RU2014716C1 - Power supply source with pulse conversion of energy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering. SUBSTANCE: power supply source with pulse conversion of energy can be used for production of ozone. It has pulse transformer 7 which secondary winding is connected to terminals to link load through rectifier and one of leads of its primary winding is directly coupled to one of input leads to connect supply network. Second input lead is coupled with other lead of primary winding of transformer 7 through switch 1, fuse 2, resistor 4, diode 5, capacitor 6 connected in series. Diode 13 and iterated network composed of thyristor 14 and diode 15 is connected in parallel to circuit incorporating capacitor 6 and primary winding of transformer 7. Thyristor 14 is linked with anode and diode 13 with cathode to cathode of diode 5. Common point of connection of thyristor 14 with anode of diode 15 through resistor 16, fuse 2 and switch 1 is linked to second input lead. EFFECT: provision for smooth control of output voltage. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to electrical engineering / in particular to devices for producing ozone by synthesis from oxygen or air / for producing ions of negative polarity according to the method of A. Chizhevsky for enriching them with indoor air in agriculture / in animal husbandry and poultry farming / during storage of agricultural products / in medicine / scientific research and in everyday life.

 A device for producing aeroions / proposed by Chizhevsky A. L. [1, 2]. However, this device used a high-voltage transformer at a frequency of 50 Hz and a kenotron rectifier. This high voltage source is powerful / takes up a lot of space and has increased danger.

A device with pulsed energy conversion [3] / they proposed 4 schemes:
1 - through the resistor, a storage capacitor is connected in parallel with the network / which is bridged by a branch / consisting of a switching triac and a primary winding of a pulse transformer;
2 - through the resistor, the storage capacitor is connected in parallel to the network / the capacitor is bridged by two branches: the first one contains an uncontrolled diode and a control resistor; the second is a switching triac and a primary winding of a pulse transformer;
3 - a storage capacitor is connected through a resistor in parallel with the network; the capacitor is shunted by three branches: the first one contains an uncontrolled resistor / adjustable resistor and an uncontrolled diode; the second contains a controlled thyristor diode; the third one contains a switching triac and a primary winding of a pulse transformer. The thyristor control voltage is removed from the first branch — an adjustable resistor — an uncontrolled diode;
4 - through the resistor, a branch is connected in parallel to the network (containing a switching triac and a choke) / this branch is in turn shunted by a branch / consisting of a storage capacitor / shunted by an uncontrolled diode / which in turn are connected in series with the primary winding of a pulse transformer.

 The first scheme is the simplest / but there is a spread of energy / stored in the storage capacitor / and low conversion power.

 In the second scheme / due to its complication / energy spread is slightly reduced / power losses are slightly increased / its power is small.

 In the third circuit, the conversion power is increased / its increase is achieved due to the complexity of the circuit and the use of a switched triac / controlled thyristor diode and an uncontrolled diode / power loss is slightly increased.

 The fourth circuit is more complicated than the first / new elements are introduced into it - a choke and an uncontrolled diode. It has the same drawbacks / as the first circuit.

 A similar problem is solved by the circuit of the device according to AS USSR N 637031 [4, 5]. However, this device is relatively complicated / as it contains a pulse shaper on two transistors / two voltage dividers on resistors / which complicates the circuit / reduces reliability / increases the power consumed from the network / and therefore / reduces the efficiency.

 Closest to the claimed is a pulsed source / described in the book of Bulatov SG and others [6]. It is powered by AC power and contains the largest number of both essential features with the proposed device. Two thyristors are used in this source / a control unit with a duty cycle of 100 or more is required. A malfunction of the control unit causes the opening of both thyristors and a short circuit in the supply network / which complicates and increases the cost of the source and reduces its reliability.

 The aim of the invention is to simplify the design / improve overall dimensions and increase the reliability of a low-power source with pulsed energy conversion.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the storage capacitor is charged from the AC network in the first half of the period to the amplitude value of the voltage and is automatically discharged to a pulse transformer in the second half of the period / which ensures the constancy of energy / stored in the storage capacitor. The circuit is switched automatically using a controlled semiconductor device (thyristor) / connected in series with a semiconductor uncontrolled diode / voltage drop on which the thyristor is unlocked in the second half of the period.

 Figure 1 shows a circuit diagram. A diode 5 is used to rectify the alternating voltage. Resistor 4 limits the current in the charge circuit of the storage capacitor 6. In series with the capacitor 6, the primary winding of the pulse transformer 7 is turned on. Diode 13 provides the possibility of oscillatory discharge of the capacitor 6. Diode 15 is connected in series with the thyristor 14. To limit the current when the reverse voltage is applied to the diode 15 in the second half of the period, the resistor 16 is turned on. The voltage on the secondary winding of the pulse transformer is rectified using tripling circuitry and high voltage diodes 10/11/8 capacitor / resistor 12. 9 limits the short circuit current on the output device terminals. A neon lamp 18 and a current-limiting resistor 19 provide a visual visual indication of the inclusion of the device in an AC network. In order to reduce interference through an ac network, protective feed-through capacitors 3 and 17 were used. A fuse 2 protects the network from short circuits inside the device. The toggle switch 1 is used to turn on the device in the AC network.

 The device operates as follows.

 When the toggle switch 1 is turned on, voltage is applied and the neon lamp 18 lights up. In the first half of the period (voltage polarity in figure 1 is shown without ovals), the current flows through the fuse 2 / protective feed-through capacitor 3 / resistor 4 / uncontrolled diode 5 / capacitor 6 / primary the winding of the pulse transformer 7 and then through the passage-through protective capacitor 17. In this case, the storage capacitor 6 is charged to a voltage / close to 311 V / s polarity / shown in figure 1. At this time, the controlled thyristor valve 14 is locked and the capacitor 6 cannot be discharged. In the second half of the alternating current period (the polarity of the supply network is indicated in ovals) / due to a drop in the reverse voltage on the diode 15 in the circuit / formed by the protective passage capacitor 3 / fuse 2 and the toggle switch 1 / the controlled thyristor valve 14 is unlocked / while the storage capacitor 6 is discharged to the primary winding of the pulse transformer 7. The mains current (polarity / indicated in the ovals) cannot flow / as the valves 5/15/14 prevent this. Thus, the charge accumulates during the first half-cycle a condenser 6 / and in the second half of the period - discharge it to the primary winding of the pulse transformer / further process is repeated with a frequency of 50 Hz. Since the discharge process of the storage capacitor occurs at high values of the derivative of the current with respect to time / the voltage in the secondary winding of the transformer is much higher / than it would be if an alternating sinusoidal current of the supply network with a frequency of 50 Hz was connected to the primary winding. This allows to reduce the overall dimensions and weight of the transformer and the entire high voltage source. To use a reverse pulse and obtain a “ringing” circuit, a reverse diode 13 is used.

 To obtain ozone, voltage from the secondary winding is supplied directly to the ozone generator. To obtain oxygen ions of negative polarity, the voltage on the secondary winding of the transformer is rectified using a voltage tripling circuit [7]. The rectifier used high-voltage diodes 10/11 and high-voltage capacitors 8/12. The resistor 9 serves to limit the short-circuit current within 150 ... 200 μA. At the source output - high voltage output - negative polarity ("-"). The second pole ("+") is any grounded body / conductive electric current.

 Changing the AC voltage supplied to the device in the range from 100 to 260 V /, the output voltage can be continuously adjusted in the range from 15 to 35 kV (figure 2). Changing the capacity of the storage capacitor 6 /, you can change the external characteristic (figure 3). Curve 1 for a capacitor of 0/25 μF; 2-1 uF; 3-2 uF; 4-4 uF; 5-6 uF. The slope of the external characteristic depends on the value of the resistor 9.

The manufactured device sample has the following technical characteristics:
Food from a single-phase alternating current main with a frequency of 50 Hz.

 Supply voltage 220 V.

 Active power consumption 3/5 W.

 Open circuit voltage at the output 35 ... 40 kV.

 Short circuit current (steady state) 150 ... 200 μA.

 Overall dimensions 320 × 200 × 150 mm.

 Weight 4/5 kg.

 The sample used ordinary details of the electrical and radio engineering industry: the ignition coil from a car at 12 V / diodes D226 / thyristor KU 202N / capacitors MBHCH / selenium diodes VT 18-02. The use of other small-sized / but more scarce parts / for example, diodes KTs 106 B, etc. will further reduce the size and weight of the device.

Claims (1)

 A POWER SUPPLY WITH A PULSE ENERGY CONVERTER, containing input and output terminals for connecting an alternating current supply and load, respectively, a storage capacitor, two valves, the first of which is used a thyristor, and a pulse transformer with primary and secondary windings, with the thyristor anode and cathode the second valve are combined into a common point, one terminal of the primary winding of the pulse transformer is connected to the anode of the second valve and the first input terminal, and the secondary winding is pulse of the transformer through a rectifier connected to the output terminals, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, improve overall dimensions, increase reliability and efficiency, two diodes and two resistors are additionally introduced, the first of which is connected between the second input terminal and the anode of the first diode, the cathode which is connected to the common connection point of the indicated thyristor and valve and through the storage capacitor to the other terminal of the primary winding of the pulse transformer, and the second resistor is connected between the second input th terminal and the common junction point between the cathode of the thyristor to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of which is connected to the control electrode of the thyristor, the anode of the valve, which is used as a diode, and a first input terminal.

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