RU1825610C - Composition for stimulating growth of potato plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The composition contains a set of microelement complexonates: molybdenum, boron, zinc, cobalt, magnesium, with ethylenediamine-M, N-di-succinic acid as complexon, at a concentration of 0.05-0.1 wt.% Each and water. The mixture exhibits a synergistic effect, increases yield, starch content in tubers. 9 tab.

Description

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The invention relates to chemicals that affect plant life processes and can be used in agriculture, in particular for optimizing the physiological processes of potatoes.

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of potatoes and the quality of tubers.

This goal is achieved by the use of metal complexonates based on dicarboxylic acids contained in plants.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the composition for regulating the growth and development of potatoes, including biologically active compounds of metals and water, characterized in that in order to increase the productivity and quality of tubers, as

the biologically active substance contains ethylene diamine-N, NI-di-succinic acid complexonates with molybdenum, zinc, manganese, cobalt, boron, magnesium at a concentration of 0.05-0.1 wt.% of each complexonate taken 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 volume ratio:

MoEDDYAK0.05-0.1

MPEDDYAK0.05-0.1

2p PEDDYAK0.05-0.1

SoEDDYAK0.05-0.1

VEDDYAK0.05-0.1

MDEDYAK0.05-0.1

Water Else

An important distinguishing feature of complexonates derived from dicarboxylic acids is that their structural components (ethylene, amines, succinic acid) are contained in plants and are

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natural regulators of metabolism. An additional search showed that metal complexonates with EDC are easily absorbed by plants, decompose in cells into amino acids and succinate, which are involved in metabolism and are completely metabolized in energy exchange processes. An equally important feature of the composition of EDDYAC complexes is that they have a complex integrative effect: they optimize physiological processes, increase productivity and improve the quality of tubers.

The proposed composition was tested in the cultivation of both varietal and varietal potatoes under production conditions during 1988-1990. The soil is black loamy loamy soil. The content of the basic elements of nutrition corresponded to the needs of the culture and amounted to: humus 3.0; K20 2.31-2.31-1.51; P20s 0.08-0.2; Re Oz is 3.9–4.6% of dry matter. The experiments were based on randomized repetition. The area of each experimental business is 50 m2. Analyzes of physiological processes (water exchange, permeability, protoplasm, degree of drought tolerance) were carried out by generally accepted methods. Harvest was taken into account by the continuous method. Tuber starch content was determined polarimetrically; dry matter - by drying at a temperature of + 105 ° C to a constant mass. The results are processed by methods of variation statistics.

Examples of specific performance:

Experience 1. Determination of optimal ratios of EDDYK complexonates for increasing potato productivity (vegetation period 1988).

Schemes of experiment: I variant - control, plants without treatment; II option - MoED-DYAK; III - MpEDDYAK; IV - SoEDDYAK; V - VEDAK; IV - MDEDYAK; VII - 2pEDDYAK; VIII - 2 NTA (-composition containing complexates with all the above metals); IX-2 EDTA (prototype); X-2 EDDYAK. The plants were treated according to the generally accepted technique by spraying the leaf apparatus (until completely wettable) with aqueous solutions containing 0.05; May 0.1 and 0.3. % of each complexate. Plants in VIN-X variants were treated with multicomponent combinations of the initial (0.05, 0.1 and 0.3 wt%) solutions of individual complexonates, taken in the ratio 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1. The first treatment was carried out in the phase of the beginning of budding; the second during mass flowering of plants. Norm

flow rate - 10 l of solution for each experimental run. Therefore, the dose of complexonate per 1 m2 was: when sprayed with 0.05% solutions - 0.1 g; -0.1%

solutions - 0.2 g / m2; when using 0.3% solutions, 0.6 g of complexonates per 1 m2 of the experimental plot. The results are presented in table. 1-3.

The research results indicate a significant effect of metal complexonates on potato productivity. As can be seen from the table. 1, plants were characterized by maximum productivity

VIII-X options - treated with a mixture of complexonates NTA, EDTA and EDDYAK during the growing season, plants treated with an aqueous solution of individual

complexonates. The harvest of tubers in option 2 NTA amounted to 102-120; 2EDTA - 106-118; EDDYAK - 133-143% of the yield of control, untreated plants. The greatest increase in tuber yield was provided, as a rule, after treatment of plants with 0.1% solutions of complex compounds. The use of more concentrated solutions led to a significant increase

productivity in comparison with control untreated plants, but it was less economical in comparison with the use of 0.1% solutions. The exception was options

5 MpEDDYAK and 2pEDDYAK. The first favorably affects the accumulation of the economically useful part of the crop at a concentration of 0.3%. When spraying the leaf apparatus of plants 0.1 and, especially

0 0.3% VEDDYAK solutions, there was a decrease in tuber yield. An increase in productivity was noted only with the use of a 0.05% solution of this complexonate. A similar was discovered and

5 when applying 2pEDDYAK.

A comparative analysis of the results of the use of individual metal complexonates showed that CoEDDAC, which provided

0 the largest increase in yield - 38.2-39.1 c / ha (Table 1).

Consequently, spraying the leaf apparatus of plants with metal complexonates causes an increase

5 crop yields; the range of optimal concentrations is between 0.05 and 0.1%; in comparison with traditional complexonates - NTA, EDTA (prototype) - metal complexonates with ethylenediamine-N, N-di-succinic acid are the most effective; a significant increase in productivity is achieved when not complex complexes are used, but when the multicomponent equimolecular combination of Mo, Mn, Co, B, Zn, Mg complexonates with ethylenediamine-M, M1-succinic acid is combined. The high efficiency of the multicomponent combination of the com ponents MoEDDYAK, MpEDDYAK, MdEDDYAK, VED-DYAK, 2pEDDYAK and SoEDDYAK in comparison with the effectiveness of each individual complexonate is also justified by the results of determining the solids and starch content in tubers and 4 experimental plants (Table 3). )

When spraying potato plants with a mixture of complexonates, in contrast to their separate application, the solids content of the tubers increases. The same peculiarity was also established by the starch content. Tubers of plants treated with the proposed composition contained 1.0-1.5% more starch than tubers of control plants and 0.5-0.7% more than tubers of plants processed according to the prototype. High solids and starch potato tubers are undoubtedly of great nutritional value. Thus, the combined use of Mo, Zn, Mn, B, Mg, Co complexonates with EDDAC has a greater effect on potato productivity and tuber quality than their separate use.

As can be seen from the above data, the proposed tool is more effective than known.

Experience 2. The effect of dose on the effectiveness of plant treatment.

Investigated the action of 0.1; 0.3 and 0.5% solutions of nitrilotriacetic, ethylenediaminetetraacetic and ethylenediamine N, N -disuccinic acids Mo, Mn, B, Co, Zn, Mg for growth, physiological processes and potato harvest.

Schemes of experience: I - control, without treatment; II- 2NTA; III -2EDTA; IV-2 EDDYAK.

The ratio of complexonates in each composition was 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 volume parts. Plants were sprayed at the beginning of budding and during the mass flowering of plants. The consumption rate is 5 l per 1 spraying of each experimental plot (S 50 m). Therefore, the dose of complexonates per 1 m2 when using 0.1% solutions was 0.1 „0.3% solutions - 6.3 g and 0.5% solutions - 0.05 g m. In total, for the vegetation period the plants received: 0.2 g of complexonates per 1 m2 using 0.1% solutions; 0.6 rm when applied

0.3% solutions and 1.0 when using 0.5% complexonates.

The results showed that metal complexonates, both traditional and newly synthesized, have a significant beneficial effect on the physiological state, growth and productivity of potatoes.

In many cases, especially in areas with limited water supply, water exchange is a critical factor in determining tuber yield. We found that the water content of leaves after spraying with complexonates was slightly but significantly increased, despite the fact that the plants were grown under irrigation conditions. More hydrated were plants treated with a mixture of 0.1 and 0.5% EDDYC complexonates 2 (Table 6).

From the data in Table 6 it follows that the complexonates of metals derived from succinic acid have a significant effect on the water content of potato leaves during the growing season, which may be of value when growing plants under conditions of intense water regime. Differences in the arithmetic mean are significant both between the experimental (2EDYAK) and the control variant, and between the experimental (2EDYAK) plants and plants treated with other complexonates. The plants with 2 EDEDYAK at a dose of 0.6 g / m2 were distinguished by the best water regime. and only when treating plants with EDTA complexonates 2 at a dose of 1.0, differences in the degree of leaf water content are not significant. Therefore, in order to achieve the same effect of EDDTA, it is necessary to apply a larger amount per unit area occupied by plants than when using EDDTA.

As is known, potatoes are notable for a significant transpiration rate, which, with insufficient water supply, can be a factor limiting photosynthesis. It is very important to maintain high photosynthesis productivity under conditions of moderate deficiency is to reduce transpiration loss of water not by closing stomata, but by increasing protoplasm water holding forces. From the data obtained it follows that the new metal complexonates contribute to a reduction in the consumption of water for transpiration (Table 7).

From the data presented it follows that metal chelates contribute to a reduction in water consumption for transpiration.

When plants are treated with metal compounds with ZHTA, transpiration suppression occurs only when solutions are used in a concentration of 0.1% at a dose of 0.2 g / m; the use of large doses does not contribute to the regulation of water flow rate by plants. EDTA complex compounds affect the transpiration of plants the greater, the higher the concentration. Significant differences in the degree of influence of traditional and new metal complexonates on the transpiration rate of plants were established in the variants where the dose of complexonates was 0.6 g per square meter.

Analysis of the solids content in the tubers of plants at the time of harvesting showed their high content in the experimental versions (Table 9). As can be seen from Table 8, the high content of solids was characterized by tubers of plants treated during the growing season with complex compounds 2 EDTA and especially 2ED-DYAK. The experimental plants were also distinguished by a high starch content in tubers (Table 9).

Tubers of plants were characterized by an increased starch content, the conversion of metal complexonates to potato productivity (t / ha)

botanical multicomponent combination of EDTA and especially, 2 EDDYAK. The output of gross starch in these options was 35.3-38.8 kg / ha, respectively. The starch increase in comparison with the control was 17.52 and 21.0 kg / ha, respectively. Therefore, the proposed tool is more effective than known.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Composition for Stimulating Development potato plants, including micronutrient complexates and water, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity and quality of tubers, as micronutrient complexonates, the composition contains molybdenum, boron, zinc, manganese, cobalt and magnesium complexonates with ethylene diamine - N, N - succinic acid (EDDYAK) in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 with the following ratio of components, wt.%: MoEDDYAK 0.05-0.10 VEDDYAK0.05-0.10 MPEDDYAK0.05-0.10 ENPEDAC 0.05-0.10 SoEDDYAK0.05-0.10 MDEDYAK0.05-0.10 Water Else Table 1 tst - at v 8 / 2.31 - 3.17 - 4.59 /; tdi — significance of the difference between the experimental and control variants; td2 - significance of differences between experimental options and EDTA; td3 - significance of differences between the experimental options and NTA. table 2 The dependence of the productivity of potatoes on the treatment of plants with metal complexonates (kg / ha). 1988 experience control variants; td2 - significance of differences between experimental variants and EDTA; tb - significance of differences between the experimental options and NTA. Continuation of the table. 1 The solids content in the tubers of potatoes treated with metal chelates (g per 100 g wet weight).  1st- at v 8 (2,31-3,17-4,59); tdi - reliability of the difference between the experimental and control options; td2 - significance of differences between experimental options and EDTA; Ida significance of differences between experimental options and NTA. Table 3 Table 4 The effect of spraying leaves with biologically active metal complexonates on the yield of starch per unit area (c / ha). tst - at v 8 (2.31-3.17 - 4.59); tdi - reliability of the difference between the experimental and control options; td2 - significance of differences between experimental options and EDTA; td3 - significance of differences between the experimental options and NTA. The effect of spraying leaves with biologically active metal complexonates on the starch content (% on the fresh weight of tubers) and its output per unit area (t / ha) (L Table 6 The water content of potato leaves (g per 100 g wet weight) after spraying with a mixture of various metal complexonates. Table 7 pl Change in transpiration intensity (mg-dm - h) under the influence of plant treatment metal complexates tst at v 18 (2.1 - 2.88 - 3.92); - reliability of the difference between the experimental (2 EDYAK) and control: - between the experimental (2 EDYAK) and 2 EDTA; - the significance of the difference between the experimental (EDEDYAK) variant and plants treated with 2NTA. The effect of the new composition of metal complexonates, derivatives of succinic acid, on the solids and starch content in potato tubers (% to fresh weight). Experience 1990  The designations are the same as in table 7. Table 9 The effect of metal complexonates on starch content (% by weight) in tubers potatoes