RU191971U1 - Extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymer waste to produce high-quality products. The device comprises a housing consisting of a supply zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, in the supply zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made in the form of a series of barrier sections and decompression sections, and the screw in the metering zone, the auger is made of two conical and mixing sections arranged in series, the auger in the mixing section is made with rounded coils having a semicircular recess on both sides, the coils are 7 mm high, and 5 mm, and forming the input channel with low shear deformations, the output channel with high shear deformations and the gap between the screw ridge of the screw and the housing. The technical result consists in a new design of the screw in the dosing zone, which ensures the production of new high-quality products by extrusion.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymeric waste with obtaining high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779, publ. March 15, 2005, Bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder comprises a housing, a gripping device, an auger, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a metering zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

A disadvantage of the known design is that in the case of processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials, consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary polymeric and building materials (secondary polymer mixture), a set of expensive equipment is necessary for preliminary preparation feedstock (mixers, presses, plasticizers, granulators). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for the known design does not give good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing abilities of the design.

The objective of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the metering zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw made in the form of sequentially located barrier section and decompression section, and the screw in the metering zone is made of two consecutive conical and mixing sections, the screw in the mixing section made with rounded coils having a semicircular recess on both sides, the coils have a height of 7 mm and a width of 5 mm, and form the inlet channel with low shear deformations, the outlet channel with high shear deformations and the gap between the screw coil ridge and the casing. With a smaller width and height of the coil, uniform mixing of small fractions of secondary polymer materials is not provided, and with a larger width and height of the coil, the necessary pressure is not provided in the extruder, which prevents the mixture from moving and uniform mixing of small fractions.

Common features with the prototype are:

a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper

prefabricated screw

in the feed zone, the screw is made in the form of a conical section,

in the compression zone, the auger is made in the form of successively arranged barrier sections and decompression sections.

Distinctive features of the device are:

in the metering zone, the auger is made of two conically located conical and mixing sections

the screw is made with rounded turns having a semicircular recess on both sides,

the round turn of the screw has a height of 7 mm,

the round turn of the screw has a width of 5 mm.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer and construction mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulating) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of an extruder.

In FIG. 2 shows a mixing section.

The extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripping device 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The housing consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a metering zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section. In the compression zone 5, the screw consists of a barrier section 7 and a decompression section 8. In the metering zone 6, the screw is made of two conical 9 and mixing 10 sections in series. The mixing section 10 is shown in FIG. 2. The screw 3 in section 10 is made with rounded coils 11 both semicircular recess 12 on both sides, the inlet channel with low shear deformations 13, the outlet channel with high shear deformations 14, the gap 15 between the ridge screw auger 3 and housing 1.

An extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials works as follows (Fig. 1).

Various polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) and building materials waste are fed by separate dispensers to the gripper 2, captured by a screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, are transported in solid form, mixed, and compacted in the feed zone 4, then in the compression zone 5 in the barrier section 7, the polymer mixture is completely melted, in the decompression section of the secondary polymer melt 8 of the compression zone 5, the volatile compounds contained in the waste are removed, the conical section 9 of the metering zone 6 determines the magnitude and stability of the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops, the mixing section 10 of the metering zone 6 with rounded coils 11 having a semicircular recess 12 on both sides ensures uniform mixing and distribution of the components in molten zones. A mixture of polymeric and building materials passes from the inlet channel with low shear deformations 13 to the outlet channel with high shear deformations 14 through the gap 15 between the screw ridge of the screw and the housing 1.

Example. With a width of the crest of the coil 5 mm, the height of the crest of the coil is 7 mm. The round-auger screw creates additional circular motion with an increased shear rate of the finely divided polymer material and provides improved mixing of polymer and building particles.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer and building mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymeric and building materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripper, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made of two in series located barrier section and decompression section, characterized in that the screw in the metering zone is made of two consecutive conical and mixing sections, the screw in the mixing section is made with lymi coils having semi-circular recess on two sides, the coils have a height of 7 mm and a width of 5 mm, and forming the inlet channel with low shear strains, the output channel with high shear deformations and the clearance between the crest of the screw and coil housing.

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