RU165286U1 - PULSED NEUTRON GENERATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A pulsed neutron generator, which is housed in a sealed metal case filled with a dielectric, a storage capacitor, a charging choke, a vacuum neutron tube, a capacitor of a vacuum neutron tube power supply, an electric circuit of a vacuum neutron tube, consisting of two high-voltage transformers with multi-row secondary windings and a multilayer paper -film insulation made on closed cores of electrical steel, the outputs of the transformers are connected s with cup-shaped screens and a vacuum neutron tube located in them, as well as a temperature compensator and high-voltage sealed bushing insulators installed on the generator cover, characterized in that an additional winding is inserted parallel to the secondary winding of the high voltage transformer of positive polarity of the voltage pulses, connected between the anode of the neutron tube and the source charging voltage.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of physical instrumentation, in particular to neutron radiation sources, and is intended for use in the development of neutron and x-ray generators.

Known pulsed neutron generator containing a neutron tube, a high voltage transformer, storage capacitors, an ion source power capacitor and an isolation choke. The generator is made according to a bipolar scheme for switching on a neutron tube, in which accelerating voltage pulses of different polarity with an amplitude of 60 kV are applied to the target and the source of the neutron tube. Copyright certificate SU 708939, IPC H05G 1/00, 04/30/1994. To prevent the accelerating voltage from getting into the power supply, a separation choke is made in the form of a separate unit. Space is required to accommodate the isolation choke.

Known pulsed neutron generator containing a vacuum neutron tube and a power circuit for a vacuum neutron tube, consisting of two high-voltage transformers, a storage capacitor, an accelerating pulse formation circuit, a capacitor of a neutron tube power source and a charging choke, placed in a sealed enclosure in which all the elements of the electric power schemes of a vacuum neutron tube are made in the form of bodies of revolution with central holes, interconnected mechanically ki and electrically using threaded electrical contacts with central holes, and with a vacuum neutron tube through cup-shaped threaded bushings with central and side holes mounted on the target and anode of the vacuum neutron tube, the vacuum neutron tube and the power supply circuit are placed in a hollow thin-walled cylinder with outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the sealed enclosure. Between the outer wall of the thin-walled cylinder and the inner wall of the sealed housing, an outer cavity is formed, filled with a liquid dielectric, communicating with the inner cavity formed by the central holes in the cooled elements of the power supply circuit of the vacuum neutron tube. Patent for invention RU 2368024, IPC G21G 4/02, 09/20/2009.

The generator has a limited service life due to the low efficiency of the high-voltage transformer, large dimensions (length) due to the isolation choke. The sequential arrangement of high-voltage transformers and a neutron tube also leads to a significant increase in the size of the generator.

A pulsed neutron generator is also known, which contains a storage capacitor, a charging choke, a vacuum neutron tube, a power supply capacitor of a vacuum neutron tube, an electric power circuit consisting of two high-voltage transformers with multi-row secondary windings and a multilayer paper -film insulation made on closed cores of electrical steel, the output of which is connected to a cup-shaped screen and the vacuum neutron tube located in them, as well as a temperature compensator and a high-voltage sealed bushing installed on the generator cover. Utility Model Patent RU 155328, IPC G21G 4/00, 10/10/2015. This decision was made as a prototype.

The specified generator has a large size, weight. The throttle is an electrical product with large dimensions, which requires space.

The objective of the utility model is the development of a small-sized neutron generator.

The technical result of the utility model is to reduce the overall dimensions and weight of the generator.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a pulsed neutron generator comprises a storage capacitor, a charging choke, a vacuum neutron tube, a capacitor of a vacuum neutron tube power source, an electric power circuit consisting of two high-voltage transformers with multi-row secondary windings located in a sealed metal case filled with a dielectric and multilayer paper-film insulation protruding beyond the rows, the outputs of which are connected to the cup-shaped screens and a vacuum neutron tube arranged in them. A temperature compensator and high-voltage sealed bushings are installed on the generator cover. High-voltage transformers are made on closed cores made of electrical steel, the longitudinal axis of the windings of which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neutron tube and the housing, an additional winding is inserted parallel to the secondary winding of the high voltage transformer of positive polarity of the voltage pulses, connected between the anode of the neutron tube and the charging voltage source, acting as a separation choke .

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed pulsed neutron generator, where 1 is a metal casing, 2 is a vacuum neutron tube, 3 is a high voltage transformer of negative polarity of voltage pulses, 4 is a high voltage transformer of positive polarity of voltage pulses, 5 is a closed magnetic circuit, 6 is a core, 7 is a primary winding 8 - secondary multi-row windings, 9 - multilayer paper-film insulation, 10 - cup-shaped metal screens, 11 - additional winding, 12 - capacitor of a neutron tube power source, 1 3 - storage capacitors, 14 - generator cover, 15 - temperature compensator, 16 - high-voltage sealed bushings.

In FIG. 2 shows a section A-A, where 5 is a closed magnetic circuit, 6 is a core, 7 is the primary winding of a high voltage transformer of positive polarity of voltage pulses, 8 is a secondary multi-row winding of a high voltage transformer of positive polarity of voltage pulses, 9 is multilayer paper-film insulation, 11 is additional winding.

In FIG. 3 shows the electric circuit of the generator, where 2 is a vacuum neutron tube, 3 is a high voltage transformer of negative pulse polarity, 4 is a high voltage transformer of positive pulse polarity, 11 is an additional winding, 12 is a capacitor of a neutron tube power source, 13 are storage capacitors; K2 - the ends of the secondary windings of high voltage transformers 3, 4; N add. exchange., To add. exchange - the beginning and the end of the additional winding of a high voltage transformer of positive polarity of the pulse voltage; Uist., Uzar - high-voltage bushings.

The generator is made in a metal casing 1, filled with a liquid dielectric, inside which a neutron tube 2 is placed, high-voltage pulse transformers of negative and positive polarity of voltage pulses 3 and 4, containing closed magnetic circuits 5. Primary windings 7 are located symmetrically relative to their ends on top of the primary -second multi-row windings 8 wound simultaneously with multilayer paper-film insulation 9, which extends beyond the ranks. Magnetic cores 5 and cores 6 are made of electrical steel, for example, E310.

The conclusions of the secondary windings K2 are connected to the cup-shaped screens 10, inside which the target M and the anode A part of the neutron tube 2 are placed. Terminal H ext. exchange additional winding 11 is connected through a high-voltage sealed bushing insulator 16 with a charging voltage source Uist. Conclusion To add. exchange additional winding 11 is connected to the anode A of the neutron tube 2.

High-voltage transformers 3, 4 are made on closed magnetic circuits, the longitudinal axis of the windings 7 and 8 of which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neutron tube 2 and the neutron generator housing 1. Simultaneously with the winding of the secondary winding 8 of the high-voltage transformer of positive polarity of voltage pulses in one technological process together with paper film insulation 9 is wound with a wire PEV-2 additional winding 11.

Inside the housing 1 is placed the capacitor of the power source of the neutron tube 12, the storage capacitors 13.

To ensure electrical strength, the generator is filled with a liquid dielectric. A temperature compensator 15 and high-voltage sealed bushing insulators 16 (Uist. And Uzar.), Through which the generator is powered and controlled, are installed on the cover of the generator 14.

TKp transformer oil was used as a liquid dielectric in the generator.

Due to this embodiment of the secondary winding 8 of the high voltage transformer of positive polarity of the voltage pulses and the additional winding 11, the additional winding serves as an isolation choke.

Such a solution eliminates the need to perform a separation throttle as an independent structural element in a separate process. This allows to reduce the overall dimensions and weight of the generator.

The generator operates as follows.

образуются нейтроны с энергией 14 МэВ.When the switching element is activated (not shown in Fig. 1), the storage capacitors 13, charged to a voltage of 4.5 kV, are discharged through the primary windings of transformers 3 and 4. Voltage pulses of 50-60 kV are generated on the secondary windings with a duration of 4 μs of negative and positive polarity and fed to the anode and cathode of a pulsed neutron tube 2. Simultaneously, a voltage pulse of ignition of the ion source is generated, as a result of which the capacitor of the source 12 is discharged through the anode and cathode of the neutron tube 2. azovavshiesya deuterium ions bombarding a target electrode by vacuum neutron tube 2. On target by reaction

neutrons with an energy of 14 MeV are formed.

At the same time, the additional winding 11 of the high-voltage transformer of positive polarity of the voltage pulses prevents the high-voltage pulse of 60 kV from reaching the charging voltage source Uist. (not shown in FIG. 1).

Thus, the creation of a pulsed neutron generator in accordance with the proposed technical solution made it possible to reduce its dimensions and weight by approximately 20% due to the additional winding of the high voltage transformer of positive polarity of the voltage pulses of the voltage separator choke functions.

Claims (1)

A pulsed neutron generator, which is housed in a sealed metal case filled with a dielectric, a storage capacitor, a charging choke, a vacuum neutron tube, a capacitor of a vacuum neutron tube power supply, an electric circuit of a vacuum neutron tube, consisting of two high-voltage transformers with multi-row secondary windings and a multilayer paper -film insulation made on closed cores of electrical steel, the outputs of the transformers are connected s with cup-shaped screens and a vacuum neutron tube located in them, as well as a temperature compensator and high-voltage sealed bushing insulators installed on the generator cover, characterized in that an additional winding is inserted parallel to the secondary winding of the high voltage transformer of positive polarity of the voltage pulses, connected between the anode of the neutron tube and the source charging voltage.

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