RU1836711C - Device for transmission of information via double wired line - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for transmitting and receiving information over a two-wire communication line belongs to the field of information-measuring equipment and can serve as the basis for the construction of systems for collecting information about operating electric consumers dispersed over a constant voltage network, in which power conductors are used as a communication line . The purpose of the invention is to increase the information content of the device. The device comprises a two-wire communication line, a power source, a voltage sensor, a transmitting part and a certain number of receiving nodes. The blocks forming the transmitting part are included in the load of the current generator connected between the wires of the communication line, similarly. the blocks forming each of the receiving nodes are included in the load of other current generators. In each of the receiving nodes, a second switching element and a storage element are included, which is charged through the second switching element, and through the first one with a power supply switched off in series, is connected to a pulsed power consumer. Due to this, the power of the pulse signal transmitted over the communication line from the transmitting part to each of the receiving nodes increases while ensuring the operability of the device. 3 ill. WITH

Description

The invention relates to the field of information and measurement technology and can serve as a basis for the construction of systems for collecting information on operating power consumers dispersed over a constant voltage network, in which power conductors are used as an information communication line.

The aim of the invention is to ensure the operability of the device while increasing the power of the pulse signal transmitted through the wires of the communication line, mainly from a dynamic object control system.

This goal is achieved in that in a two-wire device for transmitting and receiving information containing a two-wire communication line, between the wires of which are connected in series a power supply and a voltage sensor, a transmitting part and a certain number of receiving nodes, the transmitting part contains a voltage stabilizer and connected in series command encoder, parallel to serial code converter, clock generator, voltage divider, voltage to signal converter

DC, one of the power leads and the first power lead of the voltage stabilizer are connected to the first wire of the communication line, and the other power leads and the second output of the voltage stabilizer are combined and connected through the current generator to the second wire of the communication line to which the terminal is connected a voltage converter to DC signals, each of the receiving nodes contains a voltage stabilizer, a voltage amplifier, a clock selector, a serial to parallel converter, an address generator ow, a comparison element, a command decoder, a current amplifier, some power leads of which are connected to the first wire of the communication line, and other power leads are connected and through the current generator are connected to the second wire of the communication line, which is connected through the filter to the input of the voltage amplifier the output of which is connected to the input of the clock selector and the first input of the serial code converter to parallel, the second input of which is connected to the output of the clock selector, the outputs of the serial code converter in parallel are connected to the first group of inputs of the comparison element, the inputs of the second group of which are connected to the outputs of the address generator, the outputs of the comparison element are connected to the inputs of the command decoder, which is connected through the optical isolation element to the current amplifier, which is connected through the first transformer to the first switching element, the first the power supply of which is connected to the second wire of the communication line, unlike the prototype, a storage element is seized in each of the receiving nodes, a second one similar to the first element switching, a second transformer, the input of which is connected to the output of the current amplifier, and the output is to the input of the second switching element, the first and second power leads of which are connected to the first and second wire of the communication line, the second power output of the first switching element is connected to the first wire of the line communication, the second and first outputs of the first and second switching elements are the first and second outputs respectively of each of the receiving nodes, and the second outputs of the first and second switching elements through the storage element t are interconnected, and the first output of the first switching element is connected to the second output of the second switching element.

In FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a two-wire transmission device and

receiving information; Fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of a switching element of the device according to Fig. 1 with an image of connecting an electrical consumer. which is used as a winding of a pulsed electrovalve, and a storage element, which is used as a capacitor C1; Fig. 3 is a characteristic of a current change switched by the device of Fig. 1 for controlling a pulsed electrovalve. The block diagram of a two-wire device shown in Fig. 1 is provided by two wires 1, 2 of a communication line, a power supply 3, a voltage sensor 4, a transmitting part and a certain number of receiving nodes. The transmitting part contains a current generator 5, the load of which includes a voltage stabilizer 6 and consequently included an encoder 7 commands, a parallel code to serial converter 8, a clock generator 9, a voltage divider 10, a voltage to signal converter 11

5 DC, the output of which is connected to the wire 2 of the communication line. The receiving unit contains a current generator 12, the load of which includes a voltage stabilizer 13 and a series-connected filter

0 14, voltage amplifier 15, clock selector 16, serial to parallel converter 17, address generator 18, comparison element 19, command decoder 20, element

5 12 optical isolation, a current amplifier 22, which is connected through the first and second transformers to the switching elements 23 and 24, respectively, between which the storage element 25 and the electric consumer 26 are connected. The electric consumer 26 is connected to the terminals 1 and 2, which are the terminals of each receiving node. The storage element 25 and the electric consumer 26 are connected to the switching elements 23, 24 as follows: between the second outputs of the switching elements 23 and 24, the storage element 15 is turned on, wherein the output 1 of the switching element 23 and the output 2 of the switching element 24 are connected, and

0, between the output 2 of the switching element 23 and the output 1 of the switching element 24, an electrical consumer 26 is turned on, and the terminals 1 and 2 of the receiving node are the outputs of 2 switching elements 23 and 1 switching element 24 of the switching device, respectively. Further, the conclusions 1 and 2 of the receiving unit will be omitted to simplify the description.

The switching element shown in FIG. 2 contains a series-connected diode bridge VD1 ... VD4, a filter.

made on the resistor R1 and capacitor C2 and the transistor VT / collector which is the output of the switching element 1 and connected through series resistors R2 and R3 to the emitter of the transistor VT2, the collector of which is the output of the 2 switching element. The base of transistor VT2 is connected between resistors R2 and R3. The emitters of transistors VT1 and VT2 are the first and second respectively pins of the power supply of the switching element.

Figure 2 shows, for the sake of clarity, switching elements 23 and 24 with a connected drive, which is used as a capacitor C1, and an electrical consumer, which uses the winding of a pulsed solenoid valve (with inductance Nek and active resistance of the winding RSK), and the source polarity is indicated 3 meals.

The device works as follows.

The power supply 3 through the voltage sensor 4 provides power to the feed part and a certain number of receiving nodes. A current generator 5, the load of which is included in blocks b to 11, which form the transmitting part, provides it with a stable supply current, and a voltage stabilizer 6 provides a stable voltage in the load of the current generator 5. A similar structural embodiment of the receiving units in terms of turning on the current generator 12 and the voltage stabilizer 13 is explained above. The encoder 7 issues a command to control the pulsed electrovalve in the form of a parallel code, which is transmitted to the parallel code converter 8 in serial, the Serial code is supplied to the clock generator 9 to fill the code with clock pulses. The synchronized serial code through the voltage divider 10 enters the voltage converter 11 into DC signals, where the voltage is converted to DC signals, which are generated in the circuit formed by the power supply 3 by the voltage sensor 4. a conductor 1, a converter 11, and a conductor 2. The DC signals on the voltage sensor 4 are converted to voltage signals at a constant voltage level. The code thus transformed in the form of a variable component of the voltage at the constant voltage level is transmitted through the wires of the communication line to the receiving nodes. The transmitted code is accepted

device nodes that are sea. The filter 14 feeds it into the 1G voltage amplifier. The amplified code is supplied to the clock selector 16 for real-time synchronization, then the current / tns sync sequence and the amplified serial code are sent to the serial code converter 17 in parallel. The address generator 18 provides an implementation of a selectable method for receiving control commands based on issuing address codes corresponding to a particular receiving node. Thus, the control command in the form of a parallel code is supplied to the inputs of the first group of the comparison element 19, and from the output of the address generator 18, a code is supplied to the inputs of the second group of the comparison element. Shaper 18 addresses generates periodic codes for controlling the electrovalve. The comparison of codes in the comparison element 18 is a condition for the latter to form instructions to the decoder 20, which are interconnected by two inputs / outputs, one to open the solenoid valve and the other to close. The decoder 20 commands through the element 21 of the optical isolation supplies a signal to the current amplifier 22, which through the first and second transformers generates control signals to the switching elements 23 and 24, respectively. The practice of controlling the automation of the propulsion system of an aircraft shows that its reliable functioning requires galvanic decoupling of code-converting nodes from switching elements. For this purpose, a current amplifier 22 is introduced into the device, which provides galvanic isolation through a code-converting unit and switching elements through an optical isolation element 21 and transformer communications. The switching elements 23 and 24, the power leads of which are connected to the wires of the communication line, charge the storage element, then it is discharged through the winding of the electrovalve and the power supply 3. The control of the switching elements 23 and 24, and through them the storage element 25 and the power consumer 26, is carried out as follows:

- in the initial state, the device through the current amplifier 22, the transformer 2 includes a switching element 24, through which the accumulative 25 element is charged;

- upon receipt of a command to control the receiving node, the current amplifier 22 switches the control from the transformer 2 to

the transformer 1, respectively, turns off the switching element 24 and turns on the switching element 23, and generates a control pulse on the electric device 26 whose power is the sum of the power of the power supply 3 and the power of the storage 25 element.

In Fig. 2, switching elements 23, 24 are presented, a storage element (C1) and a winding of a pulse electrovalve (, R3K). Each switching element includes a diode bridge VD1 ... VD4, transistors VT1, VT2, resistors R1, R2, R3, capacitor C2 and outputs 1 and 2. The switching element works as follows: from the output circuits of the transformer connected to the diode bridge VD1 ... VD4, an alternating current is applied, which is last rectified and supplied through the filter R1 C 2 to the base of the transistor VT1. The transistor VT1 opens and a current flows between the wires T and 2 of the communication line: the wire 1 of the communication line - the resistor R2 - the resistor R3 - the collector - the emitter of the transistor V11 - the wire 2 of the communication line. In this case, the voltage drop across the resistor R2 creates an offset for the transistor VT2, which opens also along the circuit: plus a power supply 3 - a wire 1 of the communication line - an emitter - a collector of the transistor VT2 - output 2 of the switching element 24 - capacitor C1 - output 1 of the element 24 switching - collector - emitter of transistor VT1 - wire 2 lines of communication - sensor 4 voltage - minus power supply 3, capacitor C1 is charged, Then, when comparing the code of element 19 of the comparison, the comparison pulse through the decoder 20 commands, element 21 optical isolation switches effort spruce current 22 to another state and the control action through the first transformer is fed to a comparing member 23, and a comparing element 24 is removed. In this case, the capacitor C1 is sequentially turned on with the solenoid valve winding and the capacitor C1 is discharged through the circuit switching element 23: plus power supply 3 - wire 1 of the communication line - emitter - collector of transistor VT2 - output 2 of switching element 23 - capacitor C., - coil winding - terminal 1 of switching element 23 - collector - emitter of transistor VT1 - wire 2 of the communication line - voltage sensor 4 - minus source 3. So, the capacitor is charged through switching element 24 to voltage U ( subject to loss on circuit elements) and stores electrical energy

sous

2

where U is the voltage of power supply 3. Then, the capacitor switches from the switching element 24 to the switching element 23 and the capacitor connected in series with the power supply 3 starts to discharge through the winding of the electrovalve. With such switching, quadruple energy is already applied to the electrovalve

fifteen

E. s (y + u) 2Cu2

thereby increasing the power of the pulse signal transmitted over the wires of the communication line. In this case, the supply voltage of the transceiver nodes of the device remains unchanged, which is essential to ensure the operability of the device,

An increase in the power of the pulse signal transmitted through the wires of the communication line will reduce the response time of the solenoid valve by an amount that

can be estimated by the characteristic according to fig.Z.

Fig. 3 shows a characteristic of a change in current switched by the device of Fig. 1 for controlling a pulsed solenoid valve. Characteristic 1 displays the change in current without using capacitor C1, characterizing the prototype, characteristic 2 displays the change in current using K. capacitor C1. The response time of each pulsed solenoid valve (tcp) includes the starting time of the core (Ttr) and the time of core movement (gdv) to a different position, i.e. for characteristics 1 and 2 will correspond

response time:

tcpl trpl + T.dv,

tcpl tTp2 + TDV2

where 1tr is the winding current at which the movement of the core begins:

1y1 - steady-state current value for characteristic 1;

Iy2 is the steady-state current value for characteristic 2.

The actuation of a pulsed solenoid valve will be considered in characteristic 2, characteristic 1 is given for comparison, and corresponds to the prototype.

When a voltage of 2U is applied through the switching element 23 to the solenoid valve winding, a current is generated in it

t5

l-yi-.e T)

where T is the time constant of the circuit.

This current corresponds to characteristic 0321Q phase 2

Starting current:

Let us introduce the notion of an appreciable preion of reaction by a dynamic object, but dp 300 pbmotok can be present. n governing later.

Time for prototype:

Ti volume 300 yl x 150 ms - 15 s Time for the claimed device: Tg oBoR 300 pcs x 80 ms ---- 24 s.

trЈ2

1tP lyz (1st g) from:

1tr2 d1p -; - t

The starting time is proportional to the time constant T and depends on the ratio IrLu2. As Y2 increases, the starting time decreases. This is clearly seen from the last formula and characteristic according to Fig. 3 when comparing the starting times trpi and tTp2 according to characteristics 1 and 2. As soon as the movement starts (point 32 according to Fig. 3), the gap decreases and the inductance increases. The time dependence of the current corresponds to the section E2bg according to characteristic 2, at point ba. corresponding to the extreme position of the core, the current reduction stops, the response time tcp2 ends. Further, the current changes according to the law

I0e t + lz (1 -e

t).

where TI is a time constant circuit with a modified inductance;

10 winding current at the extreme position of the core of the pulsed electro-valve.

The time dependence of the current with the triggered electromagnet corresponds to the B2B2 section. Beyond point B2, the current decreases exponentially to zero as capacitor C1 discharges.

So, with increasing power of the control signal, the starting time of the core of the pulsed electro-valve decreases.

Using the proposed two-wire device for transmitting and receiving information helps to achieve the following technical and economic effect:

- reducing the response time of the pulsed epectro valve from 150 ms to 80 ms.

The difference in reaction time of the dynamic object for the prototype and the claimed device will be 21 sec. That is, the efficiency of using the inventive device with respect to the prototype in terms of the reaction of a dynamic object to a control action is higher by about 2

times;

- maintaining the supply voltage for the device at the same level as that of the prototype, while increasing the power of the pulse signal transmitted along the wire line

connection to the winding of a pulsed electrovalve. This corresponds to the provision-operability of the device with an increase in the power of the pulse signal, due to which a reduction in time is achieved.

actuation of electric valves, which means increasing the efficiency of controlling a dynamic object.

Formula and sampling

A device for transmitting and receiving information on a two-wire communication line, comprising: a power source and a voltage sensor connected between the wires of the communication lines and connected in series;

the transmitting part and the N receiving nodes, the transmitting part contains a voltage stabilizer and series-connected command encoder, a parallel-to-serial code converter, a clock generator, a voltage divider and a voltage to DC signal converter, the first power leads of which and the first terminal of the voltage regulator wives are connected to

the first wire of the communication line, the second power leads and the second output of the voltage stabilizer are combined and connected through a current generator to the second wire of the communication line to which the output of the voltage converter into DC signals is connected, each of the receiving nodes contains a matching filter, an element optical isolation, voltage stabilizer, voltage amplifier, clock selector, serial to serial converter, address former, current amplifier, comparison element, command decoder , a switching element and a transformer, the first terminals of a power supply of a switching element, a voltage stabilizer, a voltage amplifier, a clock selector, a serial to parallel converter, a comparison element, an address driver, an instruction decoder and a current amplifier are connected to the first wire of the communication line, the second power leads are combined and connected through a current generator to the second wire of the communication line, which is connected through the matching filter to the input of the voltage amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input a clock selector with a first input of the reconnaissance code converter and a parallel one, the second input of which is connected to the output of the sync pulse selector, the outputs of the serial to parallel converter are connected to the first group of inputs of the comparison element, the inputs of the second group of which are connected to the outputs of the address generator, the outputs the comparison element is connected to the inputs of the command decoder, the outputs of which through the optical isolation element are connected to the corresponding inputs of the current amplifier, the first the outputs of which are connected through the transformer to the corresponding inputs of the switching element, the second output of the switching element is connected to the second wire of the communication line, characterized in that, in order to increase the information content of the device, a storage element, a second switching element and a second transformer are introduced into each of the receiving nodes the second outputs of the current amplifier through a second transformer are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second switching element, the first and second power leads of which are connected respectively to the first and second wires of the communication line, the first and second outputs of the first and second switching elements are the first and second outputs of each of the receiving nodes, the second outputs of the first and second switching elements are combined through the storage element, the first output of the first switching element is combined with the second the output of the second switching element.

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Editor N. Kozlova

Compiled by S. Balakin

Tehred M. Morgenthal Corrector L. Pilipenko

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Yaug. 3