RU191541U1 - Device for grinding stem mass - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for grinding the stem mass relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for processing the non-grain part of the crop in combine harvesters. The technical result of the device is to reduce energy costs due to the uniformity of the load during the cutting process while improving the quality of grinding. In the device for grinding the stem mass, including a grinding drum with knives and a beam with opposing knives rigidly fixed between the sides of the combine body, while the opposing knives on the timber are independently movable relative to the axis of the locking element in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the grinding drum. The above allows, with the uneven flow of straw mass into the chopper, to provide individual cutting conditions for each cutting pair. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for processing the non-cereal part of the crop in combine harvesters.

Known straw choppers (Agricultural and reclamation machines - M .: Kolos, 1994, - 751 pp. Klenin N.I., Sakun V.A.) containing a chopping drum and a stationary counter device, which leads to a hard contact of the drum knives with straw . In this regard, a relatively high energy intensity of the process remains, which is the main disadvantage of this design.

Known chopper of the stem mass (Utility model. RF №184697, A01F 29/00, 2018), containing a movable counter device, consisting of a frame with knives rigidly fixed to it. The frame is installed between the sides of the combine body with the possibility of movement in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the chopping drum.

A disadvantage of the known device is not the high quality of chopping the plant mass, since the elements of the opposing device react to the uneven supply of the stem mass in the same way.

From the analysis of known technical solutions, it was revealed that the technical problem in this area is the need to expand the arsenal of technical means for processing the non-cereal part of the crop.

The technical result of the utility model is to reduce energy costs due to the uniformity of the load during the cutting process while improving the quality of grinding.

To solve this problem and achieve the claimed technical result in the device for grinding the stem mass, including a grinding drum with knives and rigidly fixed between the sides of the combine harvester body with anti-cutting knives, while the anti-cutting knives on the timber are fixed with the possibility of independent movement relative to the axis of the fixing element in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the grinding drum.

This allows, with uneven flow of straw mass into the chopper, to provide individual cutting conditions for each cutting pair.

The effect of oscillating opposing knives provides a less energy-intensive process of cutting the straw mass with movement or sliding, instead of chopping cutting, which has a greater cutting force. In addition, the knives are fixed on the beam with the possibility of changing their number.

The beam is placed between the sidewalls of the combine body rigidly, and the opposing knives in it have the ability to independently move in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the chopping drum. With the passage of the cutting knives of the chopping drum between the opposing knives, their cutting edges chop the stem mass, while cutting the plants with sliding is observed. In this case, the opposing knives have the ability to independently rotate relative to the axis of the locking element, dropping down or rising up to a certain distance, accumulating the potential energy of deformation of the elastic element. At the end of cutting, the elastic element returns the opposing knives to their original position due to the accumulated potential energy, thereby creating an oscillatory process for each knife. With the oncoming movement of the knife of the drum and the knife of the opposing device, the cutting speed increases. The effect of the oscillating knives of the counter device provides the grinding process exactly in the place where the stem mass arrives.

This achieves an improvement in the quality of grinding the stem mass, ensures stable cutting by increasing the cutting speed, reducing the energy intensity of the process and increasing the reliability of the device, since the cutting process is more smooth and uniform. The device is illustrated in the drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a side view device;

In FIG. 2 contradictory device, a section along AA;

In FIG. 3 counter device, top view.

The beam 1 is rigidly fixed to the sides of the housing. The counter-cutting knives 2 of the beam 1 are dressed on the axis 3 and are supported on the fixing cover 4, through the elastic element 5. This makes it possible to move the opposing knives 2 in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the grinding drum with knives 6. The bushings 7 on the cover 4 fix the opposing knives 2 on axles 3.

The device operates as follows.

In the process of operation of the chopper, the knives 6 of the chopping drum act on the stem mass. The cutting process occurs when the straw mass interacts simultaneously with the knives 6 of the chopping drum and the opposing knives 2 of the beam 1, with the ability to move in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the chopping drum. When the pressure is created on the opposing knives 2 of the timber 1 from the side of the knives 6 of the chopping drum, through the stalks of the straw mass the opposing knives 2 move relative to the timber 1. The mobility of the opposing knives 2 is ensured by the presence of an elastic element 5 with damping properties on the fixing cover 4 from the side of the opposing knives 2 The bushings 7 on the lid 4 fix the opposing knives 2 on the axles 3 and provide their relative movement in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the chopping drum. When a straw stem mass enters the beam 1, only those opposing knives 2 that are in contact with the ground mass are actively working.

Conclusions: the individual mobility of the opposing knives allows you to cut the stalks of the straw mass more smoothly and evenly, which provides increased reliability and reduced energy consumption of the cutting process.

Claims (1)

A device for grinding the stem mass, including a chopping drum with knives and a beam with counter knives rigidly fixed between the sides of the combine body, characterized in that the counter knives on the timber are independently movable relative to the axis of the locking element in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the chopping drum.

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