RU185626U1 - Fiber Optic Explosion Remote Control - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to blasting and can be used in the mining industry.

The technical result provided by the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality, namely the ability to control the integrity of the Executive circuit of the explosive charge before an explosion to prevent failure of the explosive charge.

The technical result is achieved in that the fiber-optic device for remote control of an explosion, containing a current source, the output of which is connected to the first input of the control panel, a fiber-optic cable, an executive device, the output of which is connected to the charge input of the explosive, further comprises a control device, the first and a second optical transceiver, a control module, and the output of the control panel is connected to the input of the first optical transceiver, bidirectional optical whose terminal is connected via a fiber-optic cable to the bi-directional optical pole of the second optical transceiver, the output and input of the second optical transceiver are connected to each other through serially connected actuating device, explosive charge and control device, the output of the first optical transceiver through the control module is connected to the second input remote control. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to blasting and can be used in the mining industry.

When carrying out blasting operations with the use of a large number of explosives, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of controlling the integrity of the executive circuit before carrying out an explosion to prevent malfunctioning of explosive charges.

The electrical remote detonation method is well known, in which a capacitor blasting machine is used, the output of which is connected via a highway in the form of a two-wire electric communication line to executive circuits, each of which consists of electric detonators and wires connecting electric detonators to the main and to each other and located within location of explosive charges. The highway, together with the executive circuits, forms an explosive network.

An explosive capacitor device with an explosive network tester, consisting of the first and second current sources, the outputs of which are connected to the measuring and explosive circuits of the control panel, respectively, can be used as a capacitor blasting machine. The outputs of the measuring and explosive circuits of the control panel are connected through a special lever in parallel to the mains of the explosive network. The measuring circuit includes an ohmmeter, which allows you to determine the integrity of the explosive circuit by measuring its resistance. An explosive circuit consists of a step-up voltage converter, a storage capacitor connected to it with a charge indicator, and an explosive key socket [1].

Before the explosion, the lever is switched to the position for monitoring the integrity of the circuit, connecting the measuring circuit of the control panel with the explosive circuit. When the first current source is on, the operator checks the integrity of the explosive circuit using an ohmmeter. Thus, the electric blasting method makes it possible to verify that the electric current pulse passes through all the electric detonators of the executive circuits before the explosion.

If the trunk and executive circuits are not damaged, the operator switches the lever to the detonated position, connecting the second current source to the explosive circuit of the control panel, and inserts the explosive key into the socket, while turning it into the capacitor charge mode. Electric current from the second current source is supplied to a step-up voltage converter, which charges the capacitor-drive with increased voltage. When the required voltage is reached, the indicator (neon lamp) signals the operator that it is ready to undermine. When the explosive key is turned by the operator to the explosion position, the capacitor is discharged through the main line and actuating circuits on the electric detonators, which leads to the detonation of explosive charges.

Thus, the electric blasting method allows remote verification before detonation and detonation of explosive charges.

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of reliability due to the use of electrical wires in the trunk and executive circuits. When using electric wires, there is a danger of an unauthorized explosion from currents induced in the ground during lightning discharges near the mains of an electric blast network, or from stray currents arising in the ground near electrified railways, powerful radio stations and high-voltage power lines, as well as near high-voltage wires in tunnels mines, etc. In addition, current leakage through the insulation of the electric wires of the trunk due to its damage can lead to failure of electric detonators due to insufficient current despite the fact that the control panel before the explosion does not indicate a violation of the integrity of the executive circuit.

Closest to the proposed device is a remote control kit for detonating explosive charges using fiber-optic communication, containing a current source, the output of which is connected to the input of the control panel, the output of the control panel through an optical transmitter, fiber-optic communication line, an optical receiver is connected to the inputs ten executive devices, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of ten executive circuits [2].

Set remote control detonation works as follows. The command for controlling the detonation of explosive charges, given by the operator from the control panel when the power source is turned on, is sent to the optical receiver, where it is converted into an optical signal containing a spectrally encoded address of one of ten actuators. An optical signal is transmitted via a fiber-optic communication line to an optical receiver, where an address signal is extracted using optical filters and an electrical signal is generated, which comes from one of ten outputs of the photodetector to the input of the selected actuator. This actuator activates and closes the actuator circuit, causing an explosion of the explosive charge associated with it.

The remote control kit for detonating explosive charges using fiber-optic communication for use for transmitting control signals via a dielectric fiber-optic cable eliminates unauthorized detonation due to induced currents and lightning discharges.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to control the integrity of the Executive circuit of the explosive charge before the explosion to prevent failure of the explosive charge.

The technical result provided by the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality, namely the ability to control the integrity of the Executive circuit of the explosive charge before an explosion to prevent failure of the explosive charge.

The technical result is achieved in that the fiber-optic device for remote control of an explosion, containing a current source, the output of which is connected to the first input of the control panel, a fiber-optic cable, an executive device, the output of which is connected to the charge input of the explosive, further comprises a control device, the first and a second optical transceiver, a control module, and the output of the control panel is connected to the input of the first optical transceiver, bidirectional optical whose pole is connected through a fiber-optic cable to the bi-directional optical pole of the second optical transceiver, the output and input of the second optical transceiver are connected to each other through serially connected actuating device, explosive charge and control device, the output of the first optical transceiver through the control module is connected to the second input remote control.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

1 - current source;

2 - control panel;

3 - the first optical transceiver;

4 - fiber optic cable;

5 - the second optical transceiver;

6 - executive device;

7 - explosive charge;

8 - control device;

9 - control module.

10 - low frequency generator;

11 - high frequency generator;

12 - the switch for switching the operating mode of the control panel 2;

13 - explosion button;

14 - explosion blocking relay.

15 - high-pass filter;

16 - low-pass filter;

17 - inductor;

18 - transistor switch;

19 - rectifier diode;

20 - thyristor;

21 - storage capacitor;

22 - relay;

23 is a direct current source.

In FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of a combined fiber optic remote explosion control device.

In FIG. 2 is a diagram of an embodiment of the control panel 2.

In FIG. 3 is a diagram of an embodiment of an actuator 6.

The device consists of a current source 1, the output of which is connected to the first input of the control panel 2. The output of the control panel 2 is connected to the input of the first transceiver 3, whose bi-directional optical pole is connected via a fiber-optic cable 4 to the bi-directional optical pole of the second transceiver 5. The output of the second transceiver 5 is connected to the input of the actuator 6, the output of which is connected to the input of the explosive charge 7. The charge output of the explosive 7 is connected to the input of the control when boron 8, the output of which is connected to the input of the second transceiver 5. The output of the first transceiver 3 is connected to the input of the control module 9, the output of which is connected to the second input to the control panel 2.

Fiber optic device for remote control of the explosion works as follows.

Before blasting when the power source 1 is turned on, the operator sends a test command from the control panel 2, which is sequentially transmitted through the optical transceiver 3, fiber optic cable 4, optical transceiver 5 to the input of the actuator 6. Upon receipt of the verification command, the actuator 6 generates an output low voltage, which is fed to the input of the explosive charge 7. When the explosive circuit of the explosive charge 7 is in good condition, this voltage is transmitted to its output, from which steps for controlling the input device 8, which is measured an electrical current induced energized. When the measured current exceeds a predetermined threshold, the control device 8 generates a service signal of the explosive explosive charge circuit 7. This signal is fed to the input of the second optical transceiver 5, which converts it into an optical analog and transmits it from the optical pole to the optical pole of the first transceiver 3, where it is converted back into a service signal of the explosive explosive charge circuit 7. From the output of the first optical transceiver 3, the signal is input the control module 9, at the output of which an undermining unlock signal is supplied to the second input of the control panel 2, after which the operator sends a detonation command from the control panel 2. This command from the output of the control panel 2 is fed to the input of the first optical transceiver 3, where it is converted into optical the analogue and from the optical pole via a fiber-optic cable 4 is fed to the optical pole of the second optical transceiver 5, where it is converted back to the command of detonation and from the output of the second optical moperedatchika 5 to the input of the executive device 6. As at its output received firing command executive unit 6 generates a high voltage which is input to the explosive charge 7, causing it to explode.

As a current source 1, you can use the battery 12FGHL22, 12 V.

As control panel 2, a device can be used, the circuit of which is shown in FIG. 2. The control panel 2 contains a low-frequency generator 10, the output of which through a normally open contact of the operating mode switching switch 12 is connected to the output of the control panel 2, a high-frequency generator 11, which through a normally closed contact of the operating mode switching switch 12, is a normally open contact of the explosion button 13 and a normally open contact of the explosion blocking relay 14 to the output of the control panel 2. The first input of the control panel 2 is connected in parallel to the inputs of the low-frequency generator 10 and the high-frequency generator frequency 11.

After supplying power from the output of the current source 1 to the input of the control panel 2, the low and high frequency generators 10 and 11 at their outputs begin to generate variable low and high frequency signals, respectively. When the switch operator switches the operating mode 12 to the test position, the low-frequency signals from the low-frequency generator 10 are fed through the normally open contacts of the toggle switch 12 to the output of the control panel 2. In this case, the normally closed contacts of the toggle switch 12 are open, which blocks the passage of high-frequency signals from the generator 11. When the switch operator switches the operating mode 12 to the reverse position, the passage of low-frequency signals to the output of the control panel 2 stops.

Upon successful passage of the test, the second input of the control panel 2 receives a signal to remove the explosion lock, through which the explosion lock relay 14 is activated, and its normally open contact closes. When the operator presses the button 13 of the explosion, the high-frequency signals from the generator 11 through the normally closed contact of the toggle switch 12, the normally open contacts of the button 13 and the relay 14 are sent to the output of the control panel 2 and cause an explosion.

If the test fails, at the second input of the control panel 2 there is no signal to remove the explosion lock and the normally open contact of the relay 14 blocks the signal from the generator 11 when the explosion button 13 is pressed.

Optical transceiver TRSL-9110FG from Optoway Technology Inc. can be used as the first and second optical transceivers 3, 5.

As the fiber optic cable 4, you can use the optical cable SL-OKMB-01NU-1E7-1.0.

As an actuating device 6, a device can be used, the circuit of which is shown in FIG. 3. The actuating device 6 contains filters of high 15 and low 16 frequencies, the inputs of which are connected to the input of the actuating device 6. The output of the high-pass filter 15 is connected to the control input of the transistor switch 18. The output of the low-pass filter 16 is connected to the electromagnetic coil of relay 22. The conducting channel the transistor switch 18 on the one hand through the inductor 17 is connected in parallel to the terminal + U of the DC source 23 and the cathode of the rectifier diode 19, on the other hand, the conductive channel of the transistor switch 18 parallel a negative output terminal of the storage capacitor 21 is connected to the terminal -U of the direct current source 23. The cathode of the rectifier diode 19 is parallelly connected to the positive terminal of the storage capacitor 21, the anode of the thyristor 20 and the normally open switching contact of the relay 22. The cathode of the thyristor 20 is connected to the normally closed switching contact relay 22. The general switching contact of relay 22 is connected to the output of the actuator 6.

When checking the input of the actuator 6 from the control panel 2 through the first transceiver 3, a fiber optic cable 4, the second transceiver 5, a low-frequency alternating signal is received, which is blocked by the filter 15 and passed by the filter 16. The relay 22 is activated by this signal and its contacts switch . A constant low voltage from a direct current source 23 through an inductor 17, a rectifying diode 19 and a normally closed switching contact of the relay 22 is supplied to the output of the actuator 6.

When undermining the input of the actuator 6 from the control panel 2 through the first transceiver 3, fiber optic cable 4, the second transceiver 5, a high-frequency alternating signal is received, which is blocked by the filter 16 and passed by the filter 15. This signal generates a high voltage on the storage capacitor 21 due to the pulsed increase in voltage to the inductor 17 when closing the conductive channel of the transistor switch 18 and the rectification of this voltage by a rectifying diode 19. When p evyshenii threshold thyristor 20, high voltage on the capacitor 21, the thyristor 20 and breaks the electric current to the storage capacitor 21 through the normally closed relay switch contact 22 is output of the executive device 6, from which is transmitted to the input 7 of the explosive charge, causing its explosion.

The explosive charge chain of the explosive 7 can be built on the basis of electric detonators ED-8.

The control device 8 can be built on the basis of the AD8611 comparator chip.

The control module 9 can be built on the basis of the CD4029 multivibrator chip.

Thus, the proposed device expands the functionality, namely, it provides the ability to control the integrity of the Executive circuit of the explosive charge before an explosion to prevent failure of the explosive charge.

Information sources

1. Magoichenkov M. A., Galadzhi F. M., Rosinsky N. L. Master explosive. - M .: Nedra, 1975. - P.72–73

2. RF patent for utility model No. 114575, IPC H04B 3/00 (2006.01), 10.28.2011.

Claims (1)

A fiber-optic device for remote control of an explosion, containing a current source, the output of which is connected to the first input of the control panel, a fiber-optic cable, an executive device, the output of which is connected to the charge input of an explosive, characterized in that it further comprises a control device, the first and second optical transceivers, a control module, and the output of the control panel is connected to the input of the first optical transceiver, the bi-directional optical pole of which through the fiber-optic cable is connected to the bi-directional optical pole of the second optical transceiver, the output and input of the second optical transceiver are connected to each other through a series-connected actuator, an explosive charge and a control device, the output of the first optical transceiver through the control module is connected to the second input of the control panel.

Images