RU183190U1 - LONG-BURNING WATER-SOLID FUEL BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power system, in particular, to installations for burning solid fuels, such as coal, sawdust, peat, pieces of wood, a mixture of these fuels and can be used on hot water boilers to increase the efficiency of burning fuel by improving the mixing of secondary blast air with gasification products of fuel. In particular to mine-type boilers of the upper combustion. A solid-fuel boiler for long burning, comprising a housing made in the form of a vertically mounted tank, in which a solid fuel combustion chamber is made above the water grate, a cavity for supplying coolant and removing it to the consumer, a device for supplying air and distributing it in the combustion chamber is an air duct, a heat exchanger with an ash pan beneath it. At least one gas duct is located in the combustion chamber, the outlet of which is discharged to the upper part of the combustion chamber, and a door for loading fuel, and a furnace with a grate and additional air ducts is located in the lower part. Air duct and nozzles for air supply are located around the perimeter of the combustion chamber. The duct is located along the vertical side walls of the boiler body, and is connected by nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber. The air inlet is located under the grates, the corner nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber are located at the corners of the combustion chamber and have a diameter of 12 mm, and the side nozzles are located in the side walls of the boiler and pass through the water jacket and have a diameter of 15 mm. The blower space acts as a receiver, which equalizes the air pressure at the nozzles. In the upper part of the combustion chamber are flame tubes. The heat exchanger is made in the form of vertically and horizontally mounted tanks, under which an ash pan is located, equipped with an ash pan. The heat exchanger is connected to the pipe feed line for supplying heated water to it and a return pipe line for removing heated water, which are located in the side walls of the boiler, in order to return the coolant to the boiler in two ways. The coolant supply pipe to the system is made of a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm, and the return pipe from the heating system is 32 mm. 3 C.p. f-ls, 5 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to a power system, in particular, to installations for burning solid fuels, such as coal, sawdust, peat, pieces of wood, a mixture of these fuels and can be used on hot water boilers to increase the efficiency of burning fuel by improving the mixing of secondary blast air with gasification products of fuel. In particular to mine-type boilers of the upper combustion.

The solid-fuel hot-water boiler of long burning with solid fuel allows heating houses, cottages or country houses, as well as industrial facilities. The boiler allows you to burn coal of any quality, designed for space heating.

Improving operating conditions by creating the conditions for complete combustion of fuel, which allows to improve the performance characteristics of the system of a long-burning solid fuel boiler with regard to energy transfer, by reducing the loss in air flow on the way to the burning center, increasing the burning time without losing thermal energy, due to combustion control with adjustable flow, fast heating and coolant circulation during passage from return pipes to the system, optimal air convection and complete combustion of the pyrolysis fuel gases reduces emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere.

Known technical solution, application No. 2013131422, patent No. RU 139341, Priority: 07/10/2013, publ. 04/20/2014, IPC F23B 101/00 (2006.01), F24H 1/24 (2006.01), F23B 60/00 (2006.01), F23L 9/02 (2006.01), F23L 1/00 (2006.01), F23L 15/00 ( 2006.01), name: UPPER COMBUSTION HEATING UNIT, Upper combustion heater, containing a housing in which the combustion chamber is made, there are two windows with hermetically sealed doors for loading fuel and for removing ash, a cavity for supplying coolant and removing it to the consumer, a device for air supply and distribution in the combustion chamber, in which the air distributor is connected via a telescopic pipe to the chamber for air heating, characterized in that the pipe connected to the bottom of the grate is connected to this chamber, the coolant inlet pipe and its outlet pipe to the consumer are equipped with three-way valves, between which a pipe is fixed for recirculating the coolant in its cavity, and the air distributor is made in the form of a conical tip , in the upper part of which a hollow disk is mounted, which forms an annular gap between itself and the inner wall of the combustion chamber, holes are made in the walls of the disk in the form of nozzles for equal omeric distribution of the consumed volume of air supplied through the cavity of said telescopic pipe using a pneumatic pump.

The closest is the technical solution, application RU, No. 2013114836, Patent No. 132 530, Priority: 04/02/2013, publ. 09/20/2013, IPC F24H 1/24 (2006.01), name: LONG-BURNING SOLID FUEL BOILER, Long-burning solid fuel boiler contains a heat exchanger with an ash pan located under it, to which an air intake is connected, a heat exchanger made in the form of a vertically mounted tank, inside of which there is a top parts there is a fuel hopper with a door for loading fuel and at least one gas duct, the outlet of which is led to the top of the fuel hopper, where a chimney is connected to it, and inside the bottom of the heat exchanger tank there is a firebox with a grate and additional air ducts, characterized in that at least one combustion chamber is installed in the furnace along the inner wall of the heat exchanger and combustion catalysts are located in it, with the entrance of the combustion chamber located above the grate and its output connected to the entrance gas duct, and the outlets of the additional air ducts introduced into the afterburner.

A solid-fuel long-burning boiler containing a housing made in the form of a vertically mounted tank in which a solid fuel combustion chamber is made under a water grate, a cavity for supplying coolant and removing it to the consumer, a device for supplying air and distributing it in the combustion chamber is an air duct, a heat exchanger with an ash pan located underneath it, in the combustion chamber there is at least one gas duct, the outlet of which is discharged to the upper part of the combustion chamber, and a door for loading fuel, and at the bottom there is a firebox with a grate and additional air ducts, characterized in that the duct and nozzles for supplying air are located around the perimeter of the combustion chamber, while the duct is located along the vertical side walls of the boiler body, and is connected by nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber, and the duct entrance is located under the grates, the corner nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber are located at the corners of the combustion chamber and have a diameter of 12 mm, and the side nozzles are located on the side the outside walls of the boiler and pass through a water jacket and have a diameter of 15 mm, and the blower space acts as a receiver, which equalizes the air pressure on the nozzles, flame tubes are located in the upper part of the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger is made in the form of vertically and horizontally mounted tanks, under which is located an ash pan equipped with an ash hatch, a heat exchanger is connected to the pipe feed line for supplying heated water to it and a return pipe line for removing heated water, which are located in the side walls to ashes, for returning the coolant in the boiler in two ways, the coolant feed tube in the system is made of a pipe diameter of 40 mm and a return pipe from the heating system 32 mm.

A long-burning solid-fuel boiler is characterized in that the water jacket of the boiler is 25 mm. Loading and ash hatches are made with the possibility of adjustment at 4 points, and the ability to change the opening side. The long-burning solid-fuel boiler is made of steel 09G2S with a thickness of 5 mm.

The utility model is illustrated by the following drawings,

FIG. 1 - Side view

FIG. 2 - Front view

FIG. 3 - Top view

FIG. 4 - General view

FIG. 5 - Longitudinal section of a solid fuel boiler of long burning.

The technical result is achieved as follows, the duct (1), is located along the vertical side walls of the boiler body, and is connected by nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber (2), which increases the burning time without loss of thermal energy. At the same time, for automatic air supply, automation can be additionally used, which allows for smooth adjustment of the fan speed of the boost air into the combustion chamber (2) and, due to combustion control and controlled supply, burn fuel more economically, consume less electricity, and also increase the service life fan and more precisely control combustion, due to a slow decrease in boost power as it approaches the set temperature. The corner nozzles (3) for supplying air to the combustion chamber (2) are located at the corners of the combustion chamber (2) and have a diameter of 12 mm, and the side nozzles (4) are located in the side walls of the boiler and pass through a water jacket and have a diameter of 15 mm, at the same time, the supplied air is heated when it is fed into the combustion chamber (2), optimal air convection and complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas of fuel occurs, which reduces emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere, and the blowing space acts as a receiver, which balances the pressure on the nozzles. In the upper part of the combustion chamber (2) there are flame tubes (5) for additional heat removal and increase the power of the boiler. The heat exchanger (6) is connected to the supply line of the pipe (7) for supplying heated water to it and the return line of the pipe (8) for the removal of heated water, which are located in the side walls of the boiler, for returning the heat carrier to the boiler in two ways, while the coolant supply pipe the system is made of a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm, and the return pipe from the heating system is 32 mm, which allows the returning coolant to be heated more quickly and efficiently. As a heat carrier for the heat exchanger, as a rule, water is used. The water jacket of the boiler is 25 mm and provides quick heating and circulation of the coolant during the passage from the pipes of the outlet of heated water (8) to the system. The boiler is made of steel 09G2S with a thickness of 5 mm. The loading hatch (9) and the ash hatch (10) are made with the possibility of adjustment at 4 points, and the possibility of changing the opening side, while the cleaning hatches of the heat exchanger (11) are located in the upper and side walls of the boiler body, made with fastening at 2 points, which provides security.

A solid fuel long-burning boiler operates as follows, through the loading hatch (9), solid fuel is loaded to the top of the combustion chamber (2), which can be used as coal, sawdust, peat, pieces of wood, a mixture of these types of fuel. Most often, coal is used as solid fuel. The coal combustion air enters through the duct (1) through the corner nozzles of the air supply (3) and the side nozzles (4). Ignition of coal produces through the loading hatch (9). Coal burns from top to bottom. The hot air-gas mixture formed from burning coal enters the flues 12 giving heat to the inner wall of the heat exchanger and to the heat carrier inside it - water, and also the coal located in the combustion chamber is heated (2). Further, the burnt gases through the chimney (13) are emitted into the atmosphere, or fed to the economizer, where they give off residual heat. The ash formed from the combustion of coal wakes up through the grate (14) to the ash pan (15), from where it is periodically removed as it accumulates through the ash hatch (10). The blower fan is designed to control the volume of air supplied to the combustion chamber (2) by means of nozzles and supports the combustion of coal, which can be of different grades, fractions, humidity, etc. In this way, the boiler control process can be automated. With the complete combustion of the gas-air mixture, the carbon dioxide content of CO decreases, which improves the environmental characteristics of the boiler emissions and its efficiency (COP). A boiler of this design performs high-quality full combustion. It also increases the operating time of the boiler at one charge into the combustion chamber, and the content of carbon monoxide (CO) in the exhaust flue gases decreases. This boiler provides a long, gradual and stable heating of heated rooms with solid fuel.

A long-burning solid fuel boiler increases the efficiency of burning solid fuel loaded into it and, accordingly, increases its efficiency. In this case, the duration of burning of one load of solid fuel increases and is determined only by the total calorific value of the loaded mass of solid fuel at a time. In addition, the environmental performance of boiler emissions is improved.

Claims (4)

1. A solid-fuel boiler for long burning, comprising a housing made in the form of a vertically mounted tank, in which a solid fuel combustion chamber is made above the water grate, a cavity for supplying coolant and discharging it to the consumer, a device for supplying air and distributing it in the combustion chamber is an air duct , a heat exchanger with an ash pan below it, in the combustion chamber at least one gas duct is located, the outlet of which is discharged to the upper part of the combustion chamber, and a door for loading fuel, in the lower part there is a furnace with a grate and additional air ducts, characterized in that the duct and nozzles for supplying air are located around the perimeter of the combustion chamber, while the duct is located along the vertical side walls of the boiler body, and is connected by nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber and the duct entrance is located under the grates, the corner nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber are located at the corners of the combustion chamber and have a diameter of 12 mm, and the side nozzles are located in the boiler walls and pass through a water jacket and have a diameter of 15 mm, and the blower space acts as a receiver, which equalizes the air pressure on the nozzles, flame tubes are located in the upper part of the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger is made in the form of vertically and horizontally mounted tanks, under which is located an ash pan equipped with an ash hatch, a heat exchanger is connected to the pipe feed line for supplying heated water to it and a return pipe line for removing heated water, which are located in the side walls boiler, for returning the coolant to the boiler in two ways, while the coolant supply pipe to the system is made of a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm, and the return pipe from the heating system is 32 mm. 2. A long-burning solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the boiler water jacket is 25 mm. 3. A long-burning solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading and ash hatches are made with the possibility of adjustment at 4 points, and the ability to change the opening side. 4. The solid-fuel boiler for long burning according to claim 1, characterized in that the boiler for long burning is made of steel 09G2S with a thickness of 5 mm.

Images