RU1779276C - Drilling bit - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: drilling wells. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a chisel comprises a housing 1 (see FIG. 1) with cones 3. A pipe 4 is placed in the central channel of the housing 1 with a cavity 6 tapering downward and side channels 8 directed into the inter-conical space. A cavity 9 is made at the lower end of the nozzle 6, and drainage channels are made in the form of grooves 10 at a lateral surface, displaced from the lower end by at least 1/3 of the length of the cavity 9. fcJ Ј V | V | About VI About OJ

Description

Figure 1

The invention relates to the field of mining and, in particular, to a rock cutting tool.

Known drill bits containing a housing with a Central channel and paws with trunnions on which the cones are located.

A disadvantage of the known bits is low productivity due to the creation of a significant hydrodynamic pressure of the flushing fluid flow in the center of the bottom, which prevents the particles of the sludge from tearing away from the bottom, and due to the drilling of which there is a decrease in the mechanical drilling speed and increased wear of the rock cutting tool.

A drill bit is also known, comprising a housing with cones, a central flushing channel, with inclined channels communicated thereto, directed into the inter-cone space, with branch channels communicated with inclined channels, and with a cavity open to the cones.

The disadvantages of the known devices are the complexity of the design and low-tech manufacturing, which consists in the fact that the implementation of inclined channels in a limited space of buildings is time-consuming.

The aim of the invention is to increase manufacturability and simplify the design.

This goal is achieved in that the known drill bit containing a housing with cones, a central flushing channel, with inclined channels communicated thereto, directed into the inter-cone space, with branch channels communicating with inclined channels, and with a deaf cavity open to the cones a nozzle with an inner cavity tapering downward, installed in the central flushing channel, and inclined channels and a blind central cavity are made in the lower part of the nozzle, on the outer surface of which th branch ducts are designed as grooves; grooves are made at a distance from the lower end of at least 1/3 of the length of the blind central cavity. The use of a nozzle with central and inclined channels makes it possible to simplify the design of the bit, to ensure its quick disconnect and ease of manufacture.

Figure 1 shows the proposed drill bit, side view, longitudinal section; see 2 view Anafig, 1; nafig.Z-view of BB in Fig.4; Fig. 4 is a flow diagram of flushing fluid jets.

The bit contains a housing 1 with paws 2 and cones 3. In the central washing channel of the housing 1 there is a washing unit in the form of a removable nozzle 4 with a shoulder 5, with

by means of which the pipe 4 is fixed in a predetermined position on the end surface of the housing 1. The internal cavity 6 of the pipe 4 is conical, tapering downward. In the lower part of the pipe 4, the cavity b passes into a cylindrical section 7, in the bottom of which inclined channels 8 are made, directed into the inter-cone space. The total cross-sectional area of the inclined channels 8, made 5 slit-like, is equal to the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical section 7 of the pipe 4. At the end of the lower part of the pipe 4 is made, blind, the central cavity 9 is open to the cones 2, and the outlet channels are in the form of

0 circular not connected to each other grooves 10 located at a distance from the lower end of at least 1/3 of the length of the blind central cavity 9. The inclined channels 8 below the grooves 10 are made extending 5 downwards.

The principle of operation of the bit is as follows.

The removability of the nozzle 4 provides access to the inclined 8 and outlet channels 10, their blind central cavity 9. During drilling, flushing fluid is pumped through the nozzle 4 located in the central flushing channel of the drill bit body 1, the flow of which is compressed in the cylindrical section 7 of the conical cavities 6, as a result of which pressure zones are created in the cavities 9 and the grooves 10 in communication with each other. The resulting effect

0 ejection facilitates the outflow of part of the liquid with the sludge into the space above the paws 2, from where the sludge is transported to the surface by an upward flow of washing liquid. As a result, they improve.

5 conditions for cleaning the bottom of the sludge and increases the mechanical drilling speed. In addition, small particles of sludge and sand entering through the cavity 9 and grooves 10 in the stream of the main fluid flows flowing from

0 inclined channels 8, abrasively affect the bottom of the well, contributing to the destruction of rocks. The edge of the plates of the pipe 4, formed between its lower end and the grooves 10, when the jets

5 flushing fluid generates a hydroacoustic field in the bottomhole zone and pulsating flushing fluid flows, which are based on pulsations generated by mud pumps.

The hydro-acoustic field and pulsating fluid flows increase the efficiency of destruction by rock cones 3 of the rocks composing the bottom of the well. The direction of the channels 8 to the bottom of the well between the cones 3 prevents the dispersion of the energy of the jets of the washing fluid.

Claims (2)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A drill bit comprising a casing with cones, a central flushing channel with inclined channels connected thereto, directed into the inter-cone space, outlet channels communicating with inclined channels, and with View 5 a hollow cavity open to cones, characterized in that, in order to increase the manufacturability and simplify the design, it is equipped with a nozzle with an inner cavity narrowing to the bottom, installed in the central washing channel, the inclined channels and the blind central cavity being located in the lower part of the nozzle, on the outer surface of which drain channels are made in the form of grooves. 2. The bit according to claim 1. characterized in that the grooves on the nozzle are made at a distance from the lower end of at least 1/3 of the length of the blind central cavity. FIG. 2 .6-6 I FIG. 3 FIG. 4