RU193331U1 - WATER BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to boiler equipment, in particular to water tube boilers, and can be used in heat supply systems of buildings for various purposes.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the operational characteristics and expand the functionality, which is achieved due to the fact that the boiler is a water tube, containing a rectangular housing, divided into furnace and convection blocks by a front vertical partition with a gas duct window, as well as supply and return pipe connections, the furnace block is formed by the front, ceiling, lower and side pipe screens, the lower and ceiling screens are made, each of longitudinal rub and two transverse collectors, while the lower screen is connected to the return pipe and is a cooled grate, the side screens are made of vertical pipes, connected, in each screen on the corresponding side, with the upper and lower longitudinal collectors, the front screen is made of vertical pipes, connected to the bottom and top of the screen collectors, the convection unit contains a set of heat-exchange sections ending with a rear vertical partition in the form of a heat-exchange section with welded between pipes with metal strips and a window for the exit of flue gases, and at least one gas rotary partition in the form of a heat exchange section with metal strips welded between the pipes and the flue window, the heat exchange sections are located transversely on the path of the flue gases one after another and are heat exchangers from horizontal pipes connected by vertical collectors, one of which they are connected mechanically and hydraulically with the upper and lower longitudinal collectors of the boiler sectionally with the left side on the right side, characterized in that between the pipes of the front, ceiling and side pipe screens, of the rear vertical partition, between the vertical collectors of the heat-exchange sections of the convection unit, metal strips are made from the outside of the boiler, the sides of the boiler body have a gas tight connection and rigid connection through the upper and lower collectors, thereby forming a single tube frame, the boiler pipe system is made with the possibility of successive movement of the coolant flow o feeding through the pipe of the return pipe into the collector of the cooled grate, the passage of its cavities and the further flow direction in two parallel ways along the sides of the boiler through the heat exchange sections of the convection unit, starting from the rear, side, front and ceiling screens until the coolant exits the rear collector of the ceiling screen in branch pipe of the supply pipe, on the collectors of screens in the upper part of the boiler there are installed pipes of air vents, and on the lower collectors - pipes of air vents s drain and the pipes screens and heat exchange regulating sections installed jumper.

Description

The utility model relates to boiler equipment, in particular to water tube boilers, and can be used in heat supply systems of buildings for various purposes. [F24H 1/00, F28F 1/00, F22B 21/00].

The prior art WATER BOILER [RU2570914 (C1), publ. December 20, 2015], containing a firebox, the space of which is limited by the furnace grate, front and rear fronts, ceiling and side furnace screens, the latter of which are made in the form of tube panels hydraulically connected to the corresponding upper and lower longitudinal collectors of the boiler, with the possibility of successive ascending and downward movement of water along them, as well as a convective unit, including two convective gas ducts equipped with heat-exchange surfaces containing transversely streamlined tube bundles, hyd Influentially connected with the longitudinal collectors of the boiler, characterized in that it is equipped with a blast air heating system containing a blast fan mounted on the lining of the ceiling screen, the outlet duct of which is connected to the working inlet of the ejector, the outlet of which is in communication with a horizontal air and gas pipeline, whose blow lances are open into the sublattice the space of the furnace grate, while at the entrance to the convective gas duct there is a receiving opening of the intake chamber facing the gaps between the vertical pipes bnymi risers convective boiler unit, wherein the outlet pipeline suction chamber communicated with the shunt hole ejector.

The disadvantage of the analogue is limited functionality and insufficient performance due to the lack of a supporting tube frame, air removal system and drainage of the boiler tube, means for regulating the circulation of the coolant.

Also known in the prior art is a WATER BOILER [RU122157 (U1), publ. November 20, 2012], containing a furnace part made in the form of a furnace tent, and a convection unit, the outer surfaces of which are formed by rectangular screens from pipes, the gaps between which are blocked by metal partitions, characterized in that the furnace tent and the convective block of the boiler are enclosed in a metal the frame is made of a profile sheet, heat-insulating blocks are attached to their rectangular screens, and an air gap is made between the heat-insulating blocks and the profile sheet of the metal frame.

The disadvantage of the analogue is low functionality, operational characteristics due to the difficulty of removing air from the boiler circulation system, drainage, means of regulating the circulation of the coolant, as well as increased material consumption due to the lack of a supporting tube frame.

The closest in technical essence is the WATER BOILER [RU2463526 (C1), publ. 10.10.2012], containing a rectangular combustion chamber having combustion and convective heating zones, separated by a front vertical partition with a window on top for the passage of combustion products, front, side, ceiling and lower tubular screens, as well as direct and return pipelines of the heating system, the lower screen is connected to the return pipe, the combustion zone has a grate located below, and the convective heating zone has transverse front and rear sections, consisting of horizontal pipes, and at least at least one rear vertical partition located between the sections and capable of turning the flow of combustion products, characterized in that a grate made of longitudinal pipes is used as the lower screen, the length of the ceiling screen, also made of longitudinal pipes, is equal to the length of the combustion chamber , the side and front screens are made of vertical pipes, the vertical pipes of each side screen are interconnected in parallel using the upper and lower longitudinal collectors, and between the pipes of the side screens have metal membranes, each section of the convective heating zone is equipped with at least one pair of additional sections with the formation of front and rear convective blocks, respectively, sections in which are connected in series, horizontal pipe sections are also connected in series, while the grate of the screen on the other hand is connected in series with the front screen, which is connected in series with the ceiling screen, and the latter at the exit with it is fitted with a transverse ceiling collector dividing the coolant circulation system into two parallel branches, for which the ceiling collector is connected on one side to the front convection unit input and on the other side the rear, the output of each convective unit is connected in series with the lower longitudinal collector of the side screen, and each side the screen through the upper longitudinal collector is connected to a direct pipeline of the heating network, in addition, sections of the opposite convective blocks are staggered, mentioned The first front vertical partition is the front section of the front block, and the mentioned rear vertical partition is the section located behind, for which the pipes of these sections are connected by metal membranes.

The main technical problem of the prototype is the difficulty of removing air and steam from the boiler coolant circulation system, draining the coolant, cleaning the pipe system from deposits, as well as low coolant circulation parameters, which reduces the functionality, reduces the technical utilization coefficient and other operational characteristics, leads to energy losses , lower efficiency and safety, especially during transients and high boiler load.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase operational characteristics - utilization and efficiency, as well as expanding functionality.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the boiler is water-tube, containing a rectangular body, divided into furnace and convection blocks by a front vertical partition with a gas duct window, as well as pipes of the supply and return pipelines, the furnace block is formed by the front, ceiling, lower and side pipe screens , the lower and ceiling screens are each made of longitudinal pipes and two transverse collectors, while the lower screen is connected to the return pipe and is a cooled ear with a lattice, the side screens are made of vertical pipes connected, in each screen on the corresponding side, to the upper and lower longitudinal headers, the front screen is made of vertical pipes connected to the bottom and top of the screen collectors, the convection unit contains a set of heat-exchange sections ending a rear vertical partition in the form of a heat exchange section with metal strips welded between the pipes and a window for the exit of flue gases, and at least one gas rotary partition in the form of t of the heat exchange section with metal strips welded between the pipes and the gas duct window, the heat exchange sections are located transversely on the path of the flue gases one after another and are heat exchangers of horizontally arranged pipes connected by vertical collectors, one of which they are mechanically and hydraulically connected to the upper and lower longitudinal boiler manifolds sectionally from left to right, characterized in that between the pipes of the front, ceiling and side pipe screens, the back of the partition, between the vertical collectors of the heat-exchange sections of the convection unit, metal strip inserts are made on the outside of the boiler, the sides of the boiler body are tightly connected to each other through the upper and lower collectors, thereby forming a single tube frame, the boiler pipe system is made with the possibility of successive movement of the coolant flow from the feed through the return pipe to the collector of the cooled grate, the passage of its cavities and further flow directions in two parallel ways on the sides of the boiler through the heat-exchange sections of the convection unit, starting from the rear, side, front and ceiling screens until the coolant exits from the rear collector of the ceiling screen into the supply pipe nozzle, on the collectors of the screens in the upper part of the boiler there are installed air vents and on the lower collectors there are branch pipes of drainage descents, and regulating jumpers are installed in the tubes of screens and heat-exchange sections.

In particular, the gas baffle serves as a front vertical baffle.

In particular, in the longitudinal section of the convection unit, the horizontal pipes of the adjacent heat-exchange sections, in the direction of the flue gas, are staggered.

In particular, the design of the boiler body has a non-gas tight design for heavy wiring.

In particular, the casing design is made without a lower screen, with the possibility of installing cast iron grates, while the coolant is supplied to the boiler through the rear heat-exchange sections of the convection unit.

In particular, the design of the furnace block of the boiler is made with the possibility of using a mechanical furnace.

In particular, the boiler body is enclosed in a heat-insulating shell and covered with a sheath of metal sheets.

In particular, in the casing of metal sheets, a hatch for cleaning gas ducts is made.

A brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a bottom side view of a water tube boiler.

Figure 2 shows a front view of a water tube boiler.

Figure 3 shows a side view of a water tube boiler in a casing.

Figure 4 shows a top view of the lower screen of the boiler tube.

The figures indicate: 1 - housing, 2 - furnace unit, 3 - convection unit, 4 - front vertical partition, 5 - front screen, 6 - ceiling screen, 7 - lower screen, 8 - side screens, 9 - return pipe, 10 - pipe branch pipe, 11 - upper longitudinal manifolds, 12 - lower longitudinal manifolds, 13 - firebox embrasure, 14 - heat exchange sections, 15 - rear vertical partition, 16 - gas rotary partition, 17 - vertical manifolds, 18 - inserts from metal strips , 19 - pipes of air vents, 20 - branch pipes of drainage vents, 21 - regulating jumpers, 22 - hatch for cleaning gas ducts, 23 - boiler lining.

Implementation of a utility model.

The claimed water tube boiler consists of a rectangular housing 1, divided into furnace 2 and convective 3 blocks with a front vertical partition 4 with a flue window. The furnace block 2 is limited by the front 5, ceiling 6, lower 7 and side 8 pipe screens, the return pipe 9 is connected to the lower screen 7, and the supply pipe 10 is connected to the ceiling 6, the vertical pipes of the side screens 8 are connected, in each screen with the corresponding side, with the upper 11 and lower 12 longitudinal collectors, the front screen 5 is a connection of vertical pipes with transverse screen collectors, the lower of which is the contour of the embrasure of the furnace 13. The convection unit 3 consists of a set of heat of the exchange sections 14, is limited by a rear vertical partition 15 in the form of a heat exchange section with metal strips welded between the pipes and a flue gas exit window, and contains at least one gas rotary partition 16 in the form of a heat exchange section with metal strips welded between the pipes and a gas duct , the heat exchange sections 14 are located transversely on the path of the flue gas one after another and are heat exchangers of horizontally arranged pipes connected by vertical collectors 17, one of which they are connected mechanically and hydraulically with the upper and lower longitudinal collectors of the boiler, sectionally from left to right, between the pipes of the front 5, ceiling 6 and side 8 pipe screens, the rear vertical partition 15, between the vertical heat exchange collectors 17 sections 14 of the convection unit 3, on the outside of the boiler there are inserts of metal strips 18, the sides of the boiler body are connected to each other by welds through the upper and lower longitudinal and transverse collectors, n Display reservoirs in the upper part of the boiler tubes installed air purger valve 19, and the lower reservoirs - purger valve drainage tubes 20 and in heat exchange tubes and screens made regulating sections 21 jumpers.

The boiler is used as follows.

When fuel is burned in the furnace block 2 of building 1, heat is generated that is perceived by means of radiant, radiant-convective heat exchange by the heating surfaces of the front 5, ceiling 6, lower 7, side 8 pipe screens and inserts from metal strips 18, which ensure the gas density of the boiler body, increasing wherein the surface area of the heating, which increases the efficiency of heat use. The flue gases generated during combustion flow from the furnace unit 2 through the gas duct window of the front vertical partition 4 to the convection unit 3 and, passing the gas ducts formed by the gas rotary partitions 16, go through the window for the exit of the flue gases of the rear vertical partition 15 into the atmosphere, when In this case, the gases transfer heat through convective heat exchange to the heating surfaces of the heat exchange sections 14. The perceived heat of the heating surface is transferred to the heat transfer medium that passes through the pipe to the return pipe 9 into the collector of the lower screen 7, its cavities pass and, gradually heating up, due to the difference in density and control jumpers 21, sequentially moves in two parallel ways, passing through the pipes of the heat-exchange sections 14, starting from the rear, rising and lowering in vertical collectors 17 passes through the upper 11 and lower 12 longitudinal collectors into the side 8, front 5 and ceiling 6 screens, then through the pipe of the supply pipe 10 enters the network.

The coolant is poured into the pipe system of the boiler through the nozzles of drainage drains 20 located in the collectors of the lower part of the boiler, due to which air is squeezed out to the upper points of the system. During maintenance, the scum and deposits that clog the pipes of the circulation circuit are conveniently and quickly removed through the same nozzles, which significantly increases the coefficient of technical use of the boiler. Air and steam generated or entering the circulation system during the operation of the boiler and reducing the heat capacity of the coolant are removed through the nozzles of the air vents 19 installed in the upper collectors of the boiler.

To simplify the design of the boiler, reduce its cost and increase functionality, the sides of the casing have welded joints through the upper and lower headers, thereby forming a single tube supporting frame that does not require additional supporting elements, except for supporting ones, for installation.

For the convenience of servicing the convection unit 3, a hatch for cleaning the flues 22 is installed in the casing of the boiler 23.

The results of the operation of the water-tube boiler showed an increase in the boiler utilization rate by 7% and an increase in efficiency by 3% due to improved functionality, increased efficiency of the boiler circulation circuit, reduced heat loss through leaks and pores in the lining due to the welding of metal strips between the pipes along all external sides of the enclosure, reducing downtime by improving serviceability.

Thus, the combined effect of using the connection between the sides of the casing in the tube support frame, the gas-tight connection of the pipes on the outside of the boiler by welding metal strips 18, the regulating jumpers 21 in the boiler pipe system, the air vent pipes 19 and the drain drain pipes 20, significantly improved the boiler performance and expand its functionality.

Claims (8)

1. A water-tube boiler containing a rectangular housing divided into furnace and convection blocks by a front vertical partition with a gas duct window, as well as pipes of the supply and return pipelines, the furnace block is formed by front, ceiling, lower and side pipe screens, the lower and ceiling screens are made, each of longitudinal pipes and two transverse collectors, while the lower screen is connected to the return pipe and is a cooled grate, the side screens are made of vertical pipes b, connected, in each screen on the corresponding side, with the upper and lower longitudinal collectors, the front screen is made of vertical pipes connected to the bottom and top of the screen collectors, the convection unit contains a set of heat-exchange sections ending with a rear vertical partition in the form of a heat-exchange section with metal strips welded between the pipes and a flue gas exit window, and at least one gas rotary partition in the form of a heat exchange section with metal welded between the pipes and strips and the flue window, the heat exchange sections are located transversely on the path of the flue gas one after another and are heat exchangers of horizontally arranged pipes connected by vertical collectors, one of which they are connected mechanically and hydraulically with the upper and lower longitudinal collectors of the boiler sectionally to the left then on the right side, characterized in that between the pipes of the front, ceiling and side pipe screens, the rear vertical partition, between the vertical collectors convection unit exchange sections, metal strip inserts are made on the outside of the boiler, the sides of the boiler casing have a gas tight connection and tight connection through the upper and lower collectors, thereby forming a single tube frame, the boiler pipe system is made with the possibility of successive movement of the heat carrier flow from feeding through the pipe of the return pipe into the collector of the cooled grate, the passage of its cavities and the further flow direction in two parallel ways about the sides of the boiler through the heat-exchange sections of the convection unit, starting from the back, side, front and ceiling screens until the coolant exits from the rear collector of the ceiling screen into the supply pipe nozzle, on the collectors of screens in the upper part of the boiler there are air outlet pipes, and on the lower collectors branch pipes of drainage slopes, and regulating jumpers are installed in the tubes of screens and heat-exchange sections. 2. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas rotary partition serves as a front vertical partition. 3. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that in the longitudinal section of the convection unit, the horizontal pipes of the adjacent heat-exchange sections, in the direction of the flue gas, are staggered. 4. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the design of the boiler body has a non-gas tight design for heavy lining. 5. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing design is made without a bottom screen, with the possibility of installing cast iron grates, while the heat carrier is supplied to the boiler through the rear heat-exchange sections of the convection unit. 6. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the design of the furnace block of the boiler is made with the possibility of using a mechanical furnace. 7. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the boiler body is enclosed in a heat-insulating shell and covered with a sheath of metal sheets. 8. The boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that the hatch for cleaning the flues is made in the casing of metal sheets.

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