RU2004761C1 - Drilling tool for borehole rotary drilling - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to drilling equipment, namely a drilling tool, and is intended for rotary drilling of wells in category I-IV soils in permafrost and 5 freezing soils. The invention can be used in industrial and civil engineering.

Known auger drill and drill, manufactured by the Alapaevsky factory Stroydor-10 mash, containing a two-way bladed body with a bore and cutting elements (cutters) installed in the lower part of the blades, located according to a checkerboard pattern in the same rotation plane (automatic, St.; instruction for the operation of the machine AN-BKGM-63, 1957).

The disadvantage of these drills is that they have a high power consumption and a specific consumption of hard alloy, which 20 generally reduces the efficiency of drilling operations.

Also known are a spiral drill, auger drill with a removable supporting structure for cutting teeth, auger drill 25 for drilling wells in rocks, containing a double-bladed blade body with a bore and with cutting elements (cutters) installed in the lower part of the blades located along a checkerboard 30 step scheme

The disadvantage of these drills is that they have:

- extremely unfavorable conditions for the work of the zaburn; 35

-significant efforts on the first (inner) incisor, which leads to premature failure of it;

- inefficient use of drive power; 40

-increased consumption of cutters and solid alloy.

Closest to the proposed technical essence is the drilling tool developed by the 45 Krasnoyarsk branch of VNIIstroydormash. based on a double-entry blade housing with shutters, a borehole and with tool holders installed in the lower part of the blades, in which the cutters are fixed, moreover: 50

- cutters depending on the radius of rotation are installed at different angles in

rotation planes and are arranged in a checkerboard pattern with a certain spacing and taper angle; 55

-the cutting edges of all incisors, with the exception of peripheral ones, are horizontal and directed mainly along radial lines to exclude oblique cutting and ensure

fit of cutters in the developed track;

-the cutting edges of the peripheral incisors are installed at the same level from the horizontal plane, and the axes of these incisors are angled from the center of the drill;

- the central incisor is installed behind the transporting blade of the bail and overlaps it vertically.

However, this drill tool has a number of disadvantages:

 extremely unfavorable working conditions for the barn;

- All incisors work under different conditions. Large impact loads occur on the peripheral incisors, and the greatest efforts are exerted on the internal incisors, which leads to intensive wear of the internal and peripheral incisors. At the same time, there is a cutter that operates under optimal conditions (in terms of cutting speed and force) and wears out less than all the others;

- inefficient use of drive power.

The aim of the invention is to improve the penetration of auger into the ground and increase the operational properties of a drilling tool.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a rotary drilling tool containing a two-way bladed body with dampers, a bored hole and tool holders installed in the lower part of the blades, in which the cutters are mounted in a checkerboard-step pattern with a double taper angle and at different angles in the plane of rotation, according to the invention, the upper edge of the cutting line of the bail is located above the cutting lines of the cutters, the cutting edge of the cutter having the optimal operating mode characteristic of a given solid alloy, located below the rest, thereby providing a more uniform loading of all cutters, and the cutting edges of all cutters are located along radial lines and are displaced around the circumference in the direction of rotation relative to the radial line of the peripheral cutter.

These distinctive features make it possible to increase productivity, improve working conditions of the borehole, and reduce the energy consumption of drilling and wear of cutters.

For the proprietor, the use of distinguishing features from the prototype of the proposed drilling tool is not known.

Based on this, it can be concluded that the decision meets the criterion of significant differences. Distinctive features that differ from the prototype allow to improve the penetration of the drill into the soil and improve the operational properties of the drilling tool, due to improved working conditions of the borehole and a more uniform load distribution on the cutters.

Figure 1 shows a rotary drilling tool; Figure 2 is an expanded arrangement of incisors; Fig. 3 is a diagram of soil cutting.

The boring tool consists of a two-way blade housing 1, in the lower part of the blades of which toolholders 2 are installed, and in its nests the cutters 3,4, 5, 6 are fixed in such a way that the cutting edges of the cutters 3.4,5 are located along radial lines 9 and displaced in a circular direction in the direction of rotation relative to the radial line 10 of the peripheral cutters 6, the upper edge of the cutting line 11 of the removable bore 7 is located above the cutting line of the cutters 3, 4. 5, 6 located in a checkerboard pattern and at different angles in the plane of rotation, re the cutting edge of cutter 4 is located below the cutting edge of cutters 3, 5, 6. To prevent soil spillage, shutters 8 are provided on the drill.

Drilling tool works as follows.

When the tool is exposed to torque and axial load

the bore 7 penetrates into the ground and keeps the tool from radial displacement. Then cutter 4 cuts into the ground, which is at the lower level and prepares

lighter working conditions for the remaining cutters. Cutters 3, 5,6 operate under conditions of semi-free cutting and cleave soil 12 when cutting. After that, clk cutters will destroy the soil in their area of impact 7

the upper part of the cutting line 11 cleaves the formed ridge 13. The destroyed soil, supported by the newly destroyed, rises on the blades of the housing 1 and is transported by them into the space above the shutters. After the well has been drilled to a certain depth, the drill is excavated from the well together with the destroyed soil, which is prevented from damming the shutters 8.

Using the proposed tool provides the following advantages: -improving the conditions of the work of the zaburnik;

-decrease in consumption of cutters and carbide;

- rational use of drive power; - productivity increase;

-increase in volume of penetration;

- increase in service life.

(56) Construction and Road Machines, 1990, No. 8.

Claims (1)

The claims A BORING TOOL FOR ROTARY DRILLING OF WELLS, comprising a body in the form of spiral blades and hinged shutters in the upper part, a bore coaxially mounted in the lower part of the blades and fixed to the blades along radial lines stepwise with the possibility of overlapping each other at different angles to the vertical plane, central incisors and peripheral incisors mounted on the generatrices of the cone, the apex of which is located on the axis of the body in the lower part of the borehole, characterized in that, in order to improve introducing the drill into the ground and improve performance the central incisors are located on the generators of the cone, the apex of which is located on the axis of the body in the upper part of the barn, and the generators of the cones peripheral and central incisors intersect at the installation site of the peripheral incisor closest to the center, located below the others, the cutting edges of the central and peripheral incisors are circumferentially displaced in the direction of rotation relative to the radial line of the peripheral incisor, and the upper edge of the cutting edge of the bump is located above the cutting edges of the central and peripheral incisors. a s f V / 19AW02 I