RU175267U1 - MILITARY FORTIFICATION STRUCTURE FOR THE POLAR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of military affairs, and more specifically to military fortifications used in harsh climatic conditions, at critically low outdoor temperatures, high wind speeds and large snowfalls, in order to increase the level of protection and provide comfort for combat work and recreation of personnel performing tasks in the Arctic war zone. The novelty of the proposed technical device is that it is made of unified multilayer flat-panel panels of walls, floors and floors of industrial manufacture, including external and internal sheets with stiffeners made of high-strength composite material and a layer of insulation located inside the panels, assembled together in enlarged volumetric blocks of the core and through-hole, by means of connecting elements with gaskets, from their outer sides an additional heat-insulating layer of foam glass or other heat-insulating material with a coefficient of heat conductivity from 0.045 to 0.052 W / m⋅ ° С and compressive strength from 1.5 to 1.6 MPa. It is established by calculations that the proposed military fortification structure for the Arctic according to the main criterion for assessing "application efficiency - cost and feasibility" has performance is approximately 2-3 times higher compared to well-known technical solutions.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of military affairs, and more specifically to military fortifications used in harsh climatic conditions, at critically low outdoor temperatures, high wind speeds and large snowfalls, in order to increase the level of protection and comfort for combat work and recreation personnel performing tasks in the Arctic war zone.

The device “Fortification construction of container type” is known, its analogue (RF Patent for utility model FSUE “15 Central Research Institute named after DM Karbyshev” of the RF Ministry of Defense No. 61323 dated February 27, 2007, IPC E04H 9/00, published February 27, 2007 Bul. No. 6), which consists of three types of solid frame-panel modules-containers with a flexible bottom of a cellular structure, interconnected into one hermetic shelter by means of sliding wedge-shaped shoes and coupling bolts with sealing docking devices, fixed along the contour of the side walls , while it provided three quick plug (panel) and protective and airtight doors, as well as elements of interior equipment and life support systems with special docking connectors.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the use of this design in conditions of critically low outdoor temperature and high ice wind speeds, which make it difficult to achieve a favorable temperature and humidity microclimate inside the building for combat work and recreation of personnel, as well as the need to perform a large amount of additional work in connection with lack of an effective heat-shielding layer in the construction structure.

Also known is the "Prefabricated reinforced concrete structure UFS-9", a prototype (Textbook "Military fortifications. Part 1. Design and use of military fortifications", M ..., VIA, 1997, 230 p.), Consisting of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements of the skeleton of the main room, entrance and soil debris.

The disadvantages of this device are low performance, mainly due to the large heat loss of reinforced concrete structures and the high complexity of the construction, the large weight of the elements that impede delivery and installation, as well as the need for additional work to install a significant amount of heat-insulating material to protect the surfaces of the structure from low temperature.

The objectives of the proposed technical device are to enable the construction of military fortifications based on permafrost soils in the Arctic zone, increase operational characteristics by reducing heat loss through building envelopes, improve transportability, reduce the complexity of the construction and cost of the necessary heat-insulating materials, and achieve the possibility of providing in a short time favorable for combat work and recreation personnel micro climate, as well as reducing the total weight of both the structure itself and individual elements, allowing loading and unloading and assembly of the structure without the use of mechanization.

To solve the tasks, a military-made fortification structure of industrial manufacture from unified multilayer heat-insulating panels of walls, floors and floors, including external and internal sheets with stiffeners made of high-strength composite material, and an effective layer of insulation located between them, assembled together volumetric block structures for various purposes at the construction site by means of connecting elements with sealing isolates uyuschimi spacers, and with their outer sides, an additional insulating layer of foamed glass or other heat-insulating material having a thermal conductivity of 0.045 to 0.052 W / m⋅ ° C and a compressive strength of 1.5 to 1.6 MPa.

The essence of the proposed utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict: in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the erected military fortifications in the conditions of the Arctic; in FIG. 2 shows a construction plan; in FIG. 3 and 4 show, respectively, transverse and longitudinal sections of the structure erected in the conditions of the Arctic; in FIG. 5 and 6 show, respectively, general views of the main volumetric blocks of the skeleton and the aisle entrance to the structure; in FIG. 7 shows the nodes of the assembly of panels between themselves in volumetric blocks.

The claimed military fortification structure for the Arctic (Fig. 1-7), consisting of elements of the skeleton of the main room, entrance and soil sprinkling, characterized in that it is made of standardized multilayer heat-insulating panels of walls 1, floor 2 and floors 3 of industrial production, including external 4 and inner 5 sheets with stiffeners 6 of high-strength composite material and a layer of insulation 7 located inside the panels, assembled together in enlarged volumetric blocks of the skeleton 8 and a through-hole and 9, by means of connecting elements 10 with gaskets 11, and from their outer sides an additional heat-insulating layer of foam glass 12 or other heat-insulating material having a thermal conductivity coefficient from 0.045 to 0.052 W / m⋅ ° С and compressive strength from 1.5 is provided up to 1.6 MPa.

The proposed structure (Fig. 1-7) can be used for fortification equipment of positions and areas of location of troops in the conditions of the Arctic, at critically low outdoor temperatures, strong wind loads and snowfalls. To increase the protective and heat-insulating properties of the structure, it should be covered with local soil 13 with a device on top of, if necessary, a protective mattress of a layered structure made of fiber-reinforced concrete slabs 14. To hide the structure from airborne-based enemy reconnaissance equipment, without the use of personnel camouflage coatings, the mattress on top can sprinkle with a layer of local soil or snow.

The proposed technical solution (Fig. 1-7) is aimed not only at protecting personnel from the calculated means of destruction, but also allows it to take refuge in the building for a long time from adverse environmental and climatic conditions of the Arctic, with the creation of the minimum necessary comfortable conditions for life, work and recreation. This design provides for the possibility of conducting an enlarged assembly of panels into separate volume units in a short time directly at the construction site without the use of mechanization and skilled labor.

To create amenities for the life of personnel inside the building, internal equipment is provided, including furniture (tables, chairs, beds and cabinets), necessary for personnel to fulfill their functional duties in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 120 of April 30, 2004, general exchange filtering with mechanical stimulation, electricity and heating, as well as washbasins and bathrooms.

In order to ensure the necessary level of thermal protection of the structure, in addition to the insulation layer 7 provided inside the structure of the unified multilayer panels of the walls 1, floor 2 and floor 3 (Fig. 5, 6), an additional heat-insulating layer of foam glass 12 is laid on the outside of the blocks (Fig. 3, 7) or other material with an appropriate coefficient of thermal conductivity and high load-bearing capacity.

The proposed construction of the structure provides the convenience of its use to create comfortable living, working and relaxing conditions for personnel in the natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic, when performing combat missions in places of permanent deployment, at military bases and at special forces groupings removed from them under the influence of weapons the enemy. At the same time, the advantage of this type of structure in comparison with the known technical solutions consists in a high degree of heat-insulating and energy-saving properties, in simplicity of construction and relatively low cost, in high transportability, the possibility of erection in permafrost, in a short time, without the use of mechanization.

To assemble the proposed device, first select and prepare a flat area on which the breakdown and designation of the contours of the structure is carried out in accordance with its plan (Fig. 2). After that, a leveling layer 15 is arranged on top of the permanently frozen soil, on which a heat-insulating layer 16 of the base of the structure is laid, including blocks or plates of foam glass. For convenience and safety of the assembly of the structure, a leveling soil layer 17 is arranged on top of the heat-insulating layer 16, on top of which the bulk blocks of the skeleton 8 and the entrance 9 are installed with an aperture 18 (Fig. 3-6), assembled from separate unified panels of the walls 1, floor 2 and floor 3, by means of connecting elements 10 (FIG. 7) with sealing (insulating) gaskets 11 made of polymer insulating materials. To ensure waterproofing, the joints of the panels during enlarged assembly are glued with an additional waterproofing tape manufactured by the industry.

The assembled structure is insulated from the outside by installing an additional heat-insulating layer of foam glass 12 with a total thickness of up to 200 mm (Figs. 1, 3, 4, 7). A heat-insulated structure is sprinkled with local soil 13. To simplify work on the device for sprinkling, bulk type gabions (GST) accepted for supply, which are filled with local soil, can be used. In addition, a protective mattress of a layered structure made of fiber-reinforced concrete slabs 14 is laid on top of the soil or gabions (Figs. 1, 3, 4). At the same time, to hide the structure from enemy reconnaissance equipment, without the use of personnel camouflage coatings, it can be covered up with a small layer of local soil or snow.

The dismantling of the structure for its transportation and subsequent installation at a new place is carried out in the reverse order.

The readiness of the proposed technical device for pilot testing is confirmed by the presence of outline drawings of the military fortification for the Arctic, as well as the possibility of acquiring auxiliary purchased products and materials of domestic production.

Theoretical studies and preliminary calculations show that the proposed military fortification structure for the Arctic according to the main criterion for assessing "application efficiency - cost and feasibility" has indicators that are about 2-3 times higher compared to the known technical solutions.

Claims (1)

A military fortification structure for the Arctic, consisting of elements of the skeleton of the main room, entrance and soil sprinkling, characterized in that it is made of standardized multilayer heat-insulating panels of walls, floors and floors of industrial manufacture, including external and internal sheets with stiffeners made of high-strength composite material and a layer of insulation located inside the panels, assembled together in enlarged volumetric blocks of the core and through-hole, by means of a connecting elements with sealing gaskets, with an additional heat-insulating layer of foam glass or other heat-insulating material having a heat conductivity coefficient from 0.045 to 0.052 W / m⋅ ° C and compressive strength from 1.5 to 1.6 MPa provided on their outer sides.

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