RU196985U1 - DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION AT TRACTION SUBSTATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, in particular to voltage regulation, and can be used in devices for automatically controlling voltage in a contact network in an electrified railway. A device for automatically controlling the voltage at the traction substation contains a converter transformer, a rectifier unit, a load of at least two thyristor switches, the first of which is connected to the terminal of the primary winding of the converter transformer, and the second to its branch, while the second thyristor control electrodes the thyristor key is connected to the output of the element And, and the control electrodes of the thyristors of the first thyristor key are connected to the output of the element And through the first and second element NOT, and the second input of the And element is connected to the output of the zero voltage signal generating unit, and the first input of the And element is connected to the output of the thyristor switch control signal generating unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the thyristor control signal level calculating unit, the first input of which is connected to the first output of the substation voltage level signal generation block, and the second input - with the output of the block of the signal generation prohibition block for raising the substation voltage level, the input of which is connected to the output an ode to the signal conditioning unit of the substation voltage level generated above the predetermined voltage level by two steps, the first input of which is connected to the first output of the substation voltage level adjuster unit, and the second input to the second output of the substation voltage level signal generating unit, the first input of which is connected to the second output of the unit voltage level substation substation, and the second input to the output of the unit for measuring the voltage level of the substation. The technical result is a reduction in the cost of the device, overall dimensions and energy losses. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, in particular to voltage regulation, and can be used in devices for automatically controlling voltage in a contact network in an electrified railway.

A device for controlling AC voltage (copyright certificate SU 838668 A1, publ. 06/15/1981) containing a transformer with a sectioned winding, two controlled reactors, the first of which is connected in series with the terminal end of the transformer sectional winding, and the second in series with the intermediate terminal, while other reactor leads form a common point. A shear angle coefficient sensor and a storage element are included in the control circuit of the first reactor, and a voltage sensor and a second comparison element are included in the control circuit of the second reactor. By changing the resistance of the second reactor, the voltage at the output of the transformer unit is regulated, and by changing the resistance of the first reactor, the greatest value of the shear angle coefficient is achieved in the entire range of the output voltage.

The disadvantages of this known device are:

- high material consumption and high cost of the reactors that make up the design of the device, due to the use of copper and steel in them;

- large weight and size parameters of the reactors;

- high losses of electricity in reactors;

- the possibility of overloading and failure of substation equipment as a result of increased load when passing heavy and high-speed trains.

A device for automatic voltage regulation in the contact network (copyright certificate SU No. 1744776 A1, IPC Н02М 5/257, publ. 06/30/1992). The device consists of a transformer with a partitioned winding, two controlled reactors, the first of which is connected to the extreme terminal of the transformer winding, the second to the branch of the transformer winding, while the other terminals of both reactors form a common point. The reactor control circuit includes a phase angle sensor and a comparison element, the second input of which is connected to a master device. The control circuit of the reactor includes a comparison element, the inputs of which are connected to a voltage sensor and a master device, while the output of the comparison element is connected to the first input of the voltage limiting unit, the second input of which is connected to an overcurrent sensor.

The disadvantages of this known device for automatic voltage control in the contact network are: high material consumption and high cost of the reactors that make up the design of the device due to the use of copper and steel in them, as well as large weight and size parameters and energy losses in the reactors.

A device is known for automatic voltage regulation at a traction substation and in a contact network (patent RU No. 75620 U1, IPC В60М 3/02, НОМ 5/257, published on 08/20/2008 Bull. No. 23), selected as a prototype. The device contains at least two blocks for extracting the voltage limit value in the contact network, the first of the inputs of each of which is connected to the output of the corresponding voltage measurement unit in the contact network, while the output of at least one of the voltage limit value allocation blocks in the contact network is connected to at least one input of the OR element, the voltage level calculation unit at the substation, connected by the output to the input of the transformer command generation unit, the second input of each block you dividing the voltage limit value is connected to the output of the setpoint for the minimum voltage value in the contact network, the current overload signal generating unit, the first input of which is connected to the substation current overload unit, its second input is connected to the output of the maximum current setting unit, the substation voltage stabilization level generating unit connected by the first input to the output of the regulator of the voltage stabilization level of the substation, and the second input to the first output of the transformer voltage measuring unit substations, and the third input - with the output of the signal conditioning unit for increasing the voltage stabilization level, one input of which is connected to the output of the OR element, and the other input of which is connected with the output of the signal conditioning unit for inhibiting increasing the voltage stabilization level, whose input is connected to the first output of the signal conditioning unit overcurrent, the second output of which is connected to the input of the signal conditioning unit for lowering the voltage stabilization level of the substation, the output of which is connected to the first input of the calculating unit dividing the voltage level of the substation, the second input of which is connected to the output of the substation voltage stabilization level signal generating unit, the third output of the overcurrent signal generating unit is connected to one of the inputs of the And element, the other input of which is connected to the output of the control unit of the minimum stabilization voltage level, the input of which connected to the second output of the voltage transformer unit of the substation; the output of the And element is connected to the input of the signal conditioning unit for canceling voltage stabilization and turning on the switching unit for converting the transformer to a natural characteristic, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the unit for generating transformer commands, and the second output of the signal conditioning unit for canceling the voltage transformer and switching on the switching unit transfer of the transformer to the natural characteristic is connected to the input of the time delay unit of the switching unit, in the output of which is connected to the switching unit.

The disadvantages of this known device for automatically controlling the voltage at the traction substation and in the contact network are the high material consumption and high cost of the blocks constituting the device structure due to the use of copper and steel in them, as well as large weight and size parameters and power losses in the blocks.

The technical task of the claimed utility model is to create a device for automatically controlling the voltage at a DC traction substation, the design of which will reduce the consumption of electrical steel and copper, as well as reduce energy losses.

The technical result is a reduction in the cost of the device, overall dimensions and energy losses.

To solve the problem and achieve a technical result in a device for automatically controlling the voltage at a traction substation containing a converter transformer, a rectifying unit, a load, a substation voltage level measuring unit, a voltage zero signal generating unit, a substation voltage level signal generating unit, a level switch unit voltage of the substation, the block generating the signal prohibiting increasing the voltage level of the substation, the block forming the signal p according to the utility model, it contains at least two thyristor switches, the first of which is connected to the extreme terminal of the primary winding of the converter transformer, and the second to its tap, while the thyristor control electrodes of the second thyristor key are connected to the output of the And element, and the thyristor control electrodes of the first thyristor key are connected to the output of the And element through the first and second elements NOT, pr what is the second input of the AND element connected to the output of the zero voltage signal generating unit, and the first input of the And element to the output of the thyristor switch control signal generating unit, whose input is connected to the output of the thyristor key control signal level calculating unit, the first input of which is connected to the first output unit for generating a signal of a voltage level of a substation, and the second input with the output of a block for generating a signal for prohibiting increasing the voltage level of a substation, the input of which is connected to the output of the unit a signal for exceeding the generated signal of the voltage level of the substation over the specified voltage level by two steps, the first input of which is connected to the first output of the voltage level adjuster unit of the substation, and the second input to the second output of the voltage level signal generation block of the substation, the first input of which is connected to the second the output of the unit voltage level substation substation, and the second input to the output of the unit for measuring the voltage level of the substation.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by figures.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a device for automatically controlling voltage at a DC traction substation; in FIG. 2 - voltage versus current at different levels of voltage stabilization and at different levels of the thyristor switch control signal of the device.

A device for automatically controlling the voltage at the traction substation (Fig. 1) contains a transformer transformer 1, a rectifier unit 2 and a load 3. Thyristor switches 7 and 8 are connected to the partitioned primary winding of the transformer transformer 1. Each thyristor switch is made of two on-parallel connected thyristors . The beginning of the thyristor switch 7 is connected to the end of the primary winding of the converter transformer, and the beginning of the thyristor switch 8 is connected to the intermediate terminal of the primary winding, and the ends of the first and second thyristor keys form a common point connected to similar common points of other phases. The control electrodes of the thyristors 11 and 12 of the thyristor key 8 are connected to the output of the element And 15, and the control electrodes of the thyristors 9 and 10 of the thyristor key 7 are connected to the output of the element And 15 through the elements 13 and 14 NOT. The second input of the And 15 element is connected to the output of the zero voltage signal generating unit 16, and the first input of And 15 is connected to the output of the thyristor switch control signal generating unit 17. The input of the thyristor key control signal generating unit 17 is connected to the output of the thyristor control signal level calculating unit keys 18.

The first input of the thyristor switch control signal level calculation unit 18 is connected to the first output of the voltage level signal generating unit of the substation 19.

The second input of the block for calculating the level of the thyristor switch control signal 18 is connected to the output of the block for generating the signal for inhibiting the increase in the voltage level of the substation 21.

The signal generating block of the prohibition of increasing the voltage level of the substation 21 is connected to the output of the signal generating block of the excess of the generated signal of the voltage level of the substation over a given voltage level by 2 steps 22.

The first input of the signal generating unit for the excess of the generated signal of the voltage level of the substation over the predetermined voltage level in 2 steps 22 is connected to the first output of the unit for the voltage level regulator of the substation 20, and the second output of the signal generating unit for the excess of the generated signal of the voltage level of the substation over the specified voltage level by 2 steps 22 connected to the second output of the signal conditioning unit voltage level of the substation 19.

The first input of the voltage level signal generating unit of the substation 19 is connected to the second output of the voltage level setter unit of the substation 20, and the second input of the voltage level signal generating unit of the substation 19 is connected to the output of the voltage level measuring unit of the substation 4.

The claimed design of a device for automatically controlling the voltage at a traction substation provides a reduction in the cost of the device and its weight and size parameters, as well as a reduction in energy losses due to the use of thyristor switches connected to the taps of the primary winding of the transformer as a regulatory body.

A device for automatically controlling the voltage at the traction substation operates as follows.

Using the voltage level adjuster unit of the substation 20 (FIG. 1), one of the intermediate values of the stabilized voltage is set (characteristics 5, 6, 7 of FIG. 2). The information about the preset stabilization level is set by the voltage level setter unit of the substation 20 to the signal generation unit of the excess of the generated voltage level signal of the substation over the preset voltage level by 2 steps 22 and to the voltage signal level signal generation unit of the substation 19.

The voltage level signal generating unit of the substation 19 compares the value of the rectified voltage of the substation, measured by the voltage level measuring unit of the substation 4, with a given stabilization level, and, depending on the comparison result, selects one of three device operation modes:

1) idle mode of the converter transformer;

2) load mode of the converter transformer;

3) regenerative braking mode of the train.

For example, in the initial position, the voltage level adjuster unit of the substation 20 sets the stabilization level corresponding to characteristic 6 (Fig. 2), and the thyristor switch control signal generation block 17 supplies a control signal corresponding to characteristic 1.

The idle mode of the converter transformer will occur when there is no train on the inter-substation zone, in this case, the specified stabilization level set using the voltage level regulator unit of the substation 20 is equal to the rectified value of the substation voltage measured by the substation voltage level measurement unit 4. As a result, the voltage level signal generating unit of the substation 19 stores the current level of the control signal, generates a signal to the thyristor switch control signal level calculating unit 18 and to the signal generating unit when the generated voltage level of the substation exceeds the specified voltage level by 2 steps 22 about the signal level, corresponding external characteristic 1 (Fig. 2). The table shows the correspondence of voltage levels and control signals to a certain external characteristic.

Due to the fact that the value of the voltage level generated by the signal generation unit of the voltage level of the substation 19 does not exceed the specified stabilization level by 2 steps, the signal generation unit exceeds the generated voltage level of the substation above the specified voltage level by 2 steps 22 and does not work the block for generating the signal for prohibiting the increase in the voltage level of the substation 21 also fails. Next, the block for calculating the level of the thyristor switch control signal 18 transmits information about the selected nominal level of the control signal to the thyristor switch control signal generation block 17, which ensures the transmission of the generated signal to the thyristor control electrodes.

The load mode of the converter transformer will occur at the moment the train appears on the inter-substation zone, and as the train approaches the traction substation, the load current I _d will change from zero value (Fig. 2) to the maximum I _dmax . In this case, the predetermined stabilization level set using the voltage level adjuster unit of the substation 20 becomes larger than the rectified voltage value of the substation measured by the voltage level measurement unit of the substation 4, as a result of which the voltage level signal generation unit of the substation 19 increases the effective level of the control signal to a level corresponding to characteristic 2. The further algorithm of the device is similar to the algorithm in the idle mode of the converter unit. If after increasing the level of the control signal to a value corresponding to characteristic 2, the specified stabilization level set using the voltage level adjuster unit of the substation 20 remains greater than the rectified value of the substation voltage measured by the substation 4 voltage level measuring unit, the substation 19 voltage level signal generation unit increases the effective level of the control signal to the level corresponding to characteristic 3 (Fig. 2).

If it is necessary to further increase the current level of the control signal to characteristic 4, the signal generating unit will exceed the generated signal of the voltage level of the substation over the specified voltage level by 2 steps 22, as a result of which the signal generation block for inhibiting the increase in the voltage level of the substation 21 will work, which will generate a signal about a ban on raising the voltage level of the substation and sending it to the thyristor switch control signal level calculation unit 18, which is not will be able to increase the current level of the control signal to characteristic 4, thereby protecting the substation equipment from overload.

In the regenerative braking mode of the train, the specified stabilization level set using the voltage level adjuster unit of the substation 20 becomes less than the rectified voltage value of the substation measured by the voltage level measurement unit of the substation 4, the voltage level signal generation unit of the substation 19 generates a signal for lowering the effective level of the control signal, which is summed in the block for calculating the level of the thyristor switch control signal 18, and, through the block of forming the control signal thyris with key switches 17, the level of the control signal decreases down to characteristic 0 (Fig. 2), which enables regenerative braking of the rolling stock.

At the end of regenerative braking, the value of the rectified voltage of the substation, measured by the voltage level measuring unit of substation 4, becomes less than or equal to the voltage corresponding to the thyristor switch control signal (see table), and the device returns to maintaining the specified stabilization level.

After calculating the level of the thyristor switch control signal, the thyristor switch control signal generating unit 17 transmits the generated control signal to the control electrodes of the thyristors 9 and 10 of the thyristor key 7 through the And 15 element at the moment of supply voltage zero and to the control electrodes of the thyristors 11 and 12 of the thyristor key 8 also through element And 15 at the moment of zero value of the supply voltage and through elements NOT 13 and 14. Transmission of each control signal to the thyristor control signal generation block The key switches 17 are carried out for four periods of the supply voltage, and therefore the control signal is presented in the form of a four-digit binary code (see table), where the logical unit corresponds to the open state of the thyristor switch 8 and the closed state of the thyristor switch 7 during one period of the supply voltage. In this case, the mains voltage is applied to only one section of the primary winding of the converter transformer, thereby ensuring the highest voltage value at load 3. Logical zero corresponds to the closed state of the thyristor switch 8 and the open state of the thyristor switch 7 for one period of the supply voltage. In this case, the mains voltage is applied to the total number of turns of the primary winding of the transformer, thereby providing the lowest voltage value at load 3.

According to the table:

- to obtain characteristics 0 (Fig. 2), the thyristor switch control signal generating unit 17 transmits a “0000” signal, which corresponds to the open state of the thyristor switch 7 and the closed state of the thyristor switch 8 for four periods of supply voltage;

- to obtain the characteristic 1 (Fig. 2), the thyristor switch control signal generating unit 17 transmits the signal “1000”, which corresponds to the open state of the thyristor switch 8 and the closed state of the thyristor switch 7 for one period of the supply voltage, and the three subsequent logical zeros - the closed state of the thyristor switch 8 and the open thyristor switch 7 for three periods of the supply voltage;

- to obtain characteristics 2 (Fig. 2), the thyristor switch control signal generating unit 17 transmits the signal “1100”, which corresponds to the open state of the thyristor switch 8 and the closed state of the thyristor switch 7 for two periods of the supply voltage, and the next two logical zeros - the closed state of the thyristor switch 8 and the open thyristor switch 7 for two periods of supply voltage;

- to obtain the characteristic 3 (Fig. 2), the thyristor switch control signal generating unit 17 transmits the signal “1110”, which corresponds to the open state of the thyristor switch 8 and the closed state of the thyristor switch 7 for three periods of the supply voltage, and the logical zero to the closed state thyristor key 8 and open thyristor key 7 for one period of the supply voltage;

- to obtain characteristics 4 (Fig. 2), the thyristor switch control signal generating unit 17 transmits the signal “1111”, which corresponds to the open state of the thyristor switch 8 and the closed state of the thyristor switch 7 for four periods of supply voltage.

The implementation of the claimed technical solution will allow relatively simple means to ensure the regulation of the rectified voltage at the DC traction substations, lowering the voltage in the regenerative braking mode and eliminating the possibility of overloading the substation equipment when heavy and high-speed trains are skipped.

The use of thyristor switches instead of controlled reactors will significantly reduce the use of electrical copper and steel in the switching device, thereby reducing the material consumption and cost of the device, reduce its weight and size parameters, and also reduce energy losses by more than 10 times.

In accordance with the claimed device developed technical documentation. In laboratory conditions, a prototype of a device for automatic voltage regulation at DC traction substations was manufactured and tested. The test results confirmed the operability of the device and the wide possibilities of its practical application in the future.

Claims (1)

A device for automatically controlling the voltage at a traction substation, comprising a converter transformer, a rectifying unit, a load, a substation voltage level measuring unit, a voltage zero signal generating unit, a substation voltage level signal generating unit, a substation voltage level setting unit, a level raising inhibit generating unit voltage of the substation, a signal conditioning unit for exceeding the generated signal of the voltage level of the substation over the backside voltage level in 2 steps, characterized in that it contains at least two thyristor switches, the first of which is connected to the terminal of the primary winding of the converter transformer, and the second to its branch, while the thyristor control electrodes of the second thyristor switch are connected to the output of the element And, and the control electrodes of the thyristors of the first thyristor switch are connected to the output of the element And through the first and second elements NOT, and the second input of the element And is connected to the output of the signal conditioning unit the left value of the voltage, and the first input of the And element is connected to the output of the thyristor switch control signal generation block, the input of which is connected to the output of the thyristor switch control signal level calculation block, the first input of which is connected to the first output of the substation voltage level signal generation block, and the second input with the output of the block generating the signal to prohibit raising the voltage level of the substation, the input of which is connected to the output of the block forming the signal for exceeding the generated signal of the voltage level substation above a given voltage level in two steps, the first input of which is connected to the first output of the substation voltage level unit block, and the second input is to the second output of the substation voltage level signal generation unit, the first input of which is connected to the second output of the substation voltage level setter block, and the second input - to the output of the unit for measuring the voltage level of the substation.

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