RU192588U1 - Block of laser gyroscopes - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of instrumentation, namely to strapdown inertial navigation systems (SINS) based on laser gyroscopes. The laser gyroscope unit contains three laser gyroscopes with closed loops and made in separate cases. Each of the laser gyroscopes has a Zeeman magneto-optical frequency stand for deriving the operating characteristic from the capture zone. The mutual arrangement and contact of the laser gyroscopes in the block is chosen so that, taking into account the breakdown of the nonplanar resonators of the laser gyroscopes, the direction of the sensitivity axes and the location of the active channels, the influence of the Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand of each of the laser gyroscopes does not extend to one laser gyroscope, but to all three, moreover with the highest efficiency. A useful model allows to derive the performance characteristics of two and multi-frequency laser gyroscopes from capture zones using mations minimum electric current in the coils a frequency Zeeman magnetooptic supports, as a result, reduce the heat generation and temperature gradients, thus increasing the reliability and accuracy BINS. 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of instrumentation, namely to strapdown inertial navigation systems (SINS) based on laser gyroscopes.

Basic information in the SINS is removed from linear acceleration sensors, called accelerometers, and angular motion sensors based on laser gyroscopes. Accelerometers are installed in the SINS case, while the orientation in space of the sensitivity axes of the accelerometers is calculated by the signals of the laser gyroscope unit, also rigidly fixed in the SINS case. SINS is most sensitive to errors of instruments that provide information about the angular motion of an object; therefore, it is proposed to increase the accuracy of SINS by reducing heat generation in laser gyroscopes as a part of the unit by reducing current in the coils of a Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand and, as a result, reducing the thermal distortions of the resonators leading to misalignment laser gyroscopes and minimizing temperature gradients in the cases of laser gyroscopes, leading to asymmetric heating of the gas mixture, creating This means gas flows and, accordingly, errors. In addition, thermal fluctuations in the orientation of accelerometers relative to gyroscopes are reduced. Improved performance is also achieved through more uniform heating and distribution of heat fluxes using the optimal arrangement of laser gyroscopes in the unit with their additional fixation by placing on an optical contact.

Close in technical essence is a block of laser gyroscopes [1]. The block of laser gyroscopes is made in the form of a cube and contains 6 laser gyroscopes, the mutual orientation of the sensitivity axes and active channels in which is rigidly fixed. At the same time, laser gyroscopes in the unit do not have their own separate housings.

The disadvantage of such a block of laser gyroscopes is the unforeseen possibility of a complete replacement of a faulty laser gyroscope in the block, in contrast to the block of laser gyroscopes proposed in the utility model. Also, the manufacture of three laser gyroscopes in a monolithic single case requires complex equipment, high uniformity of the material and is associated with technical and technological difficulties.

Blocks based on triaxial laser gyroscopes are known [2, 3]. The block of such laser gyroscopes is made in a monolithic piece of material (quartz, glass metal, cerodur (Zerodur)) and consists of three communicating chambers (one for each axis of sensitivity) forming a regular octahedron with eight triangular faces. Ignition of a gas discharge is carried out by a configuration of one cathode chamber communicating with resonator chambers by means of cathode channels and several electrodes.

The difficulty in the manufacture of such blocks of laser gyroscopes is the implementation with high accuracy of a large number of landing planes for optical contact for mirrors and the use of a large number of electrodes in one inseparable block. The size and shape of the electrodes impose a restriction on the length and position of the channels for the propagation of rays in laser gyroscopes in connection with the occurrence of undesirable electrical interactions and gas flows resulting from asymmetric heating of the unit (Langmuir effect). The disadvantage of such units is also the increased requirements for power and output voltage to a high-voltage power source. The inseparable monolithic design does not provide for the replacement of individual parts of the laser gyroscope unit in case of their partial failure.

The technical result provided by the utility model is to increase the accuracy of the SINS by reducing heat generation both in the laser gyroscope unit as a whole and in each of the laser gyroscopes due to a decrease in the current in the coils of the Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand. Laser gyroscopes in the block can be either dual-frequency or multi-frequency. The proposed arrangement allows the magnetic field of the Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand to influence not only the active channel of the laser gyroscope around which the coil is wound, but also the active channels of neighboring laser gyroscopes, contributing to the longitudinal component of the magnetic field and causing an additional separation of the generated frequencies to avoid capture phenomena.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows the dependence of the magnetic field induction module of the Zeeman magneto-optical frequency stand coil on the distance to the axis of the coil (Bio-Savard-Laplace law).

The fast decline of the magnetic field induction module is characteristic, which means the ineffectiveness of the Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand exposure by the coil on the active channel located at a certain characteristic distance from the axis of the coil, which in the proposed configuration of the laser gyroscope unit was 4 cm.

However, when placing laser gyroscopes in a block so that:

- the active channel of one laser gyroscope was from the coil axis of the Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand of another laser gyroscope at a distance less than the characteristic magnetic field attenuation distance, which was 4 cm for the proposed configuration of the laser gyroscope unit;

- the active channel of one laser gyroscope was oriented at a minimum angle to the magnetic field induction vector created by the coil of the Zeeman magneto-optical frequency stand of another laser gyroscope,

it is possible to ensure the contribution of neighboring laser gyroscopes to the magnetic field induction along the active channel of the laser gyroscope by up to 20% and a corresponding decrease in the current in the coils of the Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand.

Mechanical fastening of laser gyroscopes in the calculated positions is used, additional fixation is provided by optical contact between the faces of the laser gyroscope housings. The execution of all three laser gyroscopes from the same material and their joining by the optical contact method increases the placement efficiency of laser gyroscopes, as the thermal expansion of the laser gyroscopes is uniform, and the large contact area of the laser gyroscopes optimizes heat dissipation and reduces the value of mechanical stresses in the optical contact zone. The stability of the mutual orientation of the sensitivity axes of laser gyroscopes is also ensured by an optical contact.

In the event of a failure of one of the laser gyroscopes in the unit, the possibility of replacing it remains. The absence of requirements for the mutual orthogonality of the sensitivity axes of laser gyroscopes simplifies their fastening in the SINS and the design as a whole. As a result, the reliability and accuracy of the block of laser gyroscopes increases.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a general view of a laser gyroscope; the unit includes three such laser gyroscopes. In FIG. 3 shows a view of a Zeeman magneto-optical frequency stand coil. In FIG. 4 is a view of a block of laser gyroscopes in which Zeeman magneto-optical frequency stands of each laser gyro affect all three laser gyroscopes simultaneously.

Information sources:

1. Block of laser gyroscopes, RF Patent 2359231, URL: http://bd.patent.su/2359000-2359999/pat/servl/servletbef2.html.

2. Nonplanar three-axis ring laser gyro with shared mirror faces, US Patent 4795258 A, URL: https://patents.google.com/patent/US4795258.

3. Three-axis laser precession gyroscope symmetric about its drive axis, RF Patent 2210737, URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/221/2210737.html.

Claims (1)

A block of laser gyroscopes containing the first, second, and third laser gyroscopes with a Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand in separate cases made of the same material and mechanically fastened together with additional fixation provided by optical contact between the faces of the cases of laser gyroscopes, intended for use in strapdown inertial navigation system, while laser gyroscopes are placed in the block so that the active channel of one laser gyro does not runs away from the axis of the Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stand of another laser gyroscope at a distance less than the characteristic magnetic field attenuation distance, which was 4 cm for the proposed configuration of the laser gyroscope unit, and is oriented at a minimum angle to the magnetic field induction vector created by the Zeeman magnetooptical frequency stands of another laser gyro.

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