RU2011715C1 - Laundering and wringing out machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: popular goods manufacturing, laundry technology. SUBSTANCE: laundry machine has hatch, perforated rotating drum placed in tank, water and washing agents feeding channel, draining hose and water heating element mounted at bottom part of washing tank. For frontal type of washing loading water and suds feeder is making like feeding channels with circular tubes and straight-to-circular tube translations placed in gap between closed hatch and charging port. Circular channels have holes faced by openings to charging port of drum. For top type of washing loading circle-like feeding channels and straight-to-circular tube translations are placed in drum. EFFECT: better laundering machine construction. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to washing textiles and is used in drum washing machines for washing and spinning.

 Known washing machine containing a tank, a perforated drum for loading laundry, a collection of washing solution and a pump designed for recirculation of the solution through the distribution sleeve along the channel in the axis of the drum and through pipelines through perforation in the crests of the drum on the processed linen [1].

 The disadvantages of this machine are additional (at least three) pipelines with distributors, attachment points for distributors to the drum, which do not provide active circulation of the washing solution and water through the processed material.

 Also known is a drum washing machine selected as a prototype, comprising a tank, a perforated drum, a pump for supplying a washing solution and water, a fresh water supply line, and a washing solution and water outlet line. Under the tank, a water tank is provided, connected to the tank and containing a heating device. A fresh water supply line and a water drainage line connected to the pump are connected to the tank. The pump line is divided into a washing solution and water drain line and a wetting line directed to the drum, which ends in a chamber spraying water and adjacent to the perforated surface of the laundry drum [2].

 The disadvantages of this machine are the presence of an additional wetting line, a chamber spraying water onto the surface of the drum; the recirculation efficiency is low, because it is difficult for the washing solution and water to pass through the perforation of the drum on the laundry, which worsens the rinsing of the laundry.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the wettability of the processed products with a washing solution during washing and rinsing water, reducing the amount of water when rinsing, the duration of rinsing and the amount of detergents during washing, reducing the wear of the processed products.

 In the implementation of the invention, a technical result can be obtained, which consists in ensuring the active circulation of the washing solution and water through the porous structure of the processed material.

 To do this, in a washing and squeezing machine with a hatch, a loading hole containing a housing, a washing tub, a perforated drum mounted in the tank for rotation, a device for supplying water and a washing solution to the tank, a drain device, a heater located at the bottom of the washing tub , with frontal loading of laundry, the device for supplying water and a washing solution is made in the form of a system of direct and circular supply channels, and the transition of direct channels to the ring and ring channels themselves are located in the gap between closed with a hatch and a loading hole of the drum, and on the annular channels made holes located on the side facing the loading hole of the drum. At the top load of linen, the transition of direct channels into the annular and annular channels themselves are located in the drum.

 The set of essential features of the inventive washing and squeezing machine provides an intensive and uniform flow of washing solution and water into the drum directly on the processed products, which improves the wetting of the processed products and enhances the active circulation of the washing solution and water through the porous structure of the processed products due to their hydraulic forcing through the laundry.

 In FIG. 1 and 2 are diagrams of a washer-squeezer with a combined device for supplying water and a washing solution for machines with front loading of laundry; in FIG. 3 - the same for machines with a top load of linen.

 The washing and squeezing machine comprises a washing tub 1, a perforated drum 2 mounted rotatably in the tub 1. The drum is assembled from a shell and two walls. The front wall has a round loading hole 3 with front loading of linen. On the inner surface of the drum 2 are ribs 4, providing mixing of the laundry 5 during washing. On the front panel of the machine with front loading of laundry in the middle part there is a round loading door 6 (the door is fixed with a latch), the control panel panel and the detergent dispenser 7 are located on top. The machine provides a system for supplying water and a washing solution, a heating device in the lower part of the washing tub and a control device with measuring and executive bodies for various washing programs. The machine includes a device for supplying water and a washing solution to the tank, consisting of a system of straight lines 8, 9 and annular 10, 11 supply channels located between the tank 1 and the drum 2 from the side of the loading hole 3 during front loading of the laundry. Liquid is drained from the tank through a drain pump.

 The washing machine operates as follows.

 The laundry 5 is loaded into the drum 2. The water supply from the water supply network 12 is turned on through the cold water valve 13 to the SMS dispenser 7 and directly through the pressure supply channel 9 to one of the annular channels 10.

 The amount of SMS required for washing (powder or liquid) is washed off with water and flows by gravity through the supply channel 8 into another ring channel 11 for the SMS solution. Mixed jets of water and washing solution through the holes 15 in the annular channels 10 and 11 and through the gap between the closed hatch and the loading hole enter the rotary drum 2 on the workpieces with front loading, and with the top loading of linen directly into the drum. Such a supply of detergent ensures uniform and abundant wetting of the processed products and the fullest use of detergents, as there is a direct supply of SMS to contaminated processed products and, accordingly, foaming is reduced, which increases the efficiency of washing, since the abundance of foam helps to reduce the mechanical effect on the laundry of structural elements drum and incomplete use of the effects of SMS due to depletion of the liquid phase by surface-active substances sstv.

 After reaching a predetermined level, the water supply from the main line is stopped, the washing solution is heated to the appropriate temperature with the help of a heating element and the textiles are washed by rotating the perforated drum 2. The laundry is caught by the ribs 4 along with part of the washing solution and slides down when a certain decrease is reached, i.e., a mechanical effect is carried out during the washing process, which is created as pumping a washing solution through a mass of laundry when it hits the surface astvora and from friction and repeated bending of fabric. After washing, the laundry is centrifuged and the washing solution is pumped out. This is followed by rinsing with the removal of residual soluble substances from the washing solution and individual particles of contaminants from the fabric.

 To reduce water consumption, the duration of the process and reduce the rate of loss of tissue strength in a machine with a water supply device, centrifugal rinsing is used. The centrifugal rinsing method consists in minimizing the concentration of detergents accumulated in the products during washing due to the continuous supply of water through the cold water valve 14, the direct supply pressure channel 9 and the annular channel 10 into the rotating drum directly to the processed products. The drum is rotated in one direction with at least a rotational speed that ensures that the laundry adheres to the walls of the drum. Detergents and individual particles of dirt from the laundry pass into the solution, which is quickly removed from the drum due to centrifugal forces. Fresh water continuously enters the place of removed moisture, after which the process repeats.

 The rotational speed of the drum during centrifugal rinsing is recommended no more than 400 rpm. This rotation speed ensures that the laundry adheres to the walls of the drum, in which, under the action of centrifugal forces exceeding the own mass of wet tissue, the processed products take the form of a ring and rotate with the drum. At the same time, there is an intensive transition of detergents from the mass of linen to the solution and the rapid removal of the saturated solution located in the main and weft weaves, as well as in the spaces between the fibers (capillary moisture). Fresh water is continuously introduced into the place of removed moisture through the ring channel system, absorbed by the fabric, and the process is repeated. In the process of centrifugal rinsing, the mechanical effect on the fabric is carried out by hydraulic forcing the washing solution and water through the laundry, which eliminates the direct mechanical effect on the linen and ensures the active circulation of the washing solution and water through the porous structure of the processed material.

 Thus, there is a reduction in the amount of water and the duration of the washing cycle due to the intensification of the rinsing process, as well as a decrease in the wear of the fabric while maintaining its consumer properties, since the greatest influence on the loss of strength of the tissues is exerted by rinsing (39-48% of the maximum value). This is due to an increase in the coefficient of friction of the fabric on the fabric and the working organs of the washing machine due to the lack of detergents in the rinse and a significant increase in the dynamic viscosity of the solution (more than 3 times) due to a decrease in the temperature of the solution during rinsing.

 During centrifugal rinsing, the wear of the fabric is reduced, since there is no friction of the fabric on the fabric and on the working bodies of the washing machine, mainly non-orientable tensile deformations.

 The change in the strength of textile products during the centrifugal spin cycle depends not only on the frequency of rotation of the drum and its dimensions, but also on the moisture content and mass of the processed products.

 After a certain period of time, when the residual soluble substances of the washing solution are completely removed from the tissue (the alkalinity of the water should not exceed 0.3 mg. Equiv / l), the water supply is stopped and the final extraction is performed when the drum rotation speed is increased to 500 rpm and more, and since the extraction begins with incompletely drained water, a uniform distribution of the mass of fabric along the shell of the drum is ensured, which helps to obtain higher spin extraction efficiency.

 Experimental studies of the proposed washing and squeezing machine showed that, compared with the commercially available machine VMA-4FB Vyatka-Avtomat, this machine provides an improvement in the loss of strength of processed fabrics by 27-36%, a decrease in water consumption by 22-43%, and a reduction in duration washing cycle by 14-15%.

Claims (2)

 1. A WASHER-WATER MACHINE, comprising a washing tub installed in a housing with a loading hatch, a rotary perforated drum with a loading hole located inside the tub, means for supplying water and a washing solution to the tub, a drain device and a heater located in the lower part of the washing tub, characterized in that with front loading of laundry, the means for supplying water and a washing solution are made in the form of a system of direct and circular supply channels, moreover, the transition of direct channels to the ring and the rings The first channels are located in the gap between the closed hatch and the drum loading hole, and the holes are located on the annular channels located on the side facing the drum loading hole.  2. The machine according to p. 1, characterized in that at the top load of linen, the transition of direct channels into the annular and the annular channels themselves are located inside the drum.

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