RU182477U1 - ELECTRIC HYDRAULIC DRILL HEAD - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of rock destruction by electric impulse discharges and can be used in mining during mining, as well as in construction during drilling of wells to create various underground structures. The electro-hydraulic drill head contains an annular body with channels for the flow of flushing fluid and cutters evenly spaced around the circumference of the lower end of the body, two electrodes, each electrode made in the form of a round metal rod mounted on an insulating partition, the electrodes being connected to outputs of opposite polarity of the generator electrical pulses, characterized in that the ends of the electrodes are 5-30 mm away from the bottom surface of the well, while the electrodes are fixed They are fixed to the insulating partition using nuts, and the drill head is also equipped with two neodymium magnets mounted on its inner surface so that the planes of the opposite magnet poles are directed towards each other, lie at the level of the electrodes and are parallel to the section plane through the axis of the electrodes, while the electrodes connected to the terminals of the electric pulse generator so that when interacting with the magnetic field of the magnets, the deflection force of the discharge channel of the current pulse is directed toward the surface STI downhole. The application of the proposed design of an electro-hydraulic drill head enables the rock to be crushed by a high-voltage discharge without touching the rock surface with electrodes, significantly simplifies the drill head design, makes it possible to replace expensive flushing fluid of high electrical resistance with a fluid with low electrical strength, such as water, and increases the impact of high-voltage discharge per rock, which speeds up the speed of drilling. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of rock destruction by electric impulse discharges and can be used in mining during mining, as well as in construction during drilling of wells to create various underground structures.

A known method of destruction of rocks, designed for drilling wells by electric pulse discharges (Great Soviet Encyclopedia. M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1978, v. 30, p. 58). In this method, a drill is installed on the rock in the well in the form of a grounded pipe inside which a rotating high-voltage electrode is placed, then it is flushed with a liquid (diesel fuel, transformer oil, etc.), the electric strength of which exceeds the electric strength of the rock, and after high voltage pulses are fed to the internal current lead, which leads to the destruction of the rock.

Known electro-hydraulic drill head, RU 2026990 C1 publ. 20. 01. 1995, consisting of a hollow cylindrical body with a conical end, inside which is placed rotatably a dielectric holder with electrodes and a shaper connected to the power source via an electric armored flexible cable.

Known electric pulse drill, RU 2283937 C2 publ. 09/20/2006, consisting of a drill body and a drill bit, in the longitudinal slots of which high-voltage current conductors and electrodes are strengthened with an insulator, the drill body connected to a rotation unit having its on and off unit, and also the drill bit is equipped with a movable electrode, protruding from the end face of this crown below another electrode, the first in the direction of rotation, and the limiter of movement of the movable electrode, made removable to limit movement of various lengths.

The disadvantages of the known drill heads is their low efficiency, due to the fact that the design of the heads does not guarantee the passage of the channel of the high voltage discharge over the rock surface, which reduces the impact of the discharge on the rock.

Studies of rock destruction have shown that crushing and rock detachment occurs under the channel of electrical breakdown passing over the surface of the rock (Bazhov V.F., Semkin B.V., Adam A.M. Optimization of electropulse fracture of rocks and artificial materials // Izvestiya Higher educational institutions "Physics." - 1996. - No. 4. - S. 106-109). In order to displace the breakdown channel of the high-voltage discharge, flushing fluid is supplied to the rock surface in the drilling zone. At the same time, “the liquid used must meet the special requirements for its composition. In order to be able to impact, the bottom of the well must be filled with a dielectric, which can, for example, be oil or diesel fuel ”(Electropulse well drilling. Http://rosprombur.ru/elektroimpulsnoe-burenie-skvazhin.html). The irregularity of the profile of the treated rock surface, the presence in the breakdown zone of dispersed rock fragments and groundwater, and poor-quality flushing fluid create conditions for the passage of part of the discharge through the flushing fluid, which reduces the effectiveness of the effect of an electric discharge on the rock.

The closest technical solution to the claimed utility model and selected for the prototype is an electro-hydraulic drill head described in the patent of the invention “Drilling method, a drilling machine, a drill head and the equipment of the bottom of the drill string for drilling using electrical discharge pulses” RU 2 393 319 C2 publ. 06/16/2005, which contains an annular body with channels for the flow of washing liquid and cutters, two electrodes evenly spaced around the circumference of the lower end of the body, each electrode being made in the form of a round metal rod and attached to the insulating partition using a mechanical device that provides the contact of the electrode end with the surface of the bottom of the well, moreover, the electrodes are connected to the outputs of the opposite polarity of the electric pulse generator.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the ability to pass part of the electric discharge through the flushing fluid without destroying the rock, which leads to a slowdown in the drilling process, as well as the complex mounting of the electrodes and wear of the ends of the electrodes when drilling.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the drilling speed.

This goal is achieved in that the electro-hydraulic drill head contains an annular body with channels for the flow of flushing fluid and cutters, evenly spaced around the circumference of the lower end of the body, two electrodes, while each electrode is made in the form of a round metal rod mounted on an insulating partition, and , the electrodes are connected to the outputs of opposite polarity of the electric pulse generator, while the ends of the electrodes are 5-30 mm from the bottom of the well bottom, p At the same time, the electrodes are fixed to the insulating partition motionlessly using nuts, the drill head is also equipped with two neodymium magnets mounted on its inner surface so that the planes of the opposite poles of the magnets are directed towards each other, lie at the level of the electrodes and are parallel to the section plane through the axes electrodes, while the electrodes are connected to the terminals of the electric pulse generator so that when interacting with the magnetic field of the magnets, the deflection channel of the discharge channel of the current pulse directed towards the bottom surface of the well.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings. In FIG. 1 shows a section through an electro-hydraulic drill head; FIG. 2 - view A of the drill head.

The electro-hydraulic drill head contains an annular body 1 with channels 2 for the flow of flushing fluid and mounted on the lower end of the housing 1 and cutters evenly distributed around the circumference of the housing 1. Two electrodes 4 are installed inside the housing 1, the ends of which are separated by a distance d = from the bottom face of the well 5 - 30 mm and fixed motionless with nuts 5 on the insulating partition 6. The electrodes 4 are connected to the outputs of the opposite polarity of the electric pulse generator (the generator in the drawing does not azan). Inside the drill head 1, on its inner surface, neodymium magnets 7 are fixed (ultra-strong magnets, see Neodymium magnets. Http://supermagnit174.info/neodimovye-magnity). The planes of the opposite poles of the magnets are directed towards each other at the level of the electrodes 4 and are parallel to the sectional plane through the axis of the electrodes 4.

Preparing the electro-hydraulic drill head for work.

When installing neodymium magnets 7 in the drill head, the opposite poles of two neodymium magnets are determined, for example, using a compass or another magnet, and they are fixed in the head housing 1 opposite each other with opposite poles according to the proposed utility model.

The determination of the polarity of the connection of the electrodes 4 to the electric pulse generator is carried out on a fully assembled head in the following sequence:

- to the electrodes 4, through the limiting resistance, connect the outputs of a low-voltage DC source;

- electrodes 4 are interconnected by a flexible wire;

- turn on the direct current source, and if the wire is drawn into the head housing 1, then the polarity of the connection is changed at the direct current source and the wire should be extruded from the head;

- the polarity of the connection of the electrodes 4 to the electric pulse generator must correspond to the polarity of the DC source.

Electro-hydraulic drill head works as follows.

The drill rod with the drill head is lowered down until the cutters of the drill head touch the ground. Turn on the rotation of the bar. Through channels 2 of the housing 1 to the treated area of the rock serves washing fluid. At the same time turn on the electric pulse generator. Between the electrodes 4 there is an electrical discharge. The magnetic field created by magnets 7 interacts with the pulse discharge current and forces the discharge channel to be pressed against the surface profile, which determines the maximum destructive effect of the current pulse on the soil. Cutters 3 cut the rock from the periphery. Formed drill cuttings are removed from the drilling zone. Make a continuous feed of the drill head down.

The essence of the utility model. “A magnetic field is a special type of matter, a specific feature of which is the action on a moving electric charge” (Electric current and magnetic field, https: /// https: //studwood.ru/1638796/matematika_himiya_fizika/elektricheskiy_magnitnoe_pole).

“When a transverse magnetic field is applied to a positive pole, the electrodynamic forces arising in it press the discharge against the wall” (Discharge in a magnetic field. Http://www.metods-rgrtu.ru/index.php/mets3400-3499/264-3407 ? start = 1).

According to the proposed utility model, the installation of neodymium magnets (magnetic induction up to 1.25 Tc) in the drill head creates a strong magnetic field, which, acting on the current pulse, presses its propagation channel along the rock surface profile, which leads to the maximum effect of the current pulse on the rock and increases drilling speed.

The application of the proposed design of an electro-hydraulic drill head allows the rock to be crushed by a high-voltage discharge without touching the rock surface with electrodes, greatly simplifies the drill head design, makes it possible to replace expensive flushing fluid of high electrical resistance with a fluid with low electrical strength, such as water, and increases the impact of high-voltage discharge per rock, which speeds up the speed of drilling.

Claims (1)

An electro-hydraulic drill head containing an annular body with channels for the flow of flushing fluid and cutters evenly spaced around the circumference of the lower end of the body, two electrodes, each electrode made in the form of a round metal rod mounted on an insulating partition, the electrodes being connected to outputs of opposite polarity generator of electrical pulses, while the ends of the electrodes are 5-30 mm away from the bottom surface of the well, while the electrodes are fixed to the insulator the ion wall is stationary using nuts, the drill head is also equipped with two neodymium magnets mounted on its inner surface so that the planes of the opposite poles of the magnets are directed towards each other, lie at the level of the electrodes and are parallel to the section plane through the axis of the electrodes, while the electrodes are connected to the conclusions of the generator of electrical pulses so that when interacting with the magnetic field of magnets, the deflection force of the discharge channel of the current pulse is directed toward the face wells.

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