RU194041U1 - PORTABLE ELECTROLYZER FOR PRODUCING SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at creating a simple and easy-to-use design of the electrolyzer, providing a disinfecting solution of sodium hypochlorite in small volumes in the field, as well as disinfecting water from open natural sources. The specified technical result is achieved in that the electrolyzer consists of an autonomous power source and an electrochemical unit. An autonomous power supply is a power supply in the form of a hollow body with a sealed internal compartment for placement of standard batteries in it. The electrochemical block is a coaxially arranged electrodes made in the form of an internal tubular anode and an external cylindrical cathode. An indicator of the operation and discharge of the power source is built into the side wall of the power supply housing, and a button for turning on / off the batteries is located in the front of the case. 8 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of chemical technology, in particular to devices for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of electrolytes and can be used to obtain a disinfecting solution of sodium hypochlorite in emergency situations and lack of access to electrical networks and water mains, as well as for conditioning and saturation of drinking water with hydrogen .

The main field of application: in the processes of electrochemical flameless production of chemical products by electrolysis of electrolyte solutions of various concentrations, as well as other liquids with low electrical conductivity.

The technological processes of conditioning, cleaning and disinfecting, as well as the technology of converting water or dilute electrolyte solutions into environmentally friendly antimicrobial, washing, extracting and other functionally useful solutions that are synthesized directly at their place of use in special electrochemical devices, are based on the effects of metastability of water during electrochemical reagent-free management of its physicochemical properties.

For the electrochemical conversion of water and the dissolved substances contained in it, flow diaphragm modular electrochemical reactors are used - TEM elements that can be used both as independent electrochemical devices and in the form of high-capacity units called RPE reactors.

The main distinguishing features of TEM elements are the combination of the properties of an ideal longitudinal displacement reactor and an ideal transverse mixing reactor in one element, as well as the ability to effectively control the process of electrochemical treatment of water and aqueous solutions of salts by widely controlling the artificially induced ion-selective conductivity of the ceramic zirconium oxide diaphragm, which allows to achieve the highest degree of metastability of water or a solution of and minimum energy costs.

Another distinctive feature of TEM elements is their high technical and economic indicators when working both in fresh water and low saline solutions, and in concentrated saline solutions.

The following technical solutions are known:

In applied electrochemistry, electrolyzers of various designs are used, for treating water, aqueous solutions, obtaining various chemical products, in particular flow electrolyzers with flat electrodes [see, for example, US patent No. 5,427,658, С25В 9/00; C25B 15/08, 1995] or electrolyzers with coaxially arranged cylindrical electrodes and a diaphragm between them [see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 02274889 A, C25B 9/00, 1989].

Known electrochemical modular cell containing coaxially placed cylindrical external and internal electrodes made in the form of pipe sections, and a coaxially permeable diaphragm made of ceramic mounted between them [see international application WO 98/58880, C02F 1/461, 1998].

Known technical solutions make it possible to create electrolyzers capable of producing the required amount of a solution of hypochlorite ion and hypochlorous acid.

When using the well-known electrochemical modular cell, effective treatment of water or aqueous solutions with low energy consumption is achieved. Known devices are quite simple to operate, relatively easily combined into blocks, which are flow diaphragm electrochemical reactors of a given capacity (power).

However, the known devices have a significant drawback: they are designed to work in conditions of accessibility to electric networks and pressurized water supply, and therefore can not be used by ordinary users (for example, tourists, etc.) in the field in open water without the necessary pressure of water and a stationary power source .

In addition, despite the simplicity of operation, the organization of the operation of these devices still requires specialist intervention.

Achievable when using the proposed utility model, the technical result is the creation of a simple and easy-to-use design of the electrolyzer, which makes it possible to obtain a disinfecting solution of sodium hypochlorite in small volumes in the field from a low-mineralized solution of sodium chloride, as well as disinfecting water from open natural sources, due to the synthesis active chlorine-containing compounds from metal chlorides dissolved in natural water.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a portable electrolyzer for producing a solution of sodium hypochlorite consists of a sealed autonomous power source and an electrochemical unit, an autonomous power source is a power unit in the form of a hollow housing with a sealed compartment to accommodate standard batteries designed for providing electric current to the elements of the electrochemical block, the electrochemical block is a coaxially arranged elec odes in the form of an inner tubular anode and an external cylindrical cathode, both the anode and cathode electrodes are made of high-strength titanium, holes are made on the side wall of the cathode to ensure fluid circulation in the interelectrode space and to remove gases generated during electrolysis, protectively applied to the surface of the anode -catalytic coating of precious metal oxides, which protects it from dissolution and accelerates the synthesis of active compounds on the electrode surface, into the side wall of The housing of the power supply unit has a built-in indicator of the operation and discharge of the power source, and in the front of the case there is a button for turning on / off the batteries.

Standard batteries or standard rechargeable batteries are used as a standard battery.

The power supply housing is made of at least metal. In the manufacture of the housing, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, for example, VT 1-00, VT 1-0, W-6, can be used.

The metal casing may be anodized or powder coated.

The power supply housing is made of at least polymers or at least plastic. The most common brand for body parts: ABS plastic, polycarbonate, etc.

The indicator of operation and discharge of the power source can be made LED.

The essence of the proposed device consists in an electrochemical non-diaphragm cell for processing low-mineralized solutions of metal chlorides and carbonates, containing an internal tubular anode, an external cylindrical cathode with holes for the circulation of the electrolyte, powered by a portable power source, tightly attached to the electrochemical block, capable of operating in conditions independent of the presence of an electric network and a source of pressurized water supply.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device, FIG. 2 is a section aa.

The portable electrolyzer consists of an electrochemical unit 1 and an autonomous power source, tightly interconnected.

An autonomous power supply is a power supply 2, made in the form of a hollow body 3 with a sealed inner compartment 4, in which standard batteries 5 are placed (shown in dashed lines in Fig. 2). Standard batteries 5 are designed to provide electric current to the elements of the electrochemical block 1. Batteries or rechargeable batteries can be used as standard batteries.

The housing 3 of the power supply 2 can be made either metal or plastic or polymer. The metal case can be made with anodized or powder coating.

An indicator of the operation and discharge of the power source, which can be made LED, is built into the side wall of the power supply housing. The indicator is intended for visual control of the power supply (not shown in the drawing)

In the end part of the housing 3 is a button 6 on / off batteries.

The electrochemical block 1 is a coaxially arranged electrodes made in the form of an inner tubular anode 7 and an external cylindrical cathode 8. Both electrodes — anode 7 and cathode 8 — are made of high-strength titanium.

On the side wall of the cathode 8, holes 9 are made, designed to ensure the circulation of liquid in the interelectrode space and the removal of gases formed during electrolysis.

A protective-catalytic coating of precious metal oxides is applied to the surface of the anode 7, protecting it from dissolution and accelerating the synthesis of active compounds on the electrode surface.

The proposed device operates as follows.

Before use, the device is pre-prepared for use. To do this, standard batteries 5 (these may be batteries, or batteries or analogues of an autonomous power source) are placed in a sealed compartment 4 of the housing 3 of the power supply unit 2. Any capacity is filled with water to be treated. Button 6 on / off located at the end of the housing 3 of the power supply 2, include an electrolyzer. The electrochemical block 1 with electrodes 7 and 8 is immersed in water. Stir occasionally. Wait 2-3 minutes. Make sure that small bubbles come out of the cell. Then the electrolyzer is removed from the water and wiped dry. Water is poured. The device is ready to go.

To obtain hydrogen-enriched water, all operations are performed anew.

To obtain a solution of sodium hypochlorite, salted water is used.

The process of the device is based on electrochemical activation.

Electrochemical activation is a technology for producing substances in a metastable state mainly from water and compounds dissolved in it through electrochemical exposure followed by the use of the obtained metastable substances in various technological processes instead of chemically stable reagents.

As a physicochemical process, electrochemical activation is a combination of electrochemical and electrophysical effects on water with ions and molecules of dissolved substances contained in it under conditions of minimal heat release in the space charge region at the surface of the electrode (either the anode or cathode) of the electrochemical system under nonequilibrium charge transfer across the electrode-electrolyte boundary by electrons.

As a result of electrochemical activation, water goes into a metastable (activated) state, exhibiting increased reactivity in various physicochemical processes for several tens of hours.

Water activated at the cathode (catholyte) has an increased activity of electrons, has pronounced properties of a reducing agent. Accordingly, water activated at the anode (anolyte) is characterized by reduced electron activity and exhibits oxidizing properties.

Electrochemical activation allows you to directionally change the composition of dissolved gases, acid-base and redox properties of water within a greater than equivalent (in accordance with the laws of electrolysis) chemical regulation, synthesize chemicals from water and dissolved substances in it (oxidizing agents or reducing agents) in a metastable state.

The special resistance of structural materials, the optimal design and modular design, allow the use of structural elements not only for the electrochemical activation of water, but also for the production of hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite, alkalis.

When working with concentrated salt solutions, the advantage of structural elements over diaphragm or membrane electrolyzers is the ability to provide the end consumer with the necessary products (chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, sodium hypochlorite, hypochlorous acid) synthesized in the required amount at the place of use in compact economical plants with minimum requirements for the quality of the initial solutions and with minimal labor, time and chemical reactions entov.

The essence of electrochemical activation technology: the separation of water in electrochemical reactors into anode and cathode fractions (anolyte and catholyte) and the subsequent use of the obtained fractions in various technological processes.

The proposed device:

Changes the ORP of water.

Synthesizes 3 types of solutions that contribute to the restoration and preservation of our health:

Antioxidant water.

Acidic solution.

Alkaline solution.

The proposed device is interesting and unique in that it is easy to use at home, mobile, compact - it takes up little space, has a stylish appearance and works on batteries (batteries), so it can be easily taken on trips.

A feature of the elements of the device are due to the optimal design and the rational choice of structural materials, their high technical and economic indicators when working with fresh water and dilute aqueous solutions.

Thus, the proposed design of the utility model is fully consistent with the claimed technical result.

Claims (9)

1. A portable electrolyzer for producing a solution of sodium hypochlorite, consisting of a sealed autonomous power source and an electrochemical unit, the autonomous power source being a power unit in the form of a hollow housing with a sealed internal compartment to accommodate standard batteries designed for providing electric current to the elements of the electrochemical block, and the electrochemical block is a coaxially arranged electrodes made in the form of an internal tubular anode and an external cylindrical cathode, while both electrodes — the anode and cathode — are made of high-strength titanium, holes are made on the side wall of the cathode to provide liquid circulation in the interelectrode space and to remove gases generated during electrolysis, anode is deposited on the surface protective-catalytic coating of precious metal oxides, protecting it from dissolution and accelerating the synthesis of active compounds on the electrode surface, and in the sides w housing wall power supply integrated power supply and operation of the discharge lamp, and in the end part of the housing is a button on / off power supply components. 2. The portable electrolyzer according to claim 1, in which standard batteries are used as a standard battery. 3. The portable electrolyzer according to claim 1, in which standard rechargeable batteries are used as a standard battery. 4. The portable electrolyzer according to claim 1, in which the housing of the power supply is made of metal. 5. The portable electrolyzer according to claim 1, in which the housing of the power supply is made of polymers. 6. The portable cell according to claim 1, in which the housing of the power supply is made of plastic. 7. The portable cell according to claim 4, in which the housing of the power supply is made with an anodized coating. 8. The portable electrolyzer according to claim 4, wherein the power supply housing is powder coated. 9. The portable electrolyzer according to claim 1, in which the indicator of operation and discharge of the power source is made of LED.

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