RU2006595C1 - Condenser plant for steam power station - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat and power engineering; steam power stations. SUBSTANCE: plant condensers are connected in parallel with water supply source through circulating pumps and pressure pipings. Each condenser is connected through its discharge piping to common drain conduit. Plant has hydraulic turbine connected to main water conduit near water supply source. Surge tanks are inserted in discharge pipings. Difference in water levels between surge tanks and water supply source is used to advantage in hydraulic turbine whose generator is electrically connected to station power system. Electrical energy generated by hydraulic-turbine generator is used for driving circulating pumps. EFFECT: improved design. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a power system and can be used in thermal power plants (TPPs).

 The own needs of thermal power plants are spent on the drive of auxiliary equipment, such as smoke exhausters, fans, feed pumps, condensate pumps, circulation pumps, in general 3-5% or more of the generated TPP electricity is spent on own needs in the station. Reducing energy consumption for own needs is the most necessary and urgent task facing the national economy.

 A known installation that uses a natural height difference, containing a condenser located underground and located at a height in the mountains, has a condenser and, at the ground level, a turbine with an electric generator to generate electricity (see, for example, US patent N 3953971, class 60-641 , 1975). This installation uses condensate from a low-grade heat source, and the necessary environmental conditions, such as a geothermal source and highlands, are used to generate electricity. Such installations do not have a large industrial distribution for these reasons.

 The closest in technical essence to the claimed installation are condensing units of thermal power plants connected to a water supply source through circulation pumps, pressure pipelines and condensers, each of which is connected with a common drain open gravity channel to the same water supply source (see, for example , book Trukhniy A.V., Losev S.M. Stationary steam turbines./ Ed. by B. M. Troyanovsky. M., Energoizdat, 1981, p. 10, 161, 179).

 In this installation - the largest electricity consumption for own needs, since all condensation plants of TPPs do not use an artificially created height difference between the mark of the upper condenser pipe and the lower mark of the water supply source.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce energy consumption for the auxiliary needs of thermal power plants, in particular for the drive of circulation pumps.

 In a condensation installation of a thermal power plant containing a condenser, pressure pipelines connected to a water supply source through circulation pumps and communicated by waste pipelines with a drainage water conduit, the goal is achieved by the fact that the installation is equipped with a hydraulic turbine included in the drainage conduit and equalization tanks installed in the discharge pipelines.

 The presence of the above characteristics in comparison with the prototype allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty." The relationship between the distinguishing features and the purpose of the invention is that the inclusion of a hydrogenerator driven by a hydraulic turbine integrated in a common drainage conduit allows the use of an artificially created differential flow of water (waterfall) between the installation of equalization tanks, the highest level of which is maintained by an automatic machine acting on the gate in addition to a hydraulic turbine, and a water supply source for generating electricity, and the use of surge tanks at TPP buildings for storm water runoff, treatment armaments and other still unused water streams, allows to generate significantly more electricity than is spent on the circulation pump drive, therefore, the electric power of the hydrogenerator is greater than the sum of the power of the pump drives supplying cooling water to the condensation units of the TPP, thus increasing the installed capacity of the TPP .

 In the schemes of condensing units of thermal power plants, it is known to use only hydraulic turbines coaxially with an electric motor and a pump on the same foundation plate as a single unit. The included hydraulic turbine partially compensates for the load of the drive electric motor, the number of such paired units corresponds to the number of condensing units at thermal power plants (see, for example, German patent N 1519635, 1936).

 However, in the claimed solution, all condensing units of TPPs from the drain side are combined into a common drain conduit, which includes only one hydraulic turbine with an electric generator as one unit, and equalization tanks at the condenser outlet pipes having mechanical gates - one in front of the hydraulic turbine and the other in addition to it with a bypass conduit .

 The general drainage conduit also includes equalizing tanks at the same level for collecting and using water from treatment facilities, wastewater from the roofs of buildings and structures not used to date, which allows generating additional electricity with a hydrogenerator having a greater capacity than the capacity of all electric motors of circulation pumps of thermal power plants.

 Thus, only the existing combination of restrictive and distinctive features allows you to get an ultimately total positive effect - ensuring the stable operation of the turbine and the use of additional water sources, which allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

 In FIG. 1 is a diagram of condensation plants of a typical TPP with a hydrogenerator included in a common drainage conduit; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a connection of one of the condensers from the drain side and other elements of a turbogenerator to a common drain conduit of a TPP.

 Each condenser 1 of a thermal power plant (there are up to 10 or more at TPPs) connected on the pressure side to a water supply 2, for example, a river, a pond, through circulation pumps 3 and pressure pipes 4. The condensation unit also includes air coolers 5 oil coolers 6 steam turbine generators. On the drain side, each condenser 1 with outlet pipe 7 is connected to a common station drain pipe 8. This connection is made through the discharge pipe 9. Equalization tanks 10 are included at the same level in the pipeline 9 of each condenser 1, at the same level in the territory of TPPs near buildings and structures installed equalization tanks. According to their accessories, drainage pipelines of oil coolers 6 air coolers 5, as well as drain pipelines from the roofs of buildings (structures), treatment facilities, are connected to all equalization tanks. The general station drain water conduit 8 is equipped with a hydraulic turbine 11 with a hydrogenerator 12 located at the lower mark (level) (NU) of the water supply source. In the drainage conduit 8 in front of the hydraulic turbine, there are provided: a shut-off mechanical gate 13 and a gate 14 included in the pipeline bypass hydraulic turbine 11.

 Some leveling tanks 10 have level 15 sensors. The hydrogenerator 12 is electrically connected to the system 16 of the auxiliary needs of the TPP. Bends 17 from the pipeline 4 are used to connect the air coolers 5 and oil coolers 6 to the circulation pumps 3. The condenser 1 is equipped with an inlet pipe 18 connected to the pressure pipe 4. Leveling tanks 10 support level 19 (VU).

 Installation works as follows. Circulation pumps 3 supply cooling water from a water supply source 2 (river, pond) to all the condensers 1 of the TPP, from where it is heated by the spent steam it flows through pipe 7 to equalization tanks 10, and to other tanks located on the territory, water comes from treatment plants with roofs and from other sources, and all these waters through pipelines 9 enter continuously into a common drainage conduit 8. With a constantly open shutter 13, all of the listed water flows into a hydraulic turbine 11, in which a drop outside the water flow between the upper them level (WU) 19 and the lower level (OU). Hydroturbine 11, which is a single unit together with hydrogenerator 12, drives the rotor of this generator, which generates more electricity than its circulation pumps 3 consume.

 Thus, the circulating water supply system becomes non-consuming electricity, therefore, this amount reduces the energy consumption for own needs, this electricity is supplied to consumers. TPP becomes qualitatively different - TPP-HPP. So, for example, Konakovskaya state district power station, having an installed capacity of 2400 MW (8 power units of 300 MW each). The capacity of all circulation pumps providing cooling water to all 8 condensing units is approximately 25 MW. At this TPP, it is necessary to install a hydraulic turbine with an electric generator, the power of which should be 30 MW in a common drainage conduit. Thus, the installed capacity of thermal power plants becomes equal to 2430 MW.

 (56) Trukhniy A.V. et al. Stationary steam turbines. M., Energy Publishing House, 1981, p. 10, 161, 179.

Claims (1)

 CONDENSATION INSTALLATION OF A HEAT ELECTRIC STATION, containing in parallel connected to the water supply source through pressure pipelines through circulation pumps condensers communicated by waste pipelines with a drainage conduit operating on the principle of gravity, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency by reducing energy consumption for own needs and replenishment supply of cooling water, it is additionally equipped with a hydraulic turbine with a generator and equalization tanks, with the last p zmescheny at the high points of discharge pipes and formed with additional supply of water from sewage treatment plants and sewage from the roofs of buildings, and the turbine is connected to the drain water conduit and arranged in its lower part.

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