RU172400U1 - Foldable medical transport immobilization tire with cutaneous traction function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to disaster medicine, military medicine, surgery, traumatology, medical equipment, specifically to medical transport tires for immobilization of the lower extremities and to methods of using such tires. The utility model is based on the task of creating a foldable reusable transport tire with the function of transport cutaneous traction, with good spatial rigidity in the working position, the possibility of using both lower and upper limbs, with a design that provides ventilation of the surface of the immobilized limb, applicable in any weather and climatic conditions, light, occupying little space in the transport position, having X-ray permeability, providing access for visual Foot control status and the necessary manipulations. 5 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to disaster medicine, military medicine, surgery, traumatology, medical equipment, specifically to medical transport tires for immobilization of the lower extremities and to methods of using such tires.

Known analogue (medical bus) in the description of the patent application RU 75936, IPC A61F 5/00, publ. 09/10/2008, which is a lodgement of an elastic flexible material for placing a damaged limb, consisting of sections made with the possibility of interconnecting at right angles and equipped with a stopper for their rigid fixation in this position, with additional locking elements for the limb.

Disadvantages: The design of the medical splint does not provide the necessary rigidity, excluding the displacement of bone fragments, the design of the splint lacks structural elements that allow temporary transport cutaneous traction of the lower limb to reliably immobilize and prevent the displacement of bone fragments with subsequent trauma to soft tissues and the possibility of bleeding.

A known analogue (tire for temporary immobilization of a limb) in the description of the invention to patent RU 2010107130, IPC A61F 5/01, publ. 08/27/2011), which is an elastic inflatable base with through pockets with the possibility of inserting plates to give the tire rigidity, made with the possibility of grasping at least part of the limb in such a way that when grasping the base of the limb, the stiffness plate faces one of its two limbs surfaces.

The disadvantages are that the operation of the tire for temporary immobilization of the limb requires a pump or compressor to create excess air pressure in the inflated base. The technical impossibility of rigidly fixing the limb does not prevent the displacement of bone fragments during transportation of the injured, the design of the tire lacks structural elements that allow temporary transport cutaneous traction of the lower limb to reliably immobilize and prevent the displacement of bone fragments with subsequent trauma to soft tissues and the possibility of bleeding. The closed design of the tire excludes the possibility of visual monitoring of the condition of the damaged limb during transportation (including the control of bleeding), and makes it difficult to carry out manipulations. The closed design does not allow ventilating the immobilized limb, which can lead to maceration of the skin surface from moisture or biological fluids.

A known analogue (immobilization tire "Omnimed") in the description of the invention to patent RU 27479, IPC A61F 5/04, publ. 02/10/2003, which is the basis of waterproof sheet corrugated cardboard that has a graphic marking with matching bilateral thinning along the fold lines, folded along the fold lines from the transport position into a three-dimensional structure with stiffeners made of two sections with axillary, inguinal and heel stops and shock absorbers, a device for fixing the tire, elastic rings to create traction of the limb.

Disadvantages: The design of the immobilization tire is a set of blanks, which must be prepared for operation by applying cuts with a knife according to special marking and cutting grooves with scissors, folding blanks into three-dimensional structures, which takes time and can lead to structural failure of the tire when assembling tires from blanks unprepared or inexperienced people. The immobilization tire kit is intended for single use.

Known analogue (transport and medical tire) in the description of the invention to patent RU 62012, IPC A61F 5/048, publ. 03/27/2007, which is a telescopically connected base from a strap for the outer lateral surface of the trunk with emphasis on the armpit, and a strap located on the inner surface of the limb, a pelvic support with fastening straps at the level of the proximal end of the medial strap, a stopper at the distal end of the base, mechanism traction from telescopic rods, lodgements of the thigh and lower leg, fastening straps and straps of fixation of the tire to the front surface of the body.

Disadvantages: significant size of the structure, inconvenience of storage and transportation, especially in the field.

A known analogue (transport immobilization tire for the lower extremity with cutaneous traction) in the description of the invention to patent US 7641624, publ. 01/05/2010, which is a folding rod with a system of fastening belts that are fixed above the fracture with a fixation belt in the knee area, additional fixation belts with Velcro fasteners and a traction system, which is a bracket with tension and fixation belts of the ankle of the victim.

Disadvantages: Limb immobilization is carried out only due to cutaneous traction, since a rod with soft fixation straps is not able to prevent limb displacement in mutually perpendicular planes. The use of this type of tire is contraindicated in case of combined trauma to the lower limb with damage to the pelvic bones and damage to the upper limb due to the possibility of constricting blood vessels and nerves when the tire strap is in the armpit

The closest analogue prototype is known (folding transport tire for limbs with cutaneous traction for quick use in emergency situations in the field with damage to long tubular bones and soft tissues of the limbs) in the description of the invention in patent US 8562552, publ. 10/22/2013, which is a fabric base made of a waterproof material in a form that generally corresponds to the anatomical contours of the limbs with a through pocket for a solid insert in the form of a rigid folding rod (including a bendable insert that allows you to give the tire the desired anatomical shape), having a bracket for belt fastenings for stretching the limb, with fastening straps sewn into the fabric base, having an elastic insert, providing tight compression of the limb and fixing the tires on it.

Disadvantages: When applied without traction, the tire does not provide the necessary immobilization, preventing the movement of the damaged limb in mutually perpendicular planes. Fastening the tire to the limbs solely due to the compression of the soft tissues by the belts may not be enough to fix the tire during traction, and with a strong tightening of the fastening belts it can contribute to disturbances of local blood circulation. Tissue wrapping around a limb makes it difficult to visually monitor for any existing limb injuries during transportation of the injured.

The utility model is based on the task of creating a foldable reusable transport tire with the function of transport cutaneous traction, with good spatial rigidity in the working position, the possibility of using both lower and upper limbs, with a design that provides ventilation of the surface of the immobilized limb, applicable in any weather and climatic conditions, light, occupying little space in the transport position, having X-ray permeability, providing access for visual Foot control status and the necessary manipulations.

The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that the tire consists of three or more elements, each of which has a length not less than the average anatomical length of the forearm, in total with the length of the wrist of an adult, in the sum of the lengths of all elements in an extended position and rigid bonding relative to each other, exceeding the average length of the lower limb of an adult is at least 20 cm, each of which is a corner of two mutually perpendicular plates with bent edges, with through slots and in planes corners as rectangles (for ventilation and passage of fastening belts or straps) and circular holes for fastening elements between a bracket and fastening systems traction extremity. The individual corner elements of the claimed tire have various sizes, selected so that all elements can be inserted one into another in the transport position and held relative to each other due to the bends of the guide edges of the corner plates. When bringing the tire into working position, the angular elements are extended to the required length from each other and fixed using through plastic latches or screws with wing nuts. If necessary, all elements of the tire can be used separately to immobilize different limbs. The tire elements can be spliced at right angles with the screws with wing nuts, plastic latches in combination with the fastening of the bus elements with tension belts or with an arm for the traction system.

The tire can be fixed on immobilized limbs and body parts using lingering belts, fabric strips with Velcro locks, cords, adhesive tape, regular or elastic bandages, strips of torn clothing or fabric, and any other improvised materials, including by passing fixing elements through the slots in the tire plates.

Cutaneous extremity traction is carried out using a patch cuff from a fabric strip with a Velcro fastener or with a spring lock and traction straps sewn to the cuff, which are threaded into the slots in the bus plates farthest from the limb or into the slot of a special extension bracket, which is fixed at the farthest from the limb the end of the tire with the screws with the wing nuts. The tension is created by the manual pull of the tension belt and its fixation in tension when using a spring lock. The opposite end of the tire is fixed either with a false elastic stop in the area of the inguinal fold, or with a belt passed around the thigh and through the inguinal fold. If it is impossible to stop in the inguinal fold when the pelvis is damaged or when the tire is used on the upper limb, the tire is fixed on the limb by tightly compressing the fixing elements around the anatomical profile of the limb.

The inventive folding transport immobilization tire with traction function is made of lightweight aluminum alloy or plastic.

The design of the tire and the properties of the materials used allow the tire to be used repeatedly, cleaning and disinfecting if necessary. The absence of elements in the tire structure whose properties change upon wetting, contamination, cooling or heating within the temperature ranges known in all climatic zones of the world, allows the design to be used for its intended purpose in almost all environmental conditions.

The utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1-5. In FIG. 1 shows a side and front view of a folding medical transport immobilization tire Demkin with the function of cutaneous traction of the limb and structural elements for traction of the limb. In FIG. Figure 2 shows a variant of the working position of the tire for traction of the lower limb with fixing the tire with a belt in the inguinal fold of the victim and using the belt for traction without an additional bracket. In FIG. Figure 3 shows a variant of the working position of the tire for traction of the lower extremity with fixing the tire with a belt in the inguinal fold of the victim and using the belt for traction using an additional bracket for fixing the traction belt. In FIG. Figure 4 shows a variant of the working position of the tire for traction of the lower limb with fixation of the tire with an elastic stop in the groin of the victim and the use of a belt for traction without an additional bracket. In FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of fastening tire elements at right angles to each other using an extension bracket or attachment belts.

As shown in FIG. 1, the folding medical transport immobilization tire Demkin with the function of cutaneous traction of the limb consists of three or more elements (Fig. 1 - 1, 2, 3), each of which is a corner of two mutually perpendicular plates with bent edges (Fig. 1- 4) made of lightweight aluminum alloy or plastic, with through holes in the planes of corners in the form of rectangles (Fig. 1-6) (to ensure ventilation and the passage of fixing belts or straps) and round holes (Fig. 1-5), for fastening elements together fastening limb extension bracket system (Fig. 1-15). The individual corner elements of the claimed tire have mutually suitable sizes, selected in such a way that all the elements can be moved into each other in the transport position and held relative to each other due to the bends of the guide edges of the corner plates. When bringing the tire into working position, the angled elements are extended to the required length from each other and fixed using through plastic latches (Fig. 1-13) or screws with wing nuts (Fig. 1-14) in two or three pairs of mutually matching through the holes of the plates of the corners (Fig. 1-7). To fix the limbs, belts with an elastic insert are used to better adapt to the anatomical contours (Fig. 1-16) with Velcro fasteners (Fig. 1-8) or spring locks (Fig. 1-10), which can be wrapped around the tire or skipped through the rectangular slots. Cutaneous extremity traction is carried out using a patch cuff from a strip of fabric with a Velcro fastener (Fig. 1-11) or with a spring lock and traction straps sewn to the cuff (Fig. 1-9) with elastic inserts (Fig. 1-16), fixed by a spring lock (Fig. 1-10), which are threaded into the slots in the tire plates farthest from the limb (Fig. 1-6) or into the slot of a special bracket for traction (Fig. 1-15), which is fixed at the end far from the limb tires with screws with wing nuts (Fig. 1-14). The tension of the belts for stretching the limb is created by the manual traction of the tension belt (Fig. 1-9) and its fixation in tension when using a spring lock (Fig. 1-10). The opposite end of the tire is fixed for the possibility of creating an emphasis for traction either with a false elastic stop (Fig. 1-17) in the area of the inguinal fold, or with a belt (Fig. 1-12) with an elastic insert (Fig. 1-16), passed through a slot in splint (Fig. 1-6) around the thigh and through the inguinal fold of the victim.

The utility model works as follows. From the transport position, the tire elements can be extended to any desired length and fixed using through plastic latches (Fig. 1-13) or screws with wing nuts (Fig. 1-14) in two or three pairs of mutually matching through holes in the corner plates (Fig. 1-7). If necessary, the tire elements (Fig. 5 - 1, 2, 3) can be spliced at right angles (Fig. 5) using screws with wing nuts (Fig. 5-14), plastic latches in combination with the fastening of the bus elements with tension belts (Fig. 5-8) or using an arm for the traction system (Fig. 5-15). Also, the elements of the bus (Fig. 1 - 1, 2, 3) can be disconnected to fix various damaged limbs.

The damaged limb is fixed in the inner part of the angle formed by the mutually perpendicular plates of the tire (Fig. 2 - 1, 2, 3) using fixing straps (Fig. 2-8), which, depending on the volume of the circumference of the limb, can cover the tire on the outer surface or skip in the slot in the plates (Fig. 2-6) in any combination. In the absence, lack of regular fixing belts, the limb can be fixed by any means at hand (strips of fabric, belts, duct tape). To create an emphasis for stretching the limb, the tire is additionally fixed using a belt with a spring lock (Fig. 2-12), missed in the inguinal fold, or when the tire is located on the inside of the damaged limb, using an elastic stop in the inguinal fold (Fig. 4- 17). An alternative way to fasten the tire in the working position when it is impossible to stop in the inguinal fold or axilla is to tightly compress the anatomical contours of the limb with often located fixing straps (Fig. 1-8).

To create axial traction for traction around the limb in an anatomically suitable place, a fixing cuff is applied, fastened with Velcro fasteners, or a spring lock (Fig. 2-11), and straps attached to the cuff to create traction (Fig. 2-9) are either passed through the slots in the tire plates (Fig. 2-6), or are passed through the slot of the bracket for traction (when using it) (Fig. 3-15). The use of an arm for traction may take additional time to install it, however, it allows traction with a more accurate combination of the thrust vector with the axis of the limb. A traction for stretching a limb is created by tensioning the belt (Fig. 3-9) and fixing it with a spring lock (Fig. 3-10).

In the study of other known technical solutions in this field, the differences that are present in the proposed device were not revealed in such a combination of structural elements and their connections, allowing to create the possibility of splicing of individual tire elements along the length or at an angle to each other, with the possibility of creating axial thrust for immobilization of a damaged limb by traction, with or without it, with the structural provision of the spatial stiffness of the tire in mutually perpendicular planes and the creation of conditions for reliable imm Obligation of a damaged limb even without the use of cutaneous traction, with the possibility of using tire elements to separately immobilize several damaged limbs at the same time, while maintaining the ventilation of the surface of the immobilized limbs through the perforated tires and the possibility of visual inspection and easy access to injuries for medical procedures.

The advantage and difference of the claimed utility model of the folding medical transport immobilization tire Demkin with the function of cutaneous traction of an extremity in front of analogues is:

- a composite transformable design that allows you to quickly form a tire of the required length, configuration or use the individual components of the tire as separate on different limbs;

- spatial structural rigidity of the tire, provided by a mutually perpendicular arrangement of the plates making up the tires;

- the presence in the tire structure of through perforation, which allows ventilating the surface of an immobilized limb or part of the body, and used to splicing tire elements along the length or at an angle, for attaching limb traction belts;

- the absence of elements in the tire structure that impede visual inspection and access to the place of damage during transportation.

Claims (1)

Folding medical transport immobilization tire with the function of cutaneous extremity traction, characterized in that it contains three mutually enclosed sliding relative to each other with the possibility of complete separation or, on the contrary, rigid fixation relative to each other of the constituent elements in the form of corners with flat plates having rectangular and round through holes and bent edges of the plates, forming guides for moving the embedded elements of the tire along the length, containing screws with wing nuts for fixation and sliding tire elements relative to each other, comprising a connectable bracket with an opening for attaching a tension belt for stretching a limb, a connectable elastic stop for the opposite end of the tire, a fastening belt with an elastic insert with a spring lock for attaching the tire in anatomical folds, fixing belts with elastic inserts with Velcro fasteners for fixing the damaged limb and fixing the tire relative to the anatomical contours of the limb.

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