RU182807U1 - Technological complex for drying coal with a high yield of volatile substances, mainly brown coal - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at the possibility of thermal drying of coals with a high yield of volatile substances, mainly brown, with minimal cost and energy costs. The technological complex for drying coals with a high yield of volatile substances, mainly brown, includes a drying unit with paths for supplying the initial coal and unloading the finished product, systems for supplying an inert drying agent and exhaust gas flow with exhaust fans, a heater for producing a hot inert gas agent. A heat generator with an initial fuel hopper, a blower fan and a hot inert and exhaust gas flow mixer is used as a heater for producing an inert drying agent, and the complex is additionally equipped with a unit for classifying the initial coal by size, the discharge line of the upper product of which is technologically connected with the coal supply system in the drying unit, and the discharge line of the lower product - with the source bin of the heat generator, in addition, the drying unit is equipped with iratsionnoy system exhaust connection which is hydraulically connected to the blow fan Suction and exhaust system is equipped with an additional flow of flue mounted with a flow control valve and the chimney. The utility model should provide explosion and fire safety during the drying process. preservation of volatile substances in dried coal, economic operation. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to technological complexes, devices for the implementation of thermal drying of coal with a high yield of volatile substances, mainly brown, and can be used in coal and coal processing industries, as well as in energy.

Known technological complex for thermal drying of coal in pipe dryers [1. I.S. Blagov, A.M. Kotkin. Coal beneficiation guide. M. - Nedra, 1984, pp. 524-529], on which coal is dried under the conditions of convective heat transfer and aerodynamic interaction of moving material particles with a gas stream. The complex includes a furnace with a kindling pipe, a dryer pipe, a cyclone and a battery dust collector, a wet dust collector, as well as a scraper drum feeder and a water seal.

The disadvantages of this technological complex are:

- the impossibility of drying coals with a high yield of volatiles, due to explosion and fire hazard;

- high energy costs, since the speed of the gases should be 1.25-1.5 times greater than the speed of the largest particles;

The closest technical solution to the claimed technological complex is a technological complex with a completely closed cycle of a drying agent [2. Mushtaev V.I., Ulyanov V.M. Drying of dispersed materials. M. - Chemistry, 1988. p. 105-113]. The technological complex includes an air heater through which an inert gas is supplied through a fan, a dryer with a feeder, a cyclone in which the dried material is collected, a mixing condenser (scrubber), a condensate collector and a refrigerator, where the exhaust gas is cooled and dried, which is again fed into the air heater.

The disadvantages of this technological complex are:

- use of special expensive inert gas;

- the complexity of the complex due to the presence of a refrigerator and a condenser.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is to eliminate the disadvantages inherent in analogue and prototype, as well as providing:

- explosion and fire safety of the complex during the drying process;

- preservation of volatile substances in dried coal;

- economical operation of the complex.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the technological complex for drying coals with a high yield of volatile substances, mainly brown, including a drying unit with paths for supplying initial coal and unloading the finished product, systems for supplying an inert drying agent and exhaust gas flow with smoke exhausters, a heater for a hot inert gas agent; a heat generator with an initial fuel hopper and a blower fan is used as a heater for producing an inert drying agent and a mixer of hot inert and exhaust gas streams, while the complex is additionally equipped with a unit for classifying the source coal by size, the discharge line of the top product of which is technologically connected with the coal supply system to the drying unit, and the discharge line of the bottom product - with the feed bin of the heat generator, in addition the drying unit is equipped with an aspiration system, the exhaust pipe of which is hydraulically connected to the inlet of the blower fan, and the exhaust gas exhaust system current is equipped with an additional gas duct with a flow regulator and a chimney installed on it.

The use of a heat generator with a source of fuel fuel, a blower fan, a hot inert and exhaust gas flow mixer, and equipping the complex with a unit for classifying raw coal by size, the discharge line of the top product of which is technologically connected with the coal supply system to the drying unit, and the discharge line of the bottom product with the bunker of the initial fuel of the heat generator, provides:

- feeding for drying sorted by size coal that does not contain small classes, which allows to reduce the dust content of the complex and, accordingly, to increase explosion and fire safety;

- reducing the cost of thermal drying due to the use of small classes of coal as a source of fuel for the heat generator;

- obtaining an inert drying agent with the required temperature not exceeding the temperature value at which the release of volatile substances begins, which also increases the explosion and fire safety of the process.

The supply of the drying unit of the technological complex with an aspiration system, the exhaust pipe of which is hydraulically connected to the inlet of the blower fan, provides:

- explosion and fire safety of the thermal drying process by removing dry dust particles from the drying unit and burning them in a heat generator;

- reducing the cost of the drying process through the use of heat generated during the combustion of dry pulverized coal particles in the heat generator.

The equipment of the exhaust gas flow exhaust system, with an additional gas duct with a flow regulator and a chimney installed on it, allows, on the one hand, the inertness of the drying agent and, therefore, the explosion and fire safety of the process, and on the other hand, the required temperature of the inert drying agent, not exceeding the critical temperature for the onset of volatiles.

The technological complex (see Fig. 1) consists of a classification unit for the size of the initial product 1, which is technologically connected with the feed system of the material (coal) to the drying unit 2 and to the feed bunker 3 of the heat generator 4 with an ash removal system. The drying unit has an aspiration system 5, the exhaust pipe of which is hydraulically connected to the inlet of the blower fan 6. The blower fan is technologically connected to the heat generator 4. To mix the hot flue gases and the exhaust gas stream, the heat generator and mixer 7 are connected by a duct system. The mixer is technologically connected with the smoke exhaust 8. The exhaust gas exhaust system of the drying unit is equipped with an exhaust smoke exhaust 9 and is equipped with an additional gas duct 10 with a flow regulator 11 and a chimney 12 installed on it.

The technological complex works as follows.

The source material (coal) is fed to the installation of the classification of the initial product 1, the upper product of which is fed to the drying unit 2 for drying, and the lower one serves as fuel for the heat generator 4. An air stream is used to blow the air from the blower fan 6 to blow the air. where the combustion of small classes of coal takes place. The combustion process in the heat generator is such that there is practically no oxygen in the resulting hot gases, as a result, the hot gases are inert. Combustion products - ash and slag, are extracted from the heat generator using an ash removal system. The hot inert gas stream obtained as a result of the combustion process with a temperature of 800-1000 ° C is sent to the mixer, where the temperature of the gas stream decreases to 120 ÷ 170 ° C (no volatile substances are released at this temperature), by mixing the exhaust gas stream with lower temperature (70-90 ° C). After the mixer, an inert drying agent with the required temperature is fed through a smoke exhauster to the drying unit, where classified coal (the top product from the classification unit) is dried, due to the inert gas losing its heat and cooling in the drying unit to a temperature of 70 ÷ 90 ° C. As a result of heating of coal, it is dried, that is, moisture is removed with its transfer to a gaseous state. At the same time, so that there is no suction of external air into the exhaust gas stream, the pressure in the exhaust gas stream exhaust system exceeds atmospheric. Using the exhaust smoke exhauster 9, part of the exhaust gas stream is removed through the chimney 12, and the other part is fed into the mixer. The flow rate of exhaust gases sent to the mixer is controlled by the flow regulator 11. To eliminate “smoke” in the operating area of the drying unit, a vacuum is created in its aspiration system. In this case, the resulting aspiration flow, through the exhaust pipe of the drying unit, is supplied by the fan to the heat generator as blast air.

Claims (1)

Technological complex for drying coals with a high yield of volatile substances, mainly brown, including a drying unit with paths for supplying raw coal and unloading the finished product, systems for supplying an inert drying agent and exhaust gas flow with exhaust fans, air heater for producing a hot inert gas agent, characterized in that a heat generator with an initial fuel hopper, a blower fan and a hot mixer is used as a heater for an inert drying agent of inert and exhaust gas flows, the complex is additionally equipped with an installation for classifying the source coal by size, the discharge line of the upper product of which is technologically connected with the coal supply system to the drying unit, and the discharge line of the lower product - with the feed hopper of the heat generator, in addition, the drying unit equipped with an aspiration system, the exhaust pipe of which is hydraulically connected to the inlet of the blower fan, and the exhaust gas flow exhaust system is equipped with olnitelnym flue mounted with a flow control valve and the chimney.

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