RU1804285C - Cutting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the construction of cutting apparatus for mowers and reapers. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of cutting. To solve this problem, movable 1 and fixed 2 and 3 knives are provided with notched teeth. In this case, the fixed knives 2 and 3 are fixed on the beam 4, movable 1 - on the rail 5, and each fixed knife 3 is mounted on the skid x. The protrusions of the cutting edges of the movable knives 1 coincide with the interdental spaces of the fixed knives 2 and 3. 6 ill.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for cutting the stem mass of plants.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the harvest by increasing productivity, reducing grain losses, increasing reliability in operation, as well as improving the cutting conditions of dead and tangled stems.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the header from above; in FIG. 2 - the same side view; in FIG. 3 - the position of the movable knives on the rail; in FIG. 4 - the position of the knives-dividers and fixed knives on the timber; in FIG. 5 - cutting apparatus at the time of cutting stems; in FIG. 6 is the same side view.

The header consists of a cutting apparatus, a feed screw member and a header body.

The cutting apparatus consists of sets of movable knives 1 and fixed knives 2, having the shape of an isosceles triangle with a notch of the sides of different geometries, and knives-dividers 3 with parallel cutting edges similar to the cutting edges of stationary triangles, knives 2, which are their vertices in the cutting zone divide the stems into two rows. Knives-dividers 3 mounted on the skid x 16, as well as fixed triangular knives 2, are mounted on the bar 4 of the header. The movable knives 1 are mounted on a rail 5 having a reciprocating movement from the crank mechanism 18. The feeding device is made in the form of a screw member mounted above the cutting apparatus, fixed in the bearing bearings 6 by means of the necks 7 on the header bed 8. The screw member is made in the form flat spiral turns 9, the inner edge of which is located in the immediate vicinity of the rotation axis of the helical organ, and the outer edge, in the area of the cutting apparatus, propels the delivered stem mass along cutting edges, followed by transporting the cut stems along the chute 10 for discharge into the window 19 to form a roll. The lateral surface of the coils 9 is equipped with pressing half-coils 11 located along the outer edge of the coils 9, one end of the half-coiling being fixed at the edge of the outer edge and the second end bent towards the movement of the stem mass, in addition, at least one pressing half turn. To increase the rigidity of the screw organ, the flat turns 9 are provided with a fixed in the middle

their parts are spiral-shaped frame 12 made, for example, of pipes. A screw member through one of the necks 7 is rigidly connected to the driven sprocket 13, which

a drive belt (chain) 14 is connected to the variator 15, mounted on the shaft 17.

Header operation begins with the movement of a drive machine, such as a combine. At this time, a helical member is rotated through the controls with a rotation speed exceeding the speed of the header, which captures in turns 9 and feeds the stem mass to the cutting device. And in the case of lodging and

entanglement of the stem mass, the tops of the divider knives 3 work as stem lifters. Reliable capture and supply of stems to the cutting apparatus is facilitated by pressing half-coils 11, fixed

at the outer edge of the turns 9 of the screw member, and at least one half-turn 11 is placed in the area of one step 11. The stem mass fed to the cutting apparatus undergoes a longitudinal-transverse section in the interaction of the cutting apparatus with the screw member. The continuation of the parallel cutting edges of the knife-dividers 3 forms at the apex an acute angle dividing the stems into two rows, which

go into the gaps between the fixed knives of a triangular shape 2 and the knives-dividers 3, are compacted and cut, after which the cut stem mass is transported along the chute 10 towards the discharge window 19 to form a roll.

The proposed header design can significantly increase efficiency by increasing productivity

reaping work. This is achieved by the proposed improved design of the cutting apparatus with the simultaneous use of a helical organ and a cutting apparatus, helping to accelerate the process of cutting the stem mass and shorten the harvest time. And the use of spiral-shaped flat turns as the feeding organ instead of the sectional-planar feeding of the stems to the cutting apparatus eliminates beating

ears and significantly reduces grain loss. The proposed header is reliable in operation and does not require large operating costs for maintenance and repair. In addition, the metal consumption is significantly reduced due to the fact that a number of components and parts traditional for harvesters are excluded, for example, a reel, metal-intensive screw or conveyor, screw variator, etc.

In addition, the simplicity of the header design makes it possible to manufacture it in small agricultural mechanical enterprises.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A cutting apparatus comprising movable and fixed knives with cutting elements, pinch fingers, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of cutting, the cutting elements of the movable and fixed knives are provided with a serrated notch, with the vertices of the corresponding teeth of the stationary cutting elements being located on one a straight line, and the corresponding tips of the teeth of the movable cutting elements are also located on one straight line lying between the lines of the vertices of the teeth of the stationary cutting elements. Fig.Z Figl