RU172818U1 - DEVICE FOR AUTOMATED ULTRASONIC CONTROL OF SHEET RENT AND PIPES USING SEPARATELY COMBINED ULTRASONIC CONVERTERS - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: for automated ultrasonic testing of sheet metal and pipes. The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the device for automated ultrasonic testing of sheet metal and pipes includes a set of probing pulse generators (GZI), controlled independently by means of a synchronizing device (SU), a set of receiving devices (PU) and at least one group of separately combined ultrasonic transducers (UE) located in one housing or in different buildings, and the piezoelectric generator (GP) of all UE connected to their respective generators probing impu of flies (GZI), controlled independently by means of a synchronizing device, and receiving piezoelectric elements (PP) are connected to their respective receiving devices, and within one ultrasonic transducer all GPs and their opposite PPs are located on different acoustic prisms separated by an acoustic screen (AE ), in which the entire set of UE, which is part of the device, is divided into groups of two or more UE, and the GP located inside each UE are physically divided into at least two electrically and acoustically independent zones parallel to each other and the AE and located at different distances from the AE, and zones with the same numbers located in different UE, but at an equal distance from the AE form groups connected electrically to each other, and each such group is connected to a common corresponding her gzi. Effect: increasing the thickness range of sheet metal and pipe walls, which can be effectively controlled while maintaining a moderate volume of electronics. 9 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of ultrasonic testing of materials and can be used for automatic or automated ultrasonic testing of sheet metal and pipes.

Widely known are devices whose acoustic system (AS) consists of rulers (groups) of separately combined ultrasonic transducers (UP) [1-6].

Photographs of such converters and their device are shown in FIG. 1, 2 and. 3.

Each unitary enterprise (see Fig. 2 and 3) contains a housing 1 and two prisms 2 located in it, separated by an acoustic screen (AE) 3.

Generator elements 4 (most often one fairly long element) are glued to one of the prisms, and one or more receiving elements 5 located along the AE are placed on the other.

These converters are electrically connected to their associated GZI and PU. The electrical connection diagram for a group of eight such units is shown in FIG. four.

The advantages of such plants are their simplicity, relatively high efficiency, which is especially confident when controlling materials of small thickness, and relatively low cost. Groups or lines of simple separately combined UEs are one of the main speaker systems that are used today in the control of sheet metal. Even with a relatively large rolling width and, accordingly, with a large number of UEs, the number of electronic channels is very reasonable. For example, if an acoustic system (AS) is built on a unitary enterprise with one GP and three PPs and contains 100 such PSs, then the device as a whole will contain 100 GSI and 300 PUs.

The disadvantage of this system is the relatively small range of distances from the UE, at which ultrasonic monitoring is effective. This results in relatively small (up to 40 - 50 mm) maximum thicknesses of sheet metal, which can be successfully controlled. In FIG. 5 - 7 show the distribution patterns of the radiation patterns of GP (1) and PP (2). Obviously, the defect can only be detected in the area where the radiation patterns of the GP and the PP intersect (6). If the GP and PP elements form a common zone near the input surface, then the detection of defects at the opposite surface will be very difficult (see Fig. 6). If you "focus" GP and PP in the middle zone of the sheet (see Fig. 7), then it becomes difficult to identify defects on the surfaces of the sheet. Thus, the range of thicknesses of sheet metal, which can be effectively controlled by the known ultrasonic inspection system, is very limited.

Widely known are ultrasonic transducers - phased arrays [1-4]. They contain a large number of receiving-emitting elements and allow you to electronically change the direction of radiation and reception. The disadvantage of such transducers is the large amount of electronics associated with them and, accordingly, its high cost, especially in relation to mass, high-performance ultrasonic testing of rolled products and pipes.

The purpose of this utility model is to increase the range of thicknesses of sheet metal and pipe walls, which can be effectively controlled, while maintaining a reasonable cost of flaw detection equipment.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for automated ultrasonic testing of sheet metal and pipes, including a set of probing pulse generators (GZI), controlled independently using a synchronizing device, a set of receiving devices (PU) and at least one group of separately combined ultrasonic transducers ( UP), located in one housing, or in different buildings, and the generator piezoelectric elements (GP) of all UP connected to their respective probing pulse generators (GZI), controlled independently by means of a synchronizing device, and receiving piezoelectric elements (PP) are connected to their corresponding receiving devices (PU), and within one ultrasonic transducer all GPs and their opposite PPs are glued to different acoustic prisms separated by an acoustic screen (AE), the entire set of UEs that are part of the device is divided into groups of two or more UEs, and the GPs located inside each UE are physically divided into at least two electrically and acoustically independent zones, arallelnye each other and AE and located at different distances from the AE, the zone with the same numbers that are in different UE, but equidistant from the AE form groups connected electrically to each other, each group is connected to common its corresponding SPG.

An example of a wiring diagram in a group of eight such units is shown in FIG. 8.

Accepted designations:

AC - speaker system

UP - separation-combined ultrasonic transducers (UP1 ... UP8),

AE - acoustic screen (AE1 ... AE8),

GZI - probe pulse generator (GZI1 ... GZI8),

PU - receiving device,

Z - the range of one UP (Z1 ... Z8),

GP - generator piezoelectric element,

PP - receiving piezoelectric element,

pos. 6 is a radiation pattern of the GP,

pos. 7 - radiation pattern PP,

pos. 8 - zone of intersection of radiation patterns of GP and PP,

pos. 9 is a wide radiation pattern,

pos. 10-12 - various zones of intersection of the radiation patterns of the synchronizing device (SU) - conventionally not shown.

The main element of the circuit is the ultrasonic transducers UP 1 - UP8, the GP of which form eight zones Z1-Z8 parallel to the corresponding acoustic screen (AE1-AE8). All zones of the same name Z1-Z8 are electrically connected to each other and to the corresponding generator (GZI1-GZI8). Generators GZI1-GZI8 are controlled by a common US synchronization device and have exactly the same or approximately the same load capacity as the generators of the known system (see Fig. 3). The volume of flaw detector electronics (the number of generators and receivers), and therefore its cost in comparison with the known system, did not increase. Some complication of the design of the control unit and the cable connecting the control unit with the flaw detector electronics is not fundamental from the point of view of their influence on the cost of the device as a whole.

However, this system has a huge advantage compared to the known [5, 6]. The device allows using known algorithms to control the generators, achieving the desired distribution of the field of elastic vibrations excited in the product.

The most natural way to expand the range of acceptable range to the defect is electronic control of the direction of radiation and / or focal length - at the same time in all UEs belonging to the group, carried out according to the known technology for controlling phased arrays. A change in the angle of radiation α is possible within the limits of the condition widely known from the theory of phased arrays:

where b is the width of the widest of the elements Z1-Z8. If we assume that these elements Z1-Z8 have the same width, then b is the width of the zones Z.

Another way to change the field excited in the control object is to move the active zone along the aperture. For example, if zones Z1-Z8 are excited according to the law: Z1 + Z2; Z2 + Z3; Z3 + Z4 ... Z7 + Z8, as shown in FIG. 9, then the ultrasonic beam will be displaced.

In FIG. Figure 9 shows the distribution patterns of the radiation patterns of the GP (6, 7, 8) for different radiation directions, a wide radiation pattern of the PP (9), and also different zones of intersection of the radiation patterns (10, 11, 12). For a more effective change in the position of the zones, it is advisable to give the surface of the prism, where the emitting piezoelectric elements are placed, a cylindrical shape.

In this example, piezoelectric elements having a cylindrical shape are used as receiving elements to expand their radiation pattern. They are glued to the cylindrical surface of the prism.

However, the shape of the receiving elements may be flat. It should be borne in mind that their radiation pattern must be wide enough to ensure the reception of signals from any distance specified by the maximum sheet thickness. To do this, when choosing the width of the flat receiving element should also be guided by the formula (1). However, it is possible to expand the radiation pattern of the receiving element, as indicated in the above example, by giving it and the prism of a cylindrical shape. You can use two or more receiving elements and control them by analogy with the above-described principles of controlling radiating elements Z1-Z8.

The following circumstance should be taken into account here. For a number of reasons, the cost of the receiving channel, as a rule, significantly exceeds the cost of the channel of the generator. At the same time, the total radiation pattern of the ultrasonic transducer is determined by the product of the radiation patterns of the emitting and receiving elements. By virtue of the principle of duality, it does not matter whether the receiver is a more focused device or a generator. Therefore, if there are no other contraindications (for example, the speed of the system, which, when focusing on reception, can provide a higher speed of obtaining information), it is advisable to use manipulations with the field characteristics of the UE due to generators.

The study of the prototype of such a system - an ultrasonic separately-combined transducer having eight GPs controlled by eight independent GZI, and one PP - the remaining seven PMs were replaced by an equivalent electric load, showed its ability to effectively detect artificial reflectors with a diameter of 2 mm in the range from 2 mm to at least 300 mm from unitary enterprise. It. means that the object of the proposed utility model allows five to ten times to increase the thickness of products that can be reliably and effectively controlled.

Information sources.

1. Klyuev V.V. Unbrakable control. Volume 3 .: Reference. In 7 books / Ed. Klyueva V.V. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 2004.

2. Kretov E.F. Ultrasonic flaw detection in power engineering. - Ed. 3rd, rev. and add. - St. Petersburg: SVEN, 2011, 312 s, ISBN 978-5-91161-014-2.

3. Vybornov B.I. Ultrasonic flaw detection. - M.: Metallurgy, 1985.

4. Klyuev V.V. Devices for non-destructive testing of materials and products. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1986.

5. RF patent No. 2354076.

6. RF patent No. 2532587.

Claims (1)

 A device for automated ultrasonic testing of sheet metal and pipes, including a set of probing pulse generators (GZI) controlled by a synchronizing device (SU), a set of receiving devices (PU) and at least one group of separately combined ultrasonic transducers (UEs) located in in one case or in different cases, and the generator piezoelectric elements (GP) of all UEs are connected to their respective probing pulse generators (GZI), controlled independently by synchronization measuring device, and receiving piezoelectric elements (PP) are connected to their respective receiving devices, and within the limits of one ultrasonic transducer all GPs and opposite PPs are located on different acoustic prisms separated by an acoustic screen (AE), characterized in that the whole set of UP , which is part of the device is divided into groups of two or more units, and the GP located inside each unit are physically divided into at least two electrically and acoustically independent zones parallel to each other and AEs and located at different distances from the AEs, moreover, zones with the same numbers located in different UE, but at an equal distance from the AE, form groups connected electrically to each other, and each such group is connected to a common GZI corresponding to it.

Images