waste from the vehicle is dumped into the pressing device, which delivered it to the collection point after the selection of valuable fractions from them, if necessary.

The pressing device comprises a rotary rotor 1 with a rotary drive 2 with a stop at three positions (after 120 ^about ). The rotor 1 has cylinders 3, which are supported from below on a fixed table 4.

 The rotor 1 is movably connected to the cylinder 3 through the yoke 5, and on the axis of the cylinder 3 is held by a spring 6, which abuts against the yoke 5 and the shoulder 7 of the cylinder 3 from below.

 In FIG. 1, the loading position is not shown, since it is not difficult to execute and loading is carried out in the same cylinder 3. The crimping device has a piston 8 with holes 9 and a drive 10. On the piston 8, the end of line 11 with pump 12 is mounted and fixed on it. which is connected to a collector (not shown).

 At the unloading position, table 4 has a window that is closed by a shutter 13 with an actuator 14. A piston 15 with an actuator 16 is placed on top. Under the shutter 13 there is a packaging device, and it can be made different in design. In this case, the shell 17 is shown in the form of a pipe, which is welded from above and below, and the check valve 18 is welded from above.

 In FIG. 2 shows the placement of bales 20 in a barge 21, which has a hull 22, a vessel 23. These containers are connected by highways to a cylinder 24 with compressed air through a controllable valve 25. Tanks 23 are also connected via valves 26 and 27 to the upper and lower firebox of the tanks. The barge body 22 has a check valve 28 in its lower part.

 The barge 21 along its edges at four points is connected by a cable 29 to a rod 30, at the end of which there is a float 31. At the bottom of the barge 21 there are support shoes to preserve the hull casing 22 and damage the bales. On top of the barge 21 is closed by a net 32 from the loss of bales 20 when the hull 21 is tilted at the bottom of the reservoir.

 All the described devices operate in the technological sequence as follows.

 Waste is delivered by the conveyor to the pressing device 4 and is poured into the cylinder 3 at the loading position (not shown).

 The rotor 1 rotates and is aligned with the pressing position, the drive 10 is turned on and the piston 8 is fed to the waste mass. Specific pressure can be obtained 80-100 atm using standard hydraulic equipment. During crimping, the cylinder is pressed firmly against the table 4, the liquid and gases are squeezed out through the openings 9 of the piston 8, and the liquid is removed through the line 11 by the pump 12 into the collection tank for cleaning.

 Download and pressure testing is carried out until the entire cylinder 3 is filled in height in the pressed state. This can be done by turning the rotor 1 again on a portion of loading and crimping.

 After each crimping, the piston 8 rises up with the actuator 10, the cylinder itself is lifted by the spring 6 and its movement on the table 4 occurs without touching, or with little effort. Table 4 has an annular recess for pumping liquid, which can accumulate there.

 In the portion of unloading, the resulting block with the help of the piston 15 from the actuator 16 is pushed into the shell 17 when the shutter 13 is shifted by the actuator 14. The shell is welded from above and below, and above with a check valve 18.

 Sheath material is polyethylene. This material is resistant to almost all aquatic environments for a long time.

 Crimping is necessary for two reasons: to get a "smooth" block that would not damage the film material; to increase the specific gravity of the waste.

 Further, the obtained blocks with a plastic film (bales) are placed in a barge 21, as shown in FIG. 2, 3. Laying is done so that the check valves are at the top. Barge 21 is transported by towing to a deep sea, for example, in the sea in the north.

 In place, valves 26 and 27 open and containers 23 are filled with water, the barge 21 sinks to the bottom, and the float 31 on the thrust 30 floats up, and is in a flooded position so as not to interfere with navigation. In the float 31 should be a beacon. Suppose a depth of 2 km, then all the bales will be under a pressure of 200 bar.

 The mass of waste in bales 20 is compressed, gas and residual liquid are removed through a non-return valve 18. It will be released slightly per unit time, since there was a preliminary pressure test at ≈ 100 ati, so there will be no poisoning of the aqueous medium. It is possible to install two check valves on a bale (both above and below). Then the lower check valve will facilitate the removal of fluid.

 If this mass of waste is maintained for, say, a year, then the mass acquires the properties of stone both in strength and density. Further, a tugboat arrives at the installation site, finds a float 31, gives a command to turn on valves 25 and 27. The command can be sent remotely or by connecting the control device on the tugboat to the contact devices on the float 31.

 Compressed air begins to flow into the container 23, and the water is displaced. A float 31 and a barge 21 pop up. The balloon 24 and all the fittings are located on the barge 21 itself, but it is also possible that the exits of the highways are located on the float, and the balloon with fittings is located on the ship. After the ascent, the barge 21 is lifted by a crane and water from the hull 22 is removed through the check valve 28. Water can also be removed by direct pumping.

 Barge 21 is towed to a construction plant, where bales are used as a filler for the construction of structures, for example, for foundations, reinforcing the hull, dams of pump supports, etc.

 The economic effect is as follows.

 The mileage of vehicles can be drastically reduced, since the environmentally friendly process does not require removal outside the city limits. Savings will be added from idle run. There is no need to use ever new land for the organization of urban landfills. There is no need for significant amount of excavation work on the formation of recesses in the soil, backfilling of recesses filled with waste, planning work on the surface of the earth. There is the possibility of using the obtained stone-formed material in construction (bridge supports, dams, hulls, etc.).

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS, including garbage collection, molding blocks from it by pressing, hermetically packing blocks into a chemically resistant shell, holding them until stone is formed, dumping blocks into the sea to a deep sea and removing finished material from the sea, characterized in that, for the purpose of improving the environment by eliminating the cyclic change of land and ensuring the use of waste in construction as a filler, the packaging of blocks is carried out in a flexible shell with the possibility of gas and liquid escaping from it minute, and to extract blocks of stone formation lead after dumping at sea.

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